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What's The Minimum Needed To Mount A Drive?
Setting Up Doublespace Or Drivespace for use.
Contents of the DBLSPACE.INI file.
Command Line Control Of Doublespace/Drivespace
Creating A Doublespace Or Drivespace Drive
Storing A Doublespace Or Drivespace File
Resizing A Doublespace Or Drivespace File

 

What's The Minimum Needed?

      Doublespace or Drivespace is a single file (dblspace.000 or drvspace.000 respectively) that is presented as a hard drive. The minimum components are:
dblspace.bin
dblspace.000
dblspace.ini

      The dblspace.000 is the Compressed Volume File (CVF) and can be on any drive. This file could be dblspace.001 or another number up to 009, if it will not be taking over the drive letter of the host drive. The above are for Doublespace where the C drive is compressed.

      Replace dblspace with drvspace if you are running Drivespace. The dblspace.bin and dblspace.ini must be in the root of the boot drive (real C drive). The dblspace.ini contains the location (drive letter) of the CVF. If these are correct, the CVF will automatically be mounted when the computer boots, whether by floppy disk boot or by making the real C drive bootable. If the drive is bootable, the only files needed are:
io.sys
msdos.sys
dblspace.bin
dblspace.000
dblspace.ini

      Although command.com may be here also, it is not required here, nor would it be found here once the drive mounts. The command.com file must be on the compressed drive. If not, you will get a request for the location of the command processor when you boot.

      The dblspace.bin is loaded by the IO.SYS if the dblspace.ini gives the correct instructions. This will use about 50kb of memory. Since this is loaded before any config.sys file drivers are loaded, it will be in Conventional Memory. In the config.sys file you have all of the normal commands to load devices that you would without compression. By adding the line:
device=dblspace.sys /move
the dblspace.bin is moved into high memory. The dblspace.sys file is normally located in C:\DOS\ for MS-DOS 6.x, and in C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\ for Windows 9.x. Note: this line can be devicehigh=dblspace.sys /move to try to load it to high memory. When you start the computer, Doublespace is among the first loaded in memory. The /MOVE relocates it behind other devices, as some programs might not get along with it at the beginning. This can usually free up enough Conventional Memory for most programs to run. This, of course, depends on the total memory requirements of all of the devices loaded. Loading it high may cause other devices to load Low, resulting in less Conventional Memory free. You still have the extra 50kb used whether in High Memory or Conventional Memory. There are Third-Party Memory Managers, such as Quarterdeck's QEMM, which move this dblspace.bin to other memory on the computer so it seems to use virtually no memory. This is referred to as "Stealth Memory".


 

Setting Up Doublespace/Drivespace

Doublespace uses the following files:
c:\dblspace.bin
c:\dos\dblspace.exe
c:\dos\dblspace.hlp
c:\dos\dblspace.inf
c:\dos\dblspace.sys
c:\dos\dblwin.hlp

Drivespace uses the following files:
c:\drvspace.bin
c:\dos\drvspace.exe
c:\dos\drvspace.hlp
c:\dos\drvspace.inf
c:\dos\drvspace.sys
c:\dos\dblwin.hlp

      Additionally, many of these programs operations call up SCANDISK.EXE, which must also be installed.

      If you do not yet have Doublespace or Drivespace set up, at the DOS prompt type:
dblspace
or, if you are using Drivespace,
drvspace

      Note: that if you do this, the program will want to run tests on your system. This could take a while as it will run Scandisk. For security, I recommend going through this process if you are a novice. However, if you create a dblspace.ini file, you can move directly into setting up drives and/or working with CVF's. If there are defects on your drive, you could lose data in the CVF. But if you are sure your system is fine, you can use this method to speed things up.

      Note: MS-DOS 6.x Doublespace and Drivespace have a maximum capacity of 512mb. If you do not have a hard drive smaller than that, the program will not set up. In that case, you will have to manually set it up by creating a dblspace.ini file.
 
The dblspace.ini file can have the following lines in it:

AutoMount=0This allows removable drives to automatically mount when a CVF is on the disk. Options are 0 (off) and 1 (on).
FirstDrive=RDrive letters are reserved for Doublespace/Drivespace use. This specifies the first letter to reserve. I specified R drive here.
LastDrive=RThe Last letter of a range to reserve. The maximum number of compressed drives you can simultaneously use is determined by the number of letters (between FirstDrive and LastDrive) reserved. Reserved letters cannot be used by CDROM's, Networks or ZIP Drives.
MaxRemovableDrives=1You may have both an A and a B drive. In that case the number would be 2. This may also relate to ZIP drives. It allows detection for mounting CVF's on removable disks.
MaxFileFragments=100This number will be adjusted by the program. It refers to the allowable fragmentation of the drive.
ActivateDrive=R,C1This line is optional. When the computer starts, CVF's listed here will be automatically mounted. You need a separate line for each CVF that you want mounted when the computer boots.

