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1 POLISH-JEWISH SYMBIOSIS (950 – 1500) 3 Va’ad (1581 –
1764) 6
PART TWO — PYŁA-SNYDEMÖHLE:
FIRST 200 YEARS 9
2 TRANSITION FROM VILLAGE TO TOWN 12 3 PYŁA'S JEWISH BEGINNINGS (1540 – 1623) 15 Pyła’s First
Synagogue 15
Pyła’s Rebirth 16 Pyła’s Ghetto 18 Language in the Ghetto 20 Pyła’s Rabbinate 20 First Rabbi 21 Rabbi Mose 25 Rabbi SAK 25 Rabbi Jehuda Löb 26 Rabbi Broda 26 Rabbi Wolf 27 Rabbi Sak 28 Rabbi Broda 29 PART THREE — PRUSSIAN CONQUEST
31
4 FRIEDRICH II 33 5 SCHNEIDEMÜHL (1772–1945) 36 Statistics 38
Fire of 1781
39
6 LIFE UNDER PRUSSIAN RULE 41 Politicization of
Education 41
Schutzbrief 42 Prussian Bureaucracy 43 Economic Progress 44 Rabbi Kalischer 45 PART FOUR — NINETEENTH CENTURY 47
7 HASKALAH 49 8 EMANCIPATION 51 Call to Arms 52
9 TIDES OF CHANGE 54 Rabbi Scheier
54
10 NATURALIZATIONS OF THE 1830s 58 11 LAST GREAT FIRE 61 12 NEW SYNAGOGUE 64 Locale 64
Architect 65 Exterior 66 Interior 68 Bimah and Holy Ark 69 Inauguration 70 13 RELIGIOUS TRANSITION 73 Freedom to
Choose 73
Austritt and Eingliederung 74 14 EXODUS AND THE EXPERIENCE OF 1848 76 Early
Emigrants 76
Revolution 79 15 INDUSTRIALIZATION AND SOCIAL ADVANCEMENT 81 16 RABBI SCHEIER’S DILEMMA 84 17 A NEW EPOCH 87 Rabbi Brann 87
18 THE CEMETERY 89 Matzevot 91
19 TZEDAKAH 94Burial Records 92 Charity and
Welfare 94
20 ANTI-SEMITISM 98Education Revisited 96 Names and
Stigma 100
21 SOCIAL LIFE: STATUS 10322 SCHNEIDEMÜHL'S JEWISH HEART 106 Chazzanim 110
Rabbi Grzymisch 111 Rabbi Lewkowitz 112 PART FIVE — FACING THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 115 23 THE GREAT WAR AND ITS AFTERMATH 117 Schneidemühl’s
Role 117
24 WEIMAR REPUBLIC 125Schneidemühl’s Jewish Patriots 118 Rabbi Nobel 120 Organ and Harmonium 122 Attitudes 126
Stirrings of the Right 127 Optanten 128 Rabbi Rosenzweig 130 PART SIX — TURMOIL, PERSECUTION, DESTRUCTION 133 25 SCHNEIDEMÜHL UNDER THE SWASTIKA 135 Chicanery 136
26 EMIGRANTS 151Rabbi Jospe 138 Rabbi Plotke: The Kehillah’s Last Rabbi 139 Kristallnacht 141 Cemetery’s Desecration and Obliteration 146 Flight to the
Orient 153
27 UNTERGANG 157 The Facts 158
Motives 160 Timetable 162 Odyssey of
Despair 163
28 AFTERMATH 174Transit Camp Główna 167 Confiscation 170 Last Head of the Kehillah 171 1945—Military
Annihilation 174
Polish Piła
Reborn 176
29 REMINISCENCES 178 Piła Today 179
30 Z’CHOR — REMEMBER 180 Dispersion 248
Known Holocaust Survivors 265 EPILOGUE 268 PICTURES AND ILLUSTRATIONS 269 APPENDICES 297 A. Calendarium
299
B. Rabbi Israel Nobel’s Eulogies 302 C. Burials in Schneidemühl and Neighboring Towns 303 D. Epitaphs in the Jewish Cemetery of Schneidemühl 313 E. Burial Records of the Jewish Cemetery of Schneidemühl 315 F. Census of Schneidemühl in 1774 348 G. The 1939 Census in Schneidemühl 349 H. Rabbis of the Kehillah of Pyła-Schneidemühl — 1641 to 1938 362 I. Schneidemühl’s Street Names — Then and Now 363 BIBLIOGRAPHY 364 GLOSSARY 369 INDEX 377
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