The Cosmic Mirror

of News events across the Universe

Compiled and written by Daniel Fischer, Skyweek - older "Mirrors" in the Archive - and find out what the future might bring!


Awards Page
The latest issue!
Also check out Florida Today's Online Space Today and SpaceViews Latest News!

Current mission news: MGS (science!) + Cassini + Galileo + Prospector



The next MEPCO is coming ... to Bulgaria, in early August, 1999!
For updated details on this astronomical conference just before the total solar eclipse click here!


New: every page on two servers, in Europe and the U.S.!
New Pegasus launch set for May 17/18: All the details!
Update # 130 of May 17th, 1999, at 17:50 UTC

ESA ministers get their act together

After many months of uncertainty, the science ministers of the member countries of the European Space Agency have decided to go ahead with major new initiatives - and to save the suffering science program from extinction. So there will be a European Mars mission in 2003! Meeting in Brussels on 11 and 12 May, the 14 member countries of ESA, together with Canada, which has a co-operation agreement with the Agency, approved investments in new space-related development programmes, among them the first phase in a long-term programme of environmental science.

Other programmes to receive approval from the Ministers included further enhancements of Europe's highly successful launcher industry, new developments in satellite navigation, satellite communications, particularly multimedia systems, and further preparations for providing Europe's contribution to the ISS in its early years of operation. The Ministers also agreed the budgets for the ESA Science Programme allocating 1.46 billion Euros for the period 1999-2002.


ESA Press Release detailling the decisions.
Background material from before the conference.
A BBC story, highlighting the Martian aspect, and SpaceViews coverage.

SETI@home enters main phase

Until now only beta-testers or users of the operating system Unix have been able to participate in the largest distributed-computing experiment of all times - but since today everyone with a PC or Mac can also come aboard. The SETI@Home project has finally released the clever software that analyzes radio telescope data while the computers are idle, searching for signs of signals from extraterrestrial intelligences. Each participant receives a package of data - from the SERENDIP project, running piggyback at the Arecibo telescope - via the Internet and returns to analysis to a data center.

"Most of the SETI programs in existance today build large computers that analyze that data from the telescope in real time," the project explains the new approach: "None of these computers look very deeply at the data for weak signals nor do they look for a large class of signal types. The reason for this is because they are limited by the amount of computer power available for data analysis. To tease out the weakest signals, a great amount of computer power is necessary. It would take a monstrous supercomputer to get the job done.

The UC Berkeley SETI team has discovered that there are already thousands of computers that might be available for use. Most of these computers sit around most of the time with toasters flying across their screens accomplishing absolutely nothing and wasting electricity to boot. This is where SETI@home (and you!) come into the picture. The SETI@home project hopes to convince you to allow us to borrow your computer when you aren't using it and to help us '...search out new life and new civilizations.' We'll do this with a screen saver that can go get a chunk of data from us over the internet, analyze that data, and then report the results back to us."


SETI@home Homepage.
Berkeley Press Release and Planetary Society Press Release on the launch of the project.
News coverage from ABCNews, BBC ( an earlier story) and SpaceViews.
Long background story

To get into the mood: the SETI Institute and the National Science Foundation on the movie Contact.

Earth-like planet discovery believable?

Some excitement was caused in January by the announcement that an Earth- to Neptune-sized planet might have been discovered by microlensing (see Update # 118) - and finally all the details have been revealed! According to a lengthy paper now available for download, the "observations by the Microlensing Planet Search (MPS) and the MOA Collaborations place strong constraints on the possible planetary system of the lens star and show intriguing evidence of a low mass planet with a mass fraction 0.00004 < epsilon < 0.0002." And, perhaps even more intriguing, there are no other planets in this system: Various limits on additional masses have been calculated.

"In order to put our limits in more familiar terms," the authors write, "we have compared our results to those expected for a Solar System clone averaging over possible lens system distances and orientations. We find that such a system is ruled out at the 90% confidence level. A copy of the Solar System with Jupiter replaced by a second Saturn mass planet can be ruled out at 70% confidence. Our low mass planetary signal is significant at the 4.5 sigma confidence level, and if this planetary interpretation is correct, then the MACHO-98-BLG-35 lens system constitutes the first detection of a low mass planet orbiting an ordinary star without gas giant planets." (Rhie & al., Preprint of May 12, 1999)


The detailled paper - that prints out 26 pages!

China's first manned spaceflight approaching?

