BASIC NETWORK
 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
 NETWORK TOPOLOGY



NETWORK TOPOLOGY

Types of network topology :
-Bus topology
-Star topology
-Ring topology

1. Bus topology
A network setup in which each computer and network device are connected to a single cable or backbone. The following sections contain both the advantages and disadvantages of using a bus topology with your devices.

           


Advantages of Bus topology :
  • Failure of one device usually does not affect the rest of the bus network
  • Bus network are inexpensive and easy to install

Disadvantages of Bus topology:
  • If more computer are connected, the performance of the network will bacome slower because of data collision.
  • It is difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shut down.


2. Star topology
Star topology are well known for their nodes being located in a shape of a star. There are one of the most commonly used computer network topologies – star network topologies. The way such networks look reminds of a star as there is a central node which is illustrated in the very middle of the network schematics and from this central hub there are other nodes all around this hub connected to it. The central hub is there to transmit the messages to the other nodes and it is the server itself when the peripheral nodes are the clients.
 
                              
   Advantages of Star topology :
  • Easy to troubleshoot and isolated problem
  • If one device (pc/printer) fails, only thet device is affected
  • Devices (pc/printer) can be added to or removed from network with little or no disruption

   Disadvantages of Star topology:
  • The network will be malfunction if the single hub/switch break down.
  • Requires more cable than mostof the other topologies.


3. Ring topology
In Ring Topology, all the nodes are connected to each-other in such a way that they make a closed loop. Each workstation is connected to two other components on either side, and it communicates with these two adjacent neighbors. Data travels around the network, in one direction. Sending and receiving of data takes place by the help of TOKEN.

                                         

    Advantages of Ring topology:
  •  Reduced chances of data collision as each node release a data packet after receiving the token.
  • Token passing makes ring topology perform better than bus topology under heavy traffic
  • No need of server to control connectivity among the nodes
  • Equal access to the resources

    Disadvantages of Ring topology:

  •  A data packet must pass through all the nodes.
  • The network will be malfunctioned if the device (pc/device) or cable break down
  • A ring network can span a larger distance than a bus network, but it is more difficult to install