ISRAELI VIOLATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AS PER UN SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION (Quotes From Resolutions Given Below) |
| Israeli Violations Of International Law as per UN Security Council resolution: | 267, 271, 337, 446, 452, 469, 476, 497, 592, 605, 607, 672, 681, 694, 799 |
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UN Resolution Declaring Israel in Violation of International Law |
Quote from UN Resolution |
International Law Violated by Israel as Per UN Security Council Resolution |
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| Resolution 267 (3 March 1969) -- Reaffirming the principle that acquisition of territory by military operation is not acceptable, the Security Council deplores Israel’s violations of UN Resolutions, censures in the strongest terms Israel’s actions changing status of Jerusalem, confirms as invalid all legislative and administrative steps taken by Israel changing status of Jerusalem, and urgently calls once again upon Israel to rescind past measures and desist from any future actions concerning changing the status of Jerusalem. Adopted unanimously. | "Noting that since the adoption of the above-mentioned resolutions Israel has taken further measures tending to change the status of the City of Jerusalem,
Reaffirming the established principle that acquisition of territory by military conquest is inadmissible, 1. Reaffirms its resolution 252 (1968); 2. Deplores the failure of Israel to show any regard for the resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council mentioned above; 3. Censures in the strongest terms all measures taken to change the status of the City of Jerusalem; 4. Confirms that all legislative and administrative measures and actions taken by Israel which purport to alter the status of Jerusalem, including expropriation of land and properties thereon, are invalid and cannot change that status;" |
The established principle of International Law, that acquisition of territory by military conquest is inadmissable, is found in both the UN Charter (1949) and the Declaration on Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation Among States in Accordance with the Charter of the United Nations (1970). Quotes: UN Charter (1945), article 2, para. 4:
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| Resolution 271 (15 September 1969) -- Reaffirming established principle that acquisition of territory by military conquest is not admissible, and deploring the desecration of the holy Al Aqsa Mosque, the Security Council calls upon Israel to observe the Geneva Conventions concerning military occupations, and to respect religious places, their functions and pilgrimages to them, and condemns Israel for violating UN Resolutions listed above, and warns Israel that if it does not stop, then the Security Council will then take the next steps toward achieving enforcement. | "Grieved at the extensive damage caused by arson to the Holy Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem on 21 August 1969 under the military occupation of Israel,
Reaffirming the established principle that acquisition of territory by military conquest is inadmissible, 3. Determines that the execrable act of desecration and profanation of the Holy Al-Aqsa Mosque emphasizes the immediate necessity of Israel's desisting from acting in violation of the aforesaid resolutions and rescinding forthwith all measures and actions taken by it designed to alter the status of Jerusalem; 4. Calls upon Israel scrupulously to observe the provisions of the Geneva Conventions 1/ and international law governing military occupation and to refrain from causing any hindrance to the discharge of the established functions of the Supreme Moslem Council of Jerusalem, including any co-operation that Council may desire from countries with predominantly Moslem population and from Moslem communities in relation to its plans for the maintenance and repair of the Islamic Holy Places in Jerusalem;" |
Pertaining to the established principle of International Law that acquisition of territory by military conquest is inadmissible, please see quotes above listed under section for Resolution 267. Concerning provisions in International Law protecting holy places and freedom of religion and access to religious ministers, please see Hague Regulations IV (1907), Geneva Conventions IV (1949), and Geneva Conventions Protocols I (1977): Quotes: Hague Regulations IV (1907), articles 55 & 56:
Geneva Conventions IV (1949), articles 30, 38, 58, 76, 78, 86, 93 & 142:
Geneva Conventions Protocol I (1977), article 85(4d):
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| Resolution 337 (15 August 1973) -- Gravely concerned that the hijacking is serious interference with international aviation and violation of UN Charter, and recognizing the action could have jeopardized lives of passengers and crew, and violates international conventions safeguarding civil aviation, the Security Council condemns Israel for violating Lebanon’s sovereignty and territorial integrity with hijacking, and considers that these actions violate 1949 Armistice Agreement, cease-fire resolutions, provisions of UN Charter, and international conventions of civil aviation, and principles of international law and morality, and thus calls on International Civil Aviation Organization to reference UN Resolutions when planning measures to protect international aviation, and calls on Israel to desist from further violations of Lebanon sovereignty and territorial integrity, and endangering civil aviation, and if Israel does not, then the Council will consider steps necessary to enforce its resolutions. Adopted unanimously. | "Having heard the statement of the representative of Lebanon concerning the violation of Lebanon's sovereignty and territorial integrity and the hijacking, by the Israeli air force, of a Lebanese civilian airliner on lease to Iraqi Airways, 1/
Gravely concerned that such an act carried out by Israel, a Member of the United Nations, constitutes a serious interference with international civil aviation and a violation of the Charter of the United Nations, 1. Condemns the Government of Israel for violating Lebanon's sovereignty and territorial integrity and for the forcible diversion and seizure by the Israeli air force of a Lebanese airliner from Lebanon's air space; 2. Considers that these actions by Israel constitute a violation of the Lebanese-Israeli Armistice Agreement of 1949, the cease-fire resolutions of the Security Council of 1967, the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations, the international conventions on civil aviation and the principles of international law and morality;" |
Pertaining to the basic principle of International Law respecting the sovereignty and territory of other nations (which would include their forms of civilian transportation such as airliners), please see the Charter of the United Nations (1945), and the Declaration On Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Co-Operation Among States In Accordance With The Charter Of The United Nations (1970).
