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Reverse Launching remarks and technique 

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Pierre Boujiloux

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¡@ Reverse launching: professional procedure or showing off. Pierre Boullloux takes us back to basics and describes the most efficient way of inflating in the reverse launch position. 

Reverse launch: everyone talks about it, many try it but very few go to the trouble of learning how to do it correctly causing quite a lot of incidents during takeoff. This is a shame for a method which, if properly applied, definitely improves efficie cy and safety in certain wind conditions. 

As much as inflating and controlling in the reverse position is useful in certain cases, taking off without turning back round (staying facing the canopy) is more like a circus act with the obvious risks that it entails, and isn't of the slighte t interest or advantage. 

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Reverse launch is only really worthwhile if the whole of the manoeuvre (from inflation to takeoff) is carried out without letting go of the brakes. In fact letting go of the controls, no matter how briefly, means there'll be a moment when you wo 't be able to react, thus endangering you in case of a sudden gust of wind. Taken unaware and off-balance you might not be able to get hold of the controls... which, according to Murphy's law, will have become tangled in the lines, bringing about a new re ease in the first moments of flying. Chillug! 

¡@ 

This tried and tested technique, has decisive advantages in certain terrain and wind conditions: more power and ease to resist the wind, better visual control, easier pre-inflation, less risk of lines catching on twigs etc. On the other hand, th reverse launch in nil or very light wind is totally useless. 

¡@How's it done? 

(1)Spread out your canopy as usual and put your harness on without getting hold of the controls. Then turn round to face the canopy. It's important to always turn in the same direction since in this way it becomes automatic, eliminating any risk of twi t should you turn the wrong way. When you do your U-turn to face your canopy, lift the lines up high so they don't get caught on the harness. 

(2)Move closer to the canopy. The risers hang down loosely with the carabiners bent forward. Make sure that there are no twists. 

(3)Grasp the controls in the simplest way: right hand, right control; left hand, left control. 

(4)Move backwards a few steps until the lines become slightly taut (the risers crossed). Grasp the front risers, without letting go of the controls and without crossing your arms. This means: in your right hand, the front riser going to your right (tow rds the left half of the wing), in your left hand the front riser going to your left (to the right half of the wing). Are you with me? 

(5)As soon as the wind seems OK to you, inflate decisively, taking two steps backwards with your elbows bent. Too soft an inflation may bring about lateral imbalance of the canopy. If the canopy goes up askew, stop pulling straight away and brake to br ng it back down on the ground arid ready for another try. Pre--inflation of the canopy should ensure that the next inflation will go without a hitch. 

(6)Let go of the front risers, controlling if need be and turn back round the other way than at the start (clockwise this time if you turned anti-clockwise at the beginning) and then take off in the classic way. 

With some training you can manage to continue controlling the wing during the U-turn. In the beginning it's best to do it quickly. If the wing becomes unbalanced during or just after the turn round, don't think twice about turning back round to ace the canopy again. If this happens brake to bring the canopy back down symmetrically to the ground again before starting again. 

¡@ It's up to you now to find some time for one or two inflation sessions. The only difficulty stems from the fact that the control reflexes are reversed due to the fact that you're facing the canopy. A bit of training is all that's needed. Quickly your actions will become precise and you'll experience the pleasurable feeling of mastering your canopy. You'll be a lot safer then as well. Practice as much as you can to sharpen your reflexes. And if you can't get the hang of it, don't worry it's not th t important! If that's the case, concentrate on your conventional technique and watch out in strong or erratic winds. 

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Back to Top


AIRWAVE ÄvÁɳÊXXX¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U (­^¤å Offer by ®g¤â)

OWNER'S MANUAL

Welcome to the family of Airwave pilots.
Congratulations on your purchase of this new Airwave product and we wish you many hours of enjoyable flying on your new Airvvave xxx.

Since 1979 Airwave has been at the forefront of design and production of hang gliding & paragliding equipment and our performance products have consistently produced top level results for pilots who aim for the best.
In 1997, John Pendry won the world championship on the early XXX prototypes and Peter Brinkeby was the vice worldcup champion on the same glider. Airwave's strength lies in the quality of its products which combine the knowledge acquired from years of design experience with modern materials to produce the standard of performance and reliability that our customers know and expect. All Airwave products are developed an4 made with the same skill and attention to detail that are synonymous with the performance and precision demanded by airsports

The XXX is part of the wide range of Airwave flying equipment.

