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| SUMMARY The present study, entitled �Study on the Fish Biodiversity and Fishery Resources of the Tinau River�, was conducted for a period of one year (from November 1994 to October 1995). This study has dealt with the fish fauna, their distribution pattern in the different sections of the river, some of the physico-chemical and biological parameters, and management consideration of Tinau river. This study has also included the study of socio-economic status of fishermen and fishing implements and methods used in Tinau river. A total of 35 species of fish fauna was collected from the different stations of Tinau River which belongs to 5 orders, 12 families, and 25 genera. A large number of fishes were collected with the help of local fishermen mostly by using cast net but other methods were also used for sampling the fish species. The physical condition of the river and chemical nature of the water were specified at different sections of the Tinau river. The current velocity ranged between 0.20 m/s to 2.3 m/s. the surface water temperature varied from 16.5oC to 32.5oC at different stations in different months. Despite pollution created by different factors, the chemical nature of river water seems to be an ideal environment for fish habitat yet. The river water was always saturated with dissolved oxygen. A good concentration of total hardness was found and the water body was never found acidic in nature. Among the eight endemic fish species found in Nepal, categorised by NRDB (BPP, 1995), Psilorhynchus pseudeucheneis has been reported in the Tinau river. Similarly, among ten fish species recommended for legal protection, four species namely, Tor tor, Danio rerio, Schizothorax plagiostomus and Psilorhynchus pseudeucheneis have also been reported in this river during the present investigation period. Fishes are not distributed uniformly in the Tinau River which is influenced by the current velocity, water temperature, altitude and riverbed etc. Upper reaches of the Tinau river are inhabited by Tor tor, Garra gotyla, Barilius bendelisis, Noemacheilus sps and Glyptothorax sps etc. while the lower reaches (Terai region) are dominated by Puntius sps. Although, both types, i.e., migratory and resident, of fishes were reported from the Tinau River, there is only one migratory fish species, viz., Tor tor. Rest of the ichthyofauna reported from this river during the study period are resident or local migrant species. Tinau River consists of some of the economically important fishes such as Tor tor, Schizothorax plagiostomus, Garra gotyla, Channa gachua, Barilius bendelisis, Heteropneustes fossilis, Noemacheilus sps etc. Present study shows the poor socio-economic status of fishermen in tinau river area; about 83 percent of whom are totally illiterate. Lack of productive agricultural land (average 0.26 ha per family) and huge family (6-11 family members) are the main causes for their poverty. They use both types, i.e., destructive and non-destructive fishing implements, without caring harmful effects in fishery production. Hydroelectric dam constructed in the Tinau river at Dovan has negative effects for the distribution of migratory fishes (both long and local migrants) such as Tor tor, Pseudeutropius atherinoides etc. which migrate for the purpose of breeding as well as feeding. Similarly, Bagarius bagarius which used to visit the upper reaches of Tinau River are now totally disappeared from upstream of the dam site. The present study on the fish biodiversity and fishery resources of the Tinau river and their management and conservation considerations would help for the development, management and conservation of the riverine fishery in the mountainous country like Nepal. |
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