As we have studied, when the subjects in the main clause and in the subordinate clause are the same, the subordinate clause can take the reduced form by

1. Keep the connector, and change the form of the verb in the subordinate clause into Ving, Having V3, Being V3 or V3. OR
2. Omit the connector, and change the form of the verb in the subordinate clause into Ving, Having V3, Being B3 or V3.

The reduced clause (if the connector is to be kept) and the participial phrase (if the connector is to be omitted, leaving only the verbs in the said forms) can introduce the main clause or follow the main clause. The position of the reduced clause depends on the meaning of the sentence.

1. If the subordinate clause causes the verb in the main clause to happen or happens before the verb in the main clause, it is pretty obvious that the reduced adverb clause should appear before the main clause (beginning position).

1.1 After much researching in newspapers and online, John ended up in a studio in the china town area.
1.2 Longing to see his long lost friend, Brenda, John took the first flight to florida to meet her.

2. If, however, the verb in the subordinate clause happens after or results from the verb in the main clause, then the reduced adverb clause should come after the main clause (final position).
2.1 The plane developed engine trouble, crashing into a remote site.

When the reduced adverb clause appears in the final position, students often forget to change the form of the verb in the reduced adverb clause into Ving, Having V3, Being V3, or V3. Look at the following examples:

1. Blanche and Stella arrives unexpectedly, carried all that she owns.

...., carries all that she owns? XXX
..., carrying all that she owns? ///

=> Blanche and Stella arrives unexpectedly, carrying all that she owns <=

2. Stanley initially distrusts Blanche, thinks that she swindled him.

..., thinking that she swindled him? ///
..., thoughts that she swindled him?XXX

=>Stanley initially distrusts Blanche, thinking that she swindled him.<=

3. Blanche's numerous affairs destroyed her reputation, lead to her loss of her job.

..., led to her loss of job? XXX
..., leading to her loss of job.///

=>Blanche's numerous affairs destroyed her reputation, leading to her loss of her job.<=

Points to remember:

a. There is one subject and one predicatein a sentence.
b. In the predicate, there is one finite verb. Another verbs, if any, have to become non-finite verbs, which takes the Ing, Having V3, Being V3, or V3 form.
c. Remember that when dealing with a verb, s-v agreement counts. Be sure to change the form of the verb according to the subject and the time that the subject does the action.