The violated relevant international conventions on civil aviation will be forthcoming. Quotes: Charter of the United Nations (1945), article 2(3 & 4):
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| Resolution 446 (22 March 1979) -- Affirming that the Geneva Conventions relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949) are applicable to the Arab occupied territories by Israel including Jerusalem, and that the Israeli settlements in those territories are not valid, and are a serious obstacle to peace. The Security Council also strongly deplores the failure of Israel to abide by UN Security Council Resolutions 237, 252, and 298, UN General Assembly Resolutions 2253 and 2254, and the consensus statement of the Security Council President (Official Records of the SC, 31st Year, 1969th meeting). Thus the Security Council "calls once more upon Israel, as the occupying power, to abide scrupulously by the Geneva Conventions relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, to rescind its previous measures and to desist from taking any action which would result in changing the legal status and geographical nature and materially affecting the demographic composition of the Arab territories occupied since 1967, including Jerusalem, and in particular, not to transfer parts of its own civilian population into the occupied Arab territories", and thus establishes a Security Council Commission "… to examine the situation relating to settlements in the Arab territories...". | "Affirming once more that the Fourth Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War of 12 August 1949 1/ is applicable to the Arab territories occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem,
1. Determines that the policy and practices of Israel in establishing settlements in the Palestinian and other Arab territories occupied since 1967 have no legal validity and constitute a serious obstruction to achieving a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the Middle East; 3. Calls once more upon Israel, as the occupying Power, to abide scrupulously by the 1949 Fourth Geneva Convention, to rescind its previous measures and to desist from taking any action which would result in changing the legal status and geographical nature and materially affecting the demographic composition of the Arab territories occupied since 1967, including Jerusalem, and, in particular, not to transfer parts of its own civilian population into the occupied Arab territories;" |
The Geneva Conventions of 1949 are clear on the illegality of both changing the demographic status of occupied territories, and the occupying forces transferring their own population into the occupied lands. Quotes: Geneva Conventions IV (1949), articles 47 & 54 on illegality of changing status of occupied territory:
Geneva Conventions IV (1949), article 49, on illegality of occupying forces transferring their own population into the occupied territory:
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| Resolution 452 (20 July 1979) -- The Security Council strongly deplores Israeli lack of cooperation with the Security Council Commission studying the Israeli settlements in the Arab occupied territories. Considering that Israeli settlement policy has no validity, and is a violation of the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949). Drawing attention to the Israeli settlement policy as an obstacle to the peace process and concerned about the impact of the settlements on the Arab population, and thus emphasizing the need to confront this policy and protect property ceased under it, and bearing in mind the status of Jerusalem and necessity to “protect and preserve the unique spiritual and religious dimension of the Holy Places in that city" the Security Council accepts recommendations of the Commission. And again the Security Council calls on Israel to stop the establishment of settlements in Arab territories. | "Considering that the policy of Israel in establishing settlements in the occupied Arab territories has no legal validity and constitutes a violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War of 12 August 1949," | ||||
| Resolution 469 (20 May 1980) -- Recalling Geneva Conventions Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949), particularly articles 1 and 49 (forbidding deportations), the Security Council strongly deplores Israel’s failure to implement UN Security Council Resolution 468, and calls again upon Israel to rescind illegal expelling of Palestinian leaders, and facilitate the return of the Mayors of Hebron and Halhoul, and the Sharia Judge of Hebron.