SECTION A: INTRODUCTION and DATA

We recommend the XXX( for all paraglider pilots, who appreciate a paraglider that transmits the impression of dynamic flight, that motivates you to go XC and, if you are capable of it, helps you win many competitions.
The pilot of the XXX should have at least one year of flying experience and has to be familiar with the technique of active paraglider piloting. The XXX has an unusually high degree of passive security for its class combined with high performance and an exceptionally high usable speed range. The handling of the XXX is perfectly balanced and direct. The XXX follows without hesitating every centimeter of pilot input and flies a turn with exactly the bank angle required. To feel the dynamic flying characteristics of the XXX is pure enjoyment!

Specifications XXX small XXX medium XXX large XXX xtra large
Area (projected) 20.8 rn2 22.57 m2 24.41 rn2 26.33 rn2
Area (flat) 23.59 m: 25.6 m2 27.69 na2 29.86 rn2
Aspect Ratio (flat) 6 6 6 6
Span (projected) 9.74 m 10.15 m 10.56 m 10.96m
Span (flat) 11.9 m 12.4 m 12.9 m 13.39 m
Root cord 2.5 m 2.6 m 2.7 m 2.81 m
Cells 75 75 75 75
Number of lower lines 11 11 11 11
Total line length 337m 351m 368m 380m
Certified weight range 65-85 kg 80-100kg 95-115 kg 105-130 kg
Minimum speed 20 km/h 20 km/h 20 km/h 20 km/h
Trim speed 39km/h 39km/h 39km/h 39km/h
Maximum speed 63 km/h 63 km/h 63 km/h 63 km/h
weight (excl. bag) 6.2 kg 6.5 kg 6.7 kg 7.1 kg
DHV certification* 2-3 2-3 2-3
AFNOR certification Comp. Comp. Comp.
Cloth 44gm-2 6.6 ripstop nylon
Lines uppers/mid 1.1 mm dyneema.
Lines lowers 1.8mm HMA (Illigh Molecular Aramid).

Not yet completed ?
Flight operations must be limited to non-aerobatic manoeuvres.

This paraglider must not:
I) be flown with more than the maximum certified payload.
2) have its trim speed adjusted by changing the length of risers or lines.
3) exceed 60 degrees of bank angle left or right to the horizon.
4) be fitted with auxiliary power unless designed, installed and tested by the factory, or authorised
dealer.
5) be flown in rain or snow.
6) be towed with a tow line tension in excess of 100 kg.f

It is your dealer's responsibility to test fly the paraglider before you receive it. The test flight record of this is at the back of this manual. Please be sure that this has been completed by your dealer to prove that he has done this. Failure to test fly a new paraghder may invalidate any guarantee.

SECTION B: TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Even though the XXX has very forgiving flying characteristics it 'is required that its pilot be familiar with the technique of active paraglider piloting. If this is not the case flying the XXX, just like flying any other aircraft which is not properly controlled by its pilot, is dangerous.

Many years of experience and extensive research and development work with constant refinement of the wing have resulted in a paraglider that is the best within its class. Airwave did not only concentrate on getting maximum performance in the design of the XXX, but also a maximum of safety and stability to achieve a wing, that is a real pleasure to fly with forgiving handling. To retain these optimum qualities of the XXX for many years the glider has to be treated properly and serviced regularly. Please read this manual careflilly and follow the instructions thoroughly.

Airwave Technology

Computer design
Airwaves sophisticated paraglider design program 'Son of Merlin' has been used to develop the sailcut of the XXX. This sailcut is reproduced with highest precision in the production of every single XXX.

Wing Section
The wing sections of the XXX have been designed and approved by Airwave in theory and by extensive flight tests. Different sections along the span of the wing guarantee optimum lift distribution. This is one of the reasons for the XXX'S very well balanced combination of performance and stability.
Arched diagonal ribs
Every third rib in the XXX is supported by the arched diagonal ribs. Airwave's unique arch system gives the optimum amount of support to the top surface of the ghder whilst maxitnising the free space within the glider to allow fast reopening in case of a collapse. The arches also reduce the overall weight of the diagonal ribs again improving the stability of the wing.

