The Cosmic Mirror

of News events across the Universe

Compiled and written by Daniel Fischer, Skyweek - older "Mirrors" in the Archive - and find out what the future might bring!


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Current mission news: MGS (science!) + Cassini + Galileo + Prospector



The next MEPCO is coming ... to Bulgaria, in early August, 1999!
For updated details on this astronomical conference just before the total solar eclipse click here!


New: every page on two servers, in Europe and the U.S.!
Update # 131 of May 20th, 1999, at 19:50 UTC

New Uranus satellite found in Voyager pictures

Erich Karkoschka, a researcher at the Lunar and Planetary Lab at the University of Arizona in Tucson, has discovered an 18th moon orbiting the planet Uranus. Until now, Saturn has been the only planet in our solar system known to have as many as 18 satellites. The newly found moon is the first satellite of Uranus discovered in 1999 but will be designated as Satellite 1986 U 10 (short S/1986 U 10), since the actual images were taken 13 years ago by Voyager 2. The moon is about 40 km in diameter, similar in size to comet Hale-Bopp, and it may also have similar composition as the comet. It orbits Uranus once every 15 hours and 18 minutes, similar to the rotation period of Uranus. The satellite flies 51 000 km above the clouds of Uranus, the same distance as that planet's diameter.

The interplanetary spacecraft Voyager 2 took seven images of the new satellite when it flew by Uranus in late January, 1986: These images have been publicly available in digital format. However, nobody recognized the satellite until Karkoschka investigated these images recently. He has studied the Uranian satellites based on images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope and found the new satellite when he compared his HST results with images taken by Voyager 2. Uranus may well have more than 18 satellites, Karkoschka noted: Jupiter and Saturn have satellites of about half the size of the new Uranian satellite. No such small satellite has yet been discovered around Uranus since the dim sunlight at Uranus makes the detection of such small satellites very hard.


Discovery Notice in an IAUC.
U of A Press Release.

News coverage from ABC, BBC and CNN.

There was a hurricane on Mars...

... and the HST has watched it: an enormous cyclonic storm system raging in the northern polar regions of the planet Mars in late April. The storm was composed of water ice clouds like storm systems on Earth, rather than dust typically found in Martian storms and was nearly three times as large as the largest previously detected Martian spiral storm system. The storm appeared in the middle of the Martian northern hemisphere's summer season, after the planet's seasonal carbon dioxide polar cap has completely sublimated away, leaving only the underlying residual water ice cap.

The general appearance of the Martian storm seems consistent with an intense low pressure vortex with rising air causing cloud formation, possibly with a small core that is cloud-free, like the eye of a hurricane. The storm was detected using the Hubble's Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 by a team of astronomers observing Mars near its closest approach to Earth in nearly eight years. When first imaged by Hubble on April 27, 1999, the storm was located near 65 deg. N latitude and 85 deg. W longitude. When next imaged about 6 hours later, the storm appeared to have moved only slightly eastward, but seemed to be in the process of dissipating.


STScI Press Release and NASA's version.
News coverage from ABC, BBC, CNN and MSNBC.

New orbit for 1999 AN10: It will come close to Earth

Remember the "AN10 affair", one month ago (see Update # 126)? Some astronomers had found that asteroid 1999 AN10 would come close to Earth in 2027 and that there was a tiny possibility that the body would be deflected in a way that it could actually hit the Earth in 2039. New observations are now available for asteroid 1999 AN10, which is gradually moving away from the glare of the Sun. The new data allow a considerably improved orbit to be calculated for this potentially hazardous object, and the new calculation confirms that this kilometer-size asteroid could pass particularly close to the Earth on August 7, 2027.

The passage in 2027 could be as close as 37 000 km from the Earth's center but no closer. The miss distance is still very uncertain, and the asteroid could easily pass well outside the Moon's orbit. The probability of a collision in 2027 is essentially zero. But there is still a very remote possibility that asteroid 1999 AN10 could pass by Earth in 2027 in such a way as to return in the year 2039 on an impacting trajectory. First identified by researchers Andrea Milani, Steven R. Chesley and Giovanni B. Valsecchi, this scenario is still exceedingly unlikely, but the probability of collision in 2039 has now increased to about 1 chance in 10 million.


Summary by P. Chodas.
News coverage from the BBC.

Another small satellite in trouble after launch

A student-built satellite launched May 18 has failed to align its solar panels with the Sun and has depleted its onboard battery. TERRIERS, built by students at Boston University, was successfully launched on a Pegasus XL, and both TERRIERS and another satellite on the Pegasus had been placed in their proper orbits. Everything seemed normal with TERRIERS during the first of three passes over its ground station on the Boston University campus. However, controllers noticed that the spacecraft's solar panels were not aligned with the Sun during a second pass 90 minutes later. TERRIERS does have an onboard battery to provide power if the solar panels cannot, but that battery was drained the next day. Officials plan to continue to monitor the spacecraft to see if the solar panels can recharge the battery and restore power: There is still optimism that the mission to observe the middle and upper atmosphere at ultraviolet wavelengths can be rescued.

TERRIERS Homepage.
BU Press Release on the problems.
Florida Today articles and SpaceViews coverage.

Remote Agent partial success on DS1

An experiment to test the control of Deep Space One by an onboard artificial intelligence (AI) software package was interrupted May 18 when an anomaly was encountered with the software. However the test of the Remote Agent software on the Deep Space 1 spacecraft was largely a success, and another test should be able to complete the experiment. Ground controllers had noticed an anomaly with the Remote Agent software when the spacecraft failed to shut down its main engine as planned. After retrieving diagnostic data, controllers stopped the Remote Agent software and returned control of DS1 to ground controllers.

The Remote Agent software was in the middle of what was to be a two-day test. Despite the abort more than a day ahead of schedule, project officials said that the Remote Agent had still achieved 70% of its planned objectives. Remote Agent was designed to carry out a set of mission goals without relying on commands from Earth. The software developed a set of plans to carry out the goals, executed those plans, and worked around any problems that developed with the spacecraft as those plans were carried out. This is probably the most 'futuristic' of the 12 new technologies that DS1 is testing.


Remote Agent Homepage
Deep Space One Homepage
SpaceViews coverage.

Invitation!
The target asteroid of DS1, 1992 KD1, needs a real name!

Another GRB with afterglow: z=1.6!

Another case of a Gamma Ray Burst with a visible afterglow - and again it was possible to measure the redshift of the faint "star": 1.62. There is ample coverage of the ongoing observations of GRB990510 in the GCN Circulars, and more accessible stories are provided by ESO and NASA.

Next attempt for a Titan 4

This time, probably on May 22nd, the passenger of the recently unlucky rocket is an unspecified DoD s/C, perhaps a Lacrosse-class radar reconnaissance satellite. Coverage from SpaceViews.

NASA budget without Triana, TransHab

The House of Representatives approved May 19 a three-year NASA authorization bill that excludes funding for the Triana spacecraft and TransHab module for the ISS: SpaceViews coverage.

In a Nutshell:

How much of "Star Wars" can become reality, technology-wise? NASA explains... | ESA honors Hipparcos: A new prestigious science award has gone to the key scientists behind the astrometry satellite. | The changes of the solar corona with the solar cycle have been documented on a special SOHO page.


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Compiled and written by Daniel Fischer
(send me a mail to [email protected]!), Skyweek
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