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"Recalling the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 and in particular article 1, which reads "The High Contracting Parties undertake to respect and to ensure respect for the present Convention in all circumstances," and article 49, which reads "Individual or mass forcible transfers, as well as deportations of protected persons from occupied territory to the territory of the occupying Power or to that of any other country, occupied or not, are prohibited, regardless of their motive;"
2. Calls again upon the Government of Israel, as occupying Power, to rescind the illegal measures taken by the Israeli military occupation authorities in expelling the Mayors of Hebron and Halhoul and the Sharia Judge of Hebron, and to facilitate the immediate return of the expelled Palestinian leaders, so that they can resume their functions for which they were elected and appointed;" |
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| Resolution 476 (30 June 1980) -- Reaffirming that the acquisition of territory by force is inadmissible, and bearing in mind the specific status of Jerusalem, and the need to protect its holy sites and character. Recalling the Geneva Conventions Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949), the Security Council "deploring the persistence of Israel in changing the physical character, demographic composition, institutional structure and the status of the Holy City of Jerusalem", the Security Council reaffirms that all legislative and administrative measures Israel has taken to change the status of Jerusalem have no validity, and are a flagrant violation of the Geneva Conventions, and a serious obstacle to the peace efforts. The Security Council urgently calls upon Israel to abide by the relevant UN Resolutions, and that the Security Council is determined to take the next steps if Israel does not comply.
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"Reaffirming that acquisition of territory by force is inadmissible,
3. Reconfirms that all legislative and administrative measures and actions taken by Israel, the occupying Power, which purport to alter the character and status of the Holy City of Jerusalem have no legal validity and constitute a flagrant violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War and also constitute a serious obstruction to achieving a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the Middle East;" |
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| Resolution 497 (17 December 1981) -- Reaffirming that the acquisition of territory by force is inadmissible, as per the UN Charter and international law, and that the Geneva Conventions Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949) apply to Israel’s occupation of the Golan Heights, the Security Council decides that Israel’s decision to impose its laws on the Golan Heights is null and void and without international legal affect, and demands that Israel rescind its decision immediately.
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"Reaffirming that the acquisition of territory by force is inadmissible, in accordance with the United Nations Charter, the principles of international law, and relevant Security Council resolutions,
1. Decides that the Israeli decision to impose its laws, jurisdiction and administration in the occupied Syrian Golan Heights is null and void and without international legal effect; 3. Determines that all the provisions of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War of 12 August 1949 continue to apply to the Syrian territory occupied by Israel since June 1967;" |
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| Resolution 592 (8 December 1986) -- Reaffirms Geneva Conventions (1949) is applicable to occupied territories, strongly deplores Israeli Army killing Palestinian students, calls upon Israel to release persons detained in incident at Bir Zeit Univ. as per Geneva Conventions (1949).
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"1. Reaffirms that the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, is applicable to the Palestinian and other Arab territories occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem;
2. Strongly deplores the opening of fire by the Israeli army resulting in the death and the wounding of defenceless students; 3. Calls upon Israel to abide immediately and scrupulously by the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949; 4. Further calls upon Israel to release any person or persons detained as a result of the recent events at Bir Zeit University in violation of the above-mentioned Geneva Convention;" |
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| Resolution 605 (22 December 1987) -- Deplores actions of Israel which interferes with Middle East peace, violates Palestinian human rights, including killing defenseless Palestinian civilians, reaffirms Geneva Conventions (1949) is applicable to Israeli occupation, and calls upon Israel to quit its violations of Geneva Conventions (1949).
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"Bearing in mind the inalienable rights of all peoples recognized by the Charter of the United Nations and proclaimed by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 2/
Recalling also the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949,3/ 1. Strongly deplores those policies and practices of Israel, the occupying Power, which violate the human rights of the Palestinian people in the occupied territories, and in particular the opening of fire by the Israeli army, resulting in the killing and wounding of defenceless Palestinian civilians; 2. Reaffirms that the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, is applicable to the Palestinian and other Arab territories occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem; 3. Calls once again upon Israel, the occupying Power, to abide immediately and scrupulously by the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, and to desist forthwith from its policies and practices that are in violation of the provisions of the Convention;" |
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| Resolution 607 (5 January 1988) -- Reaffirms Geneva Conventions (1949) applies to the Israeli occupation, and calls upon Israel to stop deportations as per Geneva Conventions (1949).