The R is the new drive letter to assign. This must be a letter within the FirstDrive/LastDrive range.

C is the drive letter of the drive where the CVF is located.

1 is the last number in the extension of the CVF. This can be 0 for a file with an 000 extension and up to 9 for a CVF with a 009 extension.


      This should make the program accessible so you can create or access compressed drives. Note that whether or not you have any compressed drives mounted, the drive will be loaded in memory, using about 50kb of your RAM Memory. While turned on, this will allow you to create, mount and handle Compressed Volume Files on floppy disk, ZIP disks, as well as CVF's you may have on the hard drive.

      Note that in the above example, the letter R is reserved for the CVF's. You can specify any letter not used by a hard drive. You can also specify a range of up to 5 letters. This will allow up to 5 CVF's to be mounted simultaneously.

If it works you will want to add the line:

DEVICEHIGH=C:\DOS\DBLSPACE.SYS /MOVE
to the end of your CONFIG.SYS file. This can free up conventional memory. Since Doublespace/Drivespace loads before the CONFIG.SYS file loads, it uses CONVENTIONAL MEMORY. This line moves it into HIGH MEMORY.

 

Command Line Control Of Doublespace/Drivespace

      Once the dblspace.ini is set up to load the Doublespace Driver, you can control most functions by DOS Commands. This allows you to create Batch Files to perform operations for you.

The commands are:

DBLSPACE /AUTOMOUNT=0|1
DBLSPACE /COMPRESS drive: [/F] [/NEWDRIVE=drive2:] [/RESERVE=size]
DBLSPACE /CREATE drive: [/F] [/NEWDRIVE=drive2:] [/RESERVE=size]
DBLSPACE /DEFRAGMENT [/F] [drive:]
DBLSPACE /DELETE drive:
DBLSPACE /FORMAT drive:
DBLSPACE drive: /HOST=drive2:
DBLSPACE /INFO drive:
DBLSPACE /LIST
DBLSPACE /MOUNT[=sss] [drive: | /ALL]
DBLSPACE /SIZE[size | RESERVE=size] [drive:]
DBLSPACE /UNCOMPRESS drive:
DBLSPACE /UNMOUNT drive:
AUTOMOUNT
This option has two choices:
DBLSPACE /AUTOMOUNT=0
or
DBLSPACE /AUTOMOUNT=1
It modifies the AutoMount= line of the dblspace.ini file. Selecting 1 causes automatic mounting of a compressed drive when it is detected. If you Doublespace a floppy disk, when you put the disk in the drive, the CVF will automatically be mounted. If you set the value to 0, you will have to mount the CVF each time you put the disk in if you want to access it.
COMPRESS
This converts an existing drive (floppy or hard drive) to a compressed drive. The drive letter you convert will be the compressed drive.
DBLSPACE /COMPRESS A:
will create a compressed file dblspace.000 on the floppy disk in drive A and Mount it. The actual Drive A will become Drive R (the letter I have specified in the dblspace.ini file). Options: /F /NEWDRIVE= /RESERVE=
CREATE
will create a compressed file dblspace.001 on the hard disk specified and mount it. The Compressed Drive will be assigned the drive letter specified by /NEWDRIVE= or the next available letter if none is specified.
DBLSPACE /CREATE C: /NEWDRIVE=F /RESERVE=300
This would create a new drive as letter F. If the hard drive has 512mb, a 212mb compressed drive will be created. You can't specify the size of the drive directly. you can only specify the RESERVE=.
Options: /F /NEWDRIVE= /RESERVE=
DEFRAGMENT
This works the same as DEFRAG. But this is compatible with the compressed drive. Type:
DBLSPACE /DEFRAGMENT A:
to defragment a mounted A drive CVF. Option: /F
DELETE
Unmounts the CVF then deletes it. You will be warned so you can chicken out.
FORMAT
Format's the Mounted Compressed drive. It will remain mounted and will be empty. You will be warned so you can chicken out.
HOST
This allows you to change the letter used by the host of a compressed drive. The letter you assign must be within those reserved by the dblspace.ini file. You have two options to use:
DBLSPACE C: /HOST=G:
will change the letter for C drive's host to G, if that is available. If F is the current letter for the host, you could also use:
DBLSPACE F: /HOST=G:
This only works for fixed drives. Also the changes don't take effect until you restart the computer. This modifies the dblspace.ini file.
INFO
This show stats on the Compressed drive specified. If no drive is specified, the current drive is examined. Type:
DBLSPACE /INFO A:
LIST
This switch will display all drives on the computer reporting free space, total size, type media, available Doublespace Drive Letters and Host Drive Letters for mounted drives. Type:
DBLSPACE /LIST
MOUNT
This mounts a CVF. If you type:
DBLSPACE /MOUNT
this will mount a dblspace.000 file on the drive you are on. If the extension is 001 through 009 you must specify the extension. Type:
DBLSPACE /MOUNT=001
to mount c:\dblspace.001. If you are on another drive, you must include the drive letter where the file is located. Type:
DBLSPACE /MOUNT=001 A:
Adding the switch /NEWDRIVE= you can assign the drive letter for the compressed drive. Type:
DBLSPACE /MOUNT=001 A: /NEWDRIVE=G:
This will assign G as the Drive letter. Another option mounts all CVF's it finds. Type:
DBLSPACE /MOUNT /all
This saves you having to mount each drive. But, then you don't have control over the letters assigned to each drive.
SIZE
adjusts the size of the CVF. Type:
DBLSPACE /SIZE=1.0 A:
This will adjust the CVF on the host drive (which is A drive) to 1mb. You can, instead, specify the free space you want the Host Drive to have by typing:
DBLSPACE /RESERVE=.5 A:
This would leave about 500kb free on the floppy disk.
UNCOMPRESS
This can be a slow process. Files on the compressed drive are moved to the host drive. Then the CVF is reduced in size as much as possible. Then the process repeats until all of the files are moved to the host drive. This cannot be done if the files cannot fit on the host drive. For my example you would type:
DBLSPACE /UNCOMPRESS A:
to make the disk in A drive non-compressed.
UNMOUNT
Typing:
DBLSPACE /UNMOUNT
the drive you are on (if it is a compressed drive) will be unmounted. Or you can type:
DBLSPACE /UNMOUNT A:
if Drive a were the compressed drive you wanted to unmount.
OPTIONAL SWITCHES:
/F
Closes the Graphic Screen when the operation is finished.
/NEWDRIVE=
Sets the drive letter to assign the host drive if the file has an 000 extension. If the CVF has a 001 to 009 extension, this specifies the Compressed Drive's letter.
/RESERVE=
The amount of space, in Megabytes, to leave uncompressed on the host drive.


 

STORING A DOUBLESPACE OR DRIVESPACE FILE

      The program will create a file named dblspace.000 through dblspace.009 if the program is DOS 6.0 though DOS 6.20 or Windows 95a, and drvspace.000 through drvspace.009 if the program is DOS 6.22 or Windows 95b and later. When unmounted it is just a file. The program hides the files by adding the R,H and S attributes.

      You can copy these files to a subdirectory for storage. If the CV file is dblspace.001, you could copy it to c:\games\game-01.dbl. Now you can delete the files on the mounted drive and put a different game on the compressed drive. Unmount the drive with the new game on it and store it as c:\games\game-02.dbl.

      Keeping track of which game is on which file, you can copy the file you want to the root as dblspace.001. Now mount the drive to run that game or program stored on it.

      After you have created the Compressed drive the file will use about half of the size the file actually is. After you load the game files you can reduce the size to what the game needs. If you store that game in this compressed state you would like it to uses the least space on your drive.


 

Creating A Compressed RAMDISK with DOS 6.0 & 6.2

      If you are running DOS 6.0 or 6.20, after you have a Ramdisk set up, you can create a Doublespace disk. First you must have Doublespace loaded. You can type DBLSPACE at the DOS Prompt to call up the Doublespace Utility. If it is not set up you will be prompted to do so. I recommend against that. The program will create a Compressed volume on your hard disk and take some time doing it. It must test the drive first. Depending on the size of you hard disk that might take an hour.