Few details are known, but all indications are that the People's Republic of China will try to launch a space capsule this fall, first in an unmanned test and soon thereafter with a passenger on board. According to officials quoted in the Yangcheng Evening News, preparations of the capsule are "far ahead of schedule", the test flight could take place on Oct. 1st, and the manned launch would follow "not far behind."

The Chinese space capsule seems to be based on the Russian Soyuz, but there also seem to be plans to develop a small space shuttle - apparently based on very old American design ideas like the Dynasoar (X-20). This, however, is not the spacecraft to be used in the initial flights. Another indication for upcoming manned missions is the recent overhaul of several tracking ships in shipyards in Shanghai: They will be deployed in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. This fleet has never operated far from China.


BBC Story on recent developments.
China Space News.
The history of China's manned space program.

More asteroid belts in the solar system?

A series of computer simulations is indicating that there could be several regions in the inner solar system where asteroids on circular orbits could enjoy longterm stability. Even with modern computing power, however, it is impossible to simulayte the full life of the solar system, so the conclusions involve extrapolations (which have already been questioned in the celestial mechanics community). The two most likely regions where one might find asteroids ("Vulcanoids") on stable orbits are between Sun und Mercury (0.09 ... 0.21 AU) and between Earth an Mars (1.08 ... 1.28 AU). Here three bodies have actually been discovered that could be old surviving planetesimals. (Evans & Tabachnik, Nature May 6, 1999, p. 41-3)

Nature story.
News coverage from ABC, BBC and SpaceViews.

The Two Micron All Sky Survey

is producing data at a prodigious rate: Here are some new releases from the 2MASS Survey that has collected 10+ Terabyte of material. 230 000 pictures have been released in total - and that's only 6% of the eventual size of the survey (here is another Homepage). In the course of the survey 3 brown dwarfs have been found towards the Hyades - and more than 25 "L Dwarfs".

The astronomical pictures from the VLT

have been sorted by subject now. And the Science Verification observations by Antu are available as well.

DS 1 is back

after a "standby event": JPL Press Releases from May 7th and 11th.

A new amateur attempt to reach space

will take place on May 22nd: This time it's a 2.2 m long rocket built by JP Aerospace that will try to reach 100 km altitude. JP Aerospace Homepage, a story and a prize for the first success (JP doesn't compete here, though).

Centaur failure traced to bad software

The investigation into the latest Titan launch failure (Update # 128) is progressing fast: The software that controlled the firings of the Centaur upper stage was faulty and fired the engine way too soon. The Milstar, stranded unrescuable in a low orbit, has already been abandoned. (AW&ST May 10, 1999, p. 28-30)

The malfunction of the 2nd Delta III a few days later (Update # 129) is still mysterious: The 2nd stage abruptly stopped when fired a 2nd time. (ibid. p. 30-31)

Hail delays Shuttle launch

Damage to the shuttle's external tank from a recent hailstorm is delaying the launch of Discovery to the ISS for 7 to 10 days: SpaceViews story. Meanwhile the shuttle launch of Chandra is set for "no earlier than July 22."

Bye, bye, "Gore-Sat"

The U.S. House of Representatives has killed the Triana project pushed by VP Al Gore, by a 21:18 vote in the House Science Committee. Of course, there's always a chance the highly controversial project will be resurrected at some point later in the NASA budget process: Spacer.com, Fla. Today.

The temperature of the Earth

has been determined with much greater precision than before: The annual average surface temperature of the whole world is 14.0 degrees C, with a maximum of 15.9 in July and a minimum of 12.2 in January. And from 1861 til 1997 the average temperature has climbed by 0.57 degrees, with 1998, 1997, 1995 and 1990 being the warmest years. AGU Press Release.

The last word on the Hubble constant

is 72 +/- 6 km/s/Mpc: This is what you get when you determine the distance of the Fornax galaxy cluster with 5 different methods (it's 18.6 +/- 3 Mpc) and use it to calibrate Type Ia supernovae. (Richtler & al., Preprint) The next value of Ho will come from the big "Ho Key Project" and will be published on June 1st.

In a Nutshell

Hubble has found many gravitational lenses in the Medium Sky Survey: STScI, NASA info. |
More ISO observations have been published, including a temperature map of Vesta: ESA Release. |
"Weather" on a Brown Dwarf, i.e. cloud features, is indicated by spectral features: AAO Press Release.


Have you read the the previous issue?!
All other historical issues can be found in the Archive.
This Cosmic Mirror has been visited times since it was issued.

Compiled and written by Daniel Fischer
(send me a mail to [email protected]!), Skyweek
1
Hosted by www.Geocities.ws