Modular-airflow system
The Modular-airflow system has been used on Airwave gliders for some years now. This form of ventilating the ribs reduces weight and promotes internal air movement within the wing.

Wing-flex speecisystem
Wing-flex speedsystem is a method of controlling the angle of attack of different parts of the wing when the accelerator is used. This is achieved by positioning the line attachment points in a special way. This gives the XXX pilot a large fully usable speedrange with increased stability.

Reinforcements
Thorough design and positioning of the reinforcements of the XXX not only ensures the structural strength of the wing in critical places but also plays an important role for easy inflation during take-off and helps fast reopening in case of deflations caused by turbulence.

Materials
The sail of the XXX is made of the highest quality 6.6 ripstop polyarnide cloth available. For the upper and lower surface a very durable 44 g.m-2 cloth with soft finish is used and for the load bearing ribs a 44 g.m-2 cloth with hard finish and excellent diagonal stability. Both these materials have a good life expectancy.

Line layout
The sophisticated design of the branching of the lines with only 11 lower lines per side and a very low total line length give the XXX a line layout which not only guarantees a paraglider with high structural strength, but excellent flying characteristics and ground handling. Drag is reduced to a minimum due to this line layout, combined with the use of diagonal ribs.

Risers
The XXX( has 4-branch risers that incorporate a very efficient speed system. Easy ground handling, capability to do B-line stalls, easy big ears and the possibility to steer the glider with the D-risers are all features of this riser system. The presstud on the D-riser/Acpul version is designed to aid inflation and ground handling and must be released during flight.

Brakes
The brake lines are attached to almost the whole span of the trailing edge. The definition and adjustment of the brake fan is designed in a way that the XXX has excellent handling in combination with mild brake pressure and practically no
spin tendency. The brake range is long, so that the XXX is forgiving even when the pilot is overreacting and pulling the brake too hard.

Material
The XXX uses a combination of 1.8 mm HMA-Line (High~Molecular-Aramid) as riser lines and
1.1 mm Dyneema-Lines as upper and intermediate lines with a breaking strength of 2OOdaN and
8OdaN respectively. This material combination guarantees high structural and bending strength as
well as an exactly defined elasticity.

Line check
All lines used by Airwave are prestretched and precisely cut and sewn to the defined length. A well documented final production control in which all line lengths of every single XXX that has been produced are measured is of course standard at Airwave.

In conclusion
Many months of extensive work have been spent by Airwave's research & development tearn, and competition team to create the XXX. Every single detail of the XXX has been designed thorouglily and with a lot of thought. Airwave has succeeded in creating a modern highly sophisticated wing, that will provide pilots many hours of enjoyable flying. The XXX pilot can fly his gilder with the very reassuring feeling of flying a paraglider with a high degree of stability that has been tested by the most experienced Airwave design team in the most extreme manoeuvres and certified to the highest existing world wide standards.

SECTION C: PREFLIGHT INSPECTION.
The XXX is designed to be as simple as possible to inspect and maintain but a thorough preflight procedure is mandatory on all aircraft. The following preflight inspection procedure should therefore he carried out before each flight.

I) Whilst opening out the paraglider check the outside of the canopy for any tears where it may have been caught on barbed wire or even damaged whilst in its bag.

2) Check that the lines are not twisted or knotted. Divide the suspension lines into eight groups, each group coming from one riser. By starting from the harness and running towards the canopy remove any tangles or twists in the lines. Partially inflating the canopy in the wind will help to sort out the lines.

3) It is particularly important that the brakes are clear and free to move.
Check the knot which attaches the brake handles to the brake lines, Several knots should not be used here or they may get entangled in the brake pulleys. Both brakes should be the same length and this can be checked by an assistant holding the upper end of the brake lines together, whilst the pilot holds the brake handles. The length of the brake lines should be such that they are just slack with the wing inflated when the brakes are not applied. Alter checking the brake lines lay them outermost on the ground.

4) Always check the buckles and attachments on the harness. Ensure the two main attachment maillon/karabiners from the harness to the main risers are tightly done up, as well as the eight shackles which attach the risers to the lines.

5) Before the pilot attaches himself to the harness he should be wearing a good crash helmet, flying suit and boots which provide ankle support. Put on the harness ensuring all the buckles are secure and properly adjusted for comfort. Your paraglider is now ready for flight.