      Instead, In your C:\ directory you should find the file DBLSPACE.BIN. You will have to type:

dir *.* /a
to see it. If the file DBLSPACE.INI exists then Doublespace has already been set up. If all that works you can create the Compressed Volume File for your game.
      While these disks may report a capacity twice what the disk space they use is, that depends on how compressible the game or program files are. The process can be time consuming as well. If you create a compressed file on a hard disk or floppy, it will test the disk first. If you are doing this it is best to Defrag the drive first. This allows the file to be in one continuous space on the drive. This speeds the access to the file for reading and writing. It also protects the file from cross linking.

      You can create a CVF (Compressed Volume File) on a Ramdisk quickly. Once created you can copy the unmounted file to a hard disk. Again, the disk should be Defragmented first. You can Change the size of the file once it is on the Hard drive. This is usually much faster than creating a large Compressed disk on the hard drive. Since the Ramdisk is so fast (and empty), the whole process can take less than a minute.

1)At the DOS Prompt type DBLSPACE and press Enter. The program will search all drives for existing DOUBLESPACE files. It will then display what files are loaded, if any.
2)Press the the Alt Key then select Compress.
3)Select Create New Drive from the menu.
4)Move to the line with the drive letter for the Ramdisk and press Enter.
5)With the Arrow Keys move to the line that says "free space to leave on" (and the Drive letter of the Ramdisk),
6)Press Enter. 2.00 will be highlighted. Change that to .13 then press Enter.
7)Select continue and press Enter.
8)Press C to create the new drive. After the drive is created the screen returns with the new drive mounted.
9)Press the Alt Key Then D and X to exit the program.

DOS 6.22

      With DOS 6.22, it is called Drivespace. Use the same procedure as for DOS 6.0 & 6.2 substituting the word DRVSPACE for DBLSPACE.

 

WINDOWS 95

      Windows 95a uses Doublespace although the program is called Drivespace. With Windows 95 you create the disk and mount it within Windows. Unfortunately, if the game can only run in a DOS environment, there is no way to mount the drive in DOS to allow you to access to the compressed drive outside of Windows. The only way would be to automount the drive at boot. This could be accomplished with Boot Icons and Batch files.

NOTE: A DBLSPACE.INI file will be created and hidden. Unless you have permanent Doublespace Drives set up, I recommend deleting this file as I sometimes get errors with it loaded. Windows 95 will be able to load the Doublespace files with out this file. It is created when you compress, mount or resize a drive.

      If you choose to delete the file you might prefer to make a copy of it first. I change the INI to INN.
First remove the Attributes by typing:
ATTRIB -R -S -H C:\DBLSPACE.INI
then press Enter.

To copy the DBLSPACE.INI file type:
COPY C:\DBLSPACE.INI C:\DBLSPACE.INN
then press Enter.

To delete the DBLSPACE.INI file, you will have to remove the attributes as shown above. Next type:
DEL DBLSPACE.INI
and press Enter.

      To add the Attributes change the Minus sign to a Plus sign. Windows will automatically hide the file if it updates the file.

      You can adjust the doublespace file down in size to the minimum you need for the game. Then copy the compressed file to the hard drive or a zip disk for storage. When you want to run the game, copy the file to the Ramdisk then mount the Doublespace file. You can save several different games in separate Doublespace files such as DBLSPACE.001, DBLSPACE.002 etc. Then you can load the game you want when you want to play it.



 

RESIZING A DOUBLESPACE OR DRIVESPACE FILE

      If you resize a compressed file on a hard drive or floppy drive, it can be a time consuming process. If you keep in mind that it is a file, you can speed up the process.

Using A Ramdisk To Resizing A Doublespace Or Drivespace File

      If you have a game that uses 15mb and you load it on Doublespaced Ramdisk, you'll have 30 to 40 mb free space on the drive and if you store the Compressed Volume File (CVF) the game will need 33mb of disk space. You can reduce the size of the file to fit the game. That way the 15 mb game will only need 8 to 12mb of disk space.

      Depending on how many files and directories the game uses and how often you play it there are a couple of methods for storing it.

1.If the game is over 32mb in size you would have to use a Doublespaced Ramdisk to play it. So, the easiest way is to save the CVF when your not playing it. You can use batch files to load the game when you want to play, and save the game when you quit.
2.If the game has a lot of subdirectories and/or files even if it is small it would be easier to handle one CVF than loading the files and subdirectories on the Ramdisk. I would use Doublespace for this type of game also.
3.If the game has relatively few files and/or directories or you want the minimum storage space you can get when your not playing the game, use the PKZIP and PKUNZIP utilities to store the game files. You can use the same batch file for this.
 

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Updated August 20, 2002
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