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Detail - Apartheid in Israeli Occupation


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Policies and practices of the Israeli government can be organized into 6 categories:

  • ISRAELI PRACTICE #1: Replacing the courts and government functions of the countries that previously claimed sovereignty over those areas with Israeli military committees;
  • ISRAELI PRACTICE #2: Replacing government licensing agencies of the countries that previously claimed sovereignty over those areas with a web of permit and licensing systems that gives the Israeli military control over practically every aspect of Arab life in these territories;
  • ISRAELI PRACTICE #3: Confiscating privately owned land, natural resources & property often for the use of Israeli government and settlements;
  • ISRAELI PRACTICE #4: Control of legal Identity of individuals living in those areas;
  • ISRAELI PRACTICE #5: Creating separate governing, judicial and security system for Israeli State sponsored settlements in the occupied areas;
  • ISRAELI PRACTICE #6: Violating the civil liberties of the people living in those areas.

These 6 categories of Israeli military orders in use in the occupied territories are easily re-sorted into the 6 categories of the apartheid definition. In the table given below, the official Apartheid definition is given in bolder letters:

APARTHEID DEFINITION PART A: Denial to a member or members of a racial group or groups of the right to life and liberty of person (by murder, bodily harm, torture, arbitrary imprisonment, etc.): home demolitions and area closures, newspaper censorship, imprisonment without charges or trial, expropriation of private property, arbitrary killing of civilians, students and children, interference with medical and educational services, etc., as reported in United Nations resolutions. Many of these are legalized through Israel's use of the Defense (Emergency) Regulations, originally employed by the British Mandate government.

APARTHEID DEFINITION PART B: Deliberate imposition on a racial group or groups of living conditions calculated to cause its or their physical destruction in whole or in part: Palestinian communities are isolated by Israeli structures (settlements, Israeli-use highways, military reserves, wilderness preserves, military checkpoints, etc.) which surround them, and are used to strangle and stifle Palestinian society and economy, especially through the inhibition of movement, educational and medical systems and water supplies.

APARTHEID DEFINITION PART C: Any legislative measures and other measures calculated to prevent a racial group or groups from participation in the political, social, economic and cultural life of the country and the deliberate creation of conditions preventing the full development of such a group or groups, in particular by denying to members of a racial group or groups basic human rights and freedoms, including the right to work, the right to form recognized trade unions, the right to education, the right to leave and to return to their country, the right to a nationality, the right to freedom of movement and residence, the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association: The Israelis have set up two separate legal systems in the occupied territories. The set up for the Israeli settlements give their residents access to Israeli laws and government systems and benefits, whereas the legal structure for the Palestinians subjects them to non-democratic rule by Israeli military committees and civil administrations, which has been shown to be manipulated by Israeli government agencies to benefit the Israeli economy and growth of the Israeli settlements. Thus, more and more the Palestinians find themselves stuck in shrinking communities isolated from each other and the outside world, whom are being forced into increasing poverty as their economy is choked by inhibited movement and other hostile measures taken by the Israeli government.

APARTHEID DEFINITION PART D: Any measures, including legislative measures, designed to divide the population along racial lines by the creation of separate reserves and ghettos for the members of a racial group or groups, the prohibition of mixed marriages among members of various racial groups, the expropriation of landed property belonging to a racial group or groups or to members thereof: a web of Israeli controlled structures (settlements, Israeli-use-only highways, military reserves, wilderness preserves, etc.) surround and isolate Palestinians in separate areas, which are then economically squeezed into poverty through the inhibition of movement in and out of the areas, and interference with medical and educational systems and water supplies.

APARTHEID DEFINITION PART E: Exploitation of the labour of the members of a racial group or groups, in particular by submitting them to forced labour: destroying Palestinian economy forcing Palestinians to seek work in Israel and the Israeli settlements, where discrimination in wages is practiced. But then this is halted as the intifada (rebellion against oppression) progressed, and thus unemployment soars above 50%.

APARTHEID DEFINITION PART F: Persecution of organizations and persons, by depriving them of fundamental rights and freedoms, because they oppose apartheid: use of Defense (Emergency) Regulations (1945), which legalizes such inhumane and illegal measures as imprisonment withou trial or charges, home demolitions, area closures, and media censorship, plus other illegal measures have been employed by the Israeli military such as expropriation of private property for the use of Israel, assassination of rebel leaders, use of civilians as human shields (including children), and torture.


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(c) Israel Law Resource Center, February, 2007.

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