SECTION D: FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS

This manual is not intended as an instruction book on how to fly the XXX - you should already be a qualified pilot or under suitable supervision - but the following comments describe how to get the best from your XXX.

1) Active Piloting
Active piloting is flying in harmony with your paraglider. This means not only guiding the glider through the air but also being aware of feedback from the wing, especially in thermals and turbulence. If the air is smooth the feedback can be minimal but in turbulence feedback is continuous and needs to be constantly assessed by the pilot through the brakes and the harness. Such reactions are instinctive in good pilots. Maintaining contact with the glider through pressure on the brakes is essential and allows the pilot to feel the loss of internal pressure which often precedes a collapse. The XXX is highly resistant to collapse without any pilot action at all, but learning how to fly actively will increase this safety margin even further.

2) Harness
Unless otherwise indicated the XXX has been tested using an Airwave Rap Air harness in its active cross braced format. This format provides stability for the pilot as well as allowing weight-shifting to turn. This system allows the pilot to alter the stability of the harness by adjusting the chest strap.
At its widest setting (hang points up to 55cm apart) the harness is very sensitive and provides the pilot with constant feedback from the wing. This may make the pilot feel a little insecure but is very good for weightshift steering. At the narrowest setting (with the hang points 24cm apart) the active cross-bracing stabilises the harness but weight shift steering is far less effective. We would not expect a high performance/ competition wing to be flown with the harness in its fully cross- braced format.
For the purposes of certification testing the harness is set so that the harness hang points are 42cm apart. (All hang point measurements are made to the centre of the maillons).

3) Take off
The XXX is easy to inflate in light or stronger winds and will quickly rise overhead to the flying position. The best inflation technique is to hold one A riser in each hand.

a) Nil wind - In nil or very light wind, stand with all the A lines taut behind you, then take one or two steps back (do not walk all the way back to the canopy) and then begin your launch run pulling gently and smoothly on the A risers. As soon as the canopy starts to rise off the ground stop pulling so hard on the A risers but pull all the risers evenly through the harness. Maintaining gentle pressure on the A risers always helps in very caltn conditions. Rave your hands ready to slow up the canopy with the brakes if it starts to accelerate past you.

b) Reverse Launch - In winds over 5km/hr it is probably better to do a reverse launch and inflate the canopy whilst facing it, using the A risers. The XXX has almost no tendency to overshoot, but releasing pressure on the A risers when the canopy has risen about 45 degree will help to prevent this. The stronger the wind and the greater the pressure on the A risers the more quickly the canopy will rise.

4) Turning
The XXX does not require a heavy-handed approach to manoeuvring. For a fast turn smoothly apply the brake on the side to which the turn is intended. The speed with which the brake is applied is very important. If a brake is applied fairly quickly the canopy will do a faster banking turn, but care must be taken not to bank too severely.
To attain a more efficient turn at minimum sink, apply some brake to the accelerating wing to slow the turn and prevent the wing from banking. The XXX flies very well like this, but care must be taken not to over-apply the brakes as a spin could result. The XXX will turn far more efficiently if the pilot weight-shifts into the turn in the harness.
Remember that violent brake application is dangerous and should always be avoided.

5) Straight Flight
The XXX( will fly smoothly in a straight line without any input from the pilot. With a pilot weight off 67 kg on the Medium XXX without the accelerator the flying speed will be approximately 37 km/h.

6) Thermaling
To attain the best climb rate the XXX should be thermalled using a mild turn, as described above, keeping the wing's banking to a minimum. In strong thermals a tighter banking turn can be used to stay closer to the thermal's core. Remember that weight shifting in the harness will aid the efficiency of the turn and reduce the amount of brake required.

Care must always be taken not to apply so much brake as to stall, this is however very easy to avoid as the brake pressure increases greatly as you approach the stall point. Only fly near the stall point if you have enough height to recover.

7) Wing Tip Area Reduction (Big Ears)
The spanwise tine layout allows the XXX to be 'big eared' easily. The big ear facility does not allow you to fly in stronger winds, but is a facility which allows the pilot to descend more quickly without substantially reducing the forward speed of the canopy.
To engage big ears the pilot will need to lean forward in the harness and grasp the tip A line (one in each hand) just above the shackle that it is attached to. It is easy to locate the tip A line as it is located on the small 'baby' A riser, which branches off from the main A riser about 15cm from the top of the riser. Always keep hold of both brