AlevelPE_Comparative

The comparative studies course is in three sections:
A) Physical Education and Sport in North America with particular reference to the United States.
B) Physical Education and Sport on the continent of Europe with particular reference to France.
C) Physical Education and Sport in Commonwealth with particular reference to Australia.

Candidate quiz on existing knowledge of North America and the USA in particular and or video. Historical development including colonialism and immigration patterns; environmental factors including physical and human geography; socia-cultural variables including, political structure, capitalism and commercialism, discriminated minorities. Candidate comments on differences in the UK.

Candidate review of video footage of PE/Sport in a high school. Analysis of the typical curriculum and extra curricular administration and activities in elementary and high schools.

Candidate responses to grid iron football video. Place of baggatoway (lacrosse) as the only true ethnic game in the USA, excluding native american festivals. New games, many with colonial origins, emerging in a new pluralistic culture: baseball, grid iron, basketball & volleyball. Identification of changing characteristics and causes.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Rader,BG. American Sports. Prentice Hall. 1983.

Candidate views on leisure and recreational patterns in the USA. The administration of sport for all and an analysis of opportunity, provision and esteem, particularly as it concerns minorities, in the USA. Candidate views on why there are very few private sports clubs in the USA.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
McPherson,BD et al. The Social Significance of Sport.Human Kinetics. 1989.

Candidates views on slides from some professional American games.
Professional Sport in America: administration, players, wealth and drafting, management and coaching. Spectatorism, media impact and commercialism. Olympic policy, performance and sponsorship. Candidate views on why there is so little violence among spectators in US sport.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Sage,GH. Power and Ideology in American Sport Human Kinetics. 1990.
Nixon,HL. Sport and the American Dream. Leisure Press.1984.

Candidate views on Camp School video(s). Outdoor education programmes, including outward bound movement. Analysis of different types of Summer Camp. National and State Parks: organisation and backpacking. Adventure and frontier spirit in America.
Sources: as before. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Video coverage Bunac and Camp America.

Candidate quiz on existing knowledge of Western Europe and France in particular and or video. Historical developments including the growth of nationalism, war and immigation patterns; environmental factors including physical and human geography; socio-cultural variables including, political structure, socialism/capitalism and commercialism, discriminated minorities. Candidate comments on differences in the UK.
Sources: Davis et al. PE & the Study of Sport. Harcourt Brace. 2000. with supportive CD-Rom. 2000.
ENCARTA: France. 1999.

Candidate review of video/slides showing ethnic sports. The ethnic variables in France and associated sports, Breton wrestling, etc. The Basque people and their rural sports, bull fighting and pelota. The urban game of boules.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
France Information Services. Sports in France. 125. 1985.

Sport pour tous as a popular campaign. The devolution of sports administration in France. The licence system and club development. The widespread public funding of community facilities.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Le Sport Pour Tous. Comite Nationale Olympique et Sportif Francais. 1975.

Candidate review of French sport/slides. Massive state funding of Olympic sports. Joinville and the INSEP. Successes in intwernational sport through coaching, provision and commercial support. The Tour de France as the sporting showpiece of Europe.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Cook,M.(Ed) French Culture since 1945. Chapt.6. Greaves,A. Sport in France. 1993.

Outdoor education through the transplantee classes de neige, vert and mer. The colonies/centres de vacance as a socialist programme. The ourstanding scenary of France and the significance of mountain and water activities. Outdoor adventure and the outward bound in France.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Classes de Decouverte. 514-8. 17. Sept. 1982.

Candidate quiz on existing knowledge of Australasia and Australia in particular and or video. Historical developments including colonialism and immigation patterns; environmental factors including physical and human geography; socio-cultural variables including, political structure, capitalism and commercialism, discriminated minorities. Candidate comments on differences in the UK.
Sources: Davis et al. PE & the Study of Sport. Harcourt Brace. 2000. with supportive CD-Rom. 2000.
Cashman,R. Paradise of Sport. OUP. 1995.

Candidate views on schooling in Australia. Aussie sport and the desire for an active youth. Primary school programmes, particularly motor skill development. SEPEP (PASE) as programmes to advance standards in Australian secondary schools. The HSC.PE (VCE.PE) as leaving certificates. Candidates should compare the latter with the A-Level. in the UK.
Sources: as before. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Directorate of School Education. Physical and Sport Education in Victoria. 1993.
AAHPER. Fundamental Motor Skills (Video).Victoria. 1996.
Board of Studies. Physical Education VCE Study Design. 1994.

Candidates should review Aussie Rules as an ethnic game. Analysis of Aussie Rules and its origins. Aboriginal culture and sports. Ethnic Soccer as a problem in Australia. Candidate comment on links with Anglo-Saxon and Celt sports.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Howell, R & M. A History of Australian Sport. Shakespeare Head Press. 1987.

Comments from candidates on the apparent �obsession� with sport in Australia. The policy of Active Australia to increase levels of physical activity. Community provision on a State and commercial basis. Candidate comments on the popularity of private clubs in Australia and the UK.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Adair,D. & Vamplew,W. Sport in Australian History. OUP. 1997.

Candidates review past Australian champions. Formation of the ASC and the AIS as a recovery programme. Selection, coaching expertise, provision and high funding policy for Olympic activities, particularly leading to Sydney 2000. Professional sporting expertise, rugby, cricket and tennis. Women, equal provision and netball.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Dunstan,K. Sports. Cassell. 1973.
Daly,J. Quest for Excellence. AIS. Globe Press Victoria. 1991.

East Coast urbanisation and outdoor education programmes.
Outward bound movement and Timbertop. National and State Parks - adventure and scenic beauty.Candidates should compare the effect of size and population in Australia as against the UK in the context of �wilderness�.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Neill,J. Outward Bound Australia. Tharwa Outward Bound School, ACT. 2620.
Great National Parks of Australia. ABC Video. 14905.

Candidate review of short video clips or slides to identify similarities and differences between different countries. in terms of PE, Sport and OR.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
Sets of Slides for Aus/USA/France. (RJD)
ISCPES. Sport for All. Comparative PE & Sport.Vol. 7. Meyer & meyer.1991.

Candidates review cultural determinants in each of the countries to identify the influence they have had on similarities and differences. Discussion as to the potential value of borrowing some of the successful features in other countries.
Sources: as above. PE & the Study of Sport & CD-Rom.
ISCPES. Comparative PE and Sport. Vols. 3,4,5. Human Kinetics. 1982,3,4.
Synoptic Focus involving Contemporary and Comparative Studies with application to a practical activity.

Linking tribal and ethnic elements in the three countries with those in the UK., eg. mob games with developments in Samoan rugby, Trobriand cricket, Native American beggataway and Aboriginal sports and pastimes; codes of football as they have developed differently in Australia and USA; ethnic games in the UK with those in France. Cultural factors influencing these developments.

Linking elitist sport selection in Kenya, W.Indies, Brazil, Indonesia with colonial influences and English colonial schools. The place of the Olympic Games as an arena for world recognition. The enhancement of national teams with emigrant players and as a social mobility factor in the UK as compared with France, USA and Australia. Cultural factors influencing these developments.

Candidates to identify similarities and differences between, for example, UK school sport and French UNSS; UK sports colleges and Australian exemplary schools; UK interschool sport and US Senior High School Football. Analyse the major cultural determinants in each case at a school level and at a societal level. Discuss the likelihood of any of these three examples being acceptable in the UK.

Candidates to identify similarities and differences between, for example, attitudes to women�s soccer in the UK and in the USA; the organisation of high level sport in the UK and in Australia; the Tour de France Cycle Race and any high prestige sporting event in the UK. Analyse the major cultural determinants in each case and discuss the likelihood of any one of these three being successful in the UK.

Candidates to identify similarities and differences between, for example, outdoor adventurous education in the UK and the French classes de neige,vert and mer; National Parks in the UK and Australia; Easter and Summer Schools in the UK with Summer Camp Schools in the USA. Analyse the major cultural determinants in each case and discuss the likelihood of any one of these three being acceptable in the UK.

N.B. Content should be drawn from the AS Module Two, Contemporary Studies in Physical Education; from Module Four (Option) Comparative Studies in Physical Education; and from the Personal Performance Profile, identifying special knowledge in at least one practical activity.