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"Having been apprised of the decision of Israel, the occupying Power, to "continue the deportation" of Palestinian civilians in the occupied territories,
Recalling the Geneva Convention relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war, of 12 August 1949, and in particular articles 47 and 49 of same, 1. Reaffirms once again that the Geneva Convention relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war, of 12 August 1949, is applicable to Palestinian and other Arab territories, occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem, 2. Calls upon Israel to refrain from deporting any Palestinian civilians from the occupied territories; 3. Strongly requests Israel, the occupying Power, to abide by its obligation arising from the Convention;" |
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| Resolution 672 (12 October 1990) -- Reaffirming UN Security Council Resolutions 242 & 338 and Geneva Conventions (1949) is applicable to Israeli occupation, expresses alarm at Holy Places violence on 8 October, especially violence by Israeli army, and calls on Israel to obey Geneva Conventions (1949). Adopted unanimously.
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"Reaffirming that a just and lasting solution to the Arab-Israeli conflict must be based on its resolutions 242 (1967) and 338 (1973) through an active negotiating process which takes into account the right to security for all States in the region, including Israel, as well as the legitimate political rights of the Palestinian people,
1. Expresses alarm at the violence which took place on 8 October at the Al Haram al Shareef and other Holy Places of Jerusalem resulting in over twenty Palestinian deaths and to the injury of more than one hundred and fifty people, including Palestinian civilians and innocent worshippers; 2. Condemns especially the acts of violence committed by the Israeli security forces resulting in injuries and loss of human life; 3. Calls upon Israel, the occupying Power, to abide scrupulously by its legal obligations and responsibilities under the Fourth Geneva Convention, which is applicable to all the territories occupied by Israel since 1967;" |
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| Resolution 681 (20 December 1990) -- Reaffirming applicability of Geneva Conventions (1949) to Israeli occupation, and expressing concern over Israeli violation of UN Security Council Resolutions 672 & 673, and continuing deportation of Palestinians, requests high contracting party to the Geneva Conventions (1949) to get Israel to respect and accept Geneva Conventions (1949) in their occupation and to meet with ICRC to consider how to enforce this. Requests Secretary-General to monitor situation of Palestinian civilians in occupation Adopted unanimously.
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"Recalling its resolutions 607 (1988), of 5 January 1988, 608 (1988), of 14 January 1988, 636 (1989) of July 1989 and 641 (1989) of 30 August 1989, and alarmed by the decision of the Government of Israel to deport four Palestinians from the occupied territories in contravention of its obligations under the Fourth Geneva Convention, of 1949,
3. Deplores the decision by the Government of Israel, the occupying Power, to resume deportations of Palestinian civilians in the occupied territories; 4. Urges the Government of Israel to accept de jure applicability of the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949, to all the territories occupied by Israel since 1967, and to abide scrupulously by the provisions of the said Convention; 5. Calls upon the high contracting parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 to ensure respect by Israel, the occupying Power, for its obligations under the Convention in accordance with article 1 thereof; 6. Requests the Secretary-General, in co-operation with the International Committee of the Red Cross, to develop further the idea expressed in his report of convening a meeting of the high contracting parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention and to discuss possible measures that might be taken by them under the Convention and for this purpose to invite these parties to submit their views on how the idea could contribute to the goals of the Convention, as well as on other relevant matters, and to report thereon to the Council;" |
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| Resolution 694 (24 May 1991) -- Declares Israel in violation of Geneva Conventions (1949) and relevant UN Security Council Resolution as it deports more Palestinians, and implores Israel to return the deportees immediately.
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"Having learned with deep concern and consternation that Israel has, in violation of its obligations under the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949, and acting in opposition to relevant Security Council resolutions, and to the detriment of efforts to achieve a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the Middle East, deported four Palestinian civilians on 18 May 1991,
1. Declares that the action of the Israeli authorities of deporting four Palestinians on 18 May is in violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949, which is applicable to all the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem;" |
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| Resolution 799 (18 December 1992) -- Strongly condemns Israeli violation of Geneva Conventions (1949), reaffirming applicability of Geneva Conventions (1949) to Israeli occupation, as well as respect for independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Lebanon, demands Israeli return immediately the deportees to their homes.
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"Having learned with deep concern that Israel, the occupying Power, in contravention of its obligations under the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949, deported to Lebanon on 17 December 1992, hundreds of Palestinian civilians from the territories occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem,
1. Strongly condemns the action taken by Israel, the occupying Power, to deport hundreds of Palestinian civilians, and expresses its firm opposition to any such deportation by Israel; 2. Reaffirms the applicability of the Fourth Geneva Convention of 12 August 1949 to all the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem, and affirms that deportation of civilians constitutes a contravention of its obligations under the Convention;" |
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