Many species migrate, or move from one habitat area to another. They do so to feed, breed, or escape climate changes like freezing winters. Some, like northern elephant seals, need different types of habitats: deep, cold ocean waters for feeding, and warm beaches for breeding. Others live only in one type of habitat, like the band-tailed pigeon, which inhabits woodlands. Most birds migrate, but so do some species of bats, butterflies, whales, eels, and earthworms—and lots of others! Migrating animals may travel just a short distance or thousands of miles to make their annual journeys, and need habitats located in different places as well as passageways in between. Wildlife refuges often serve as stepping-stones, providing a safe stopover during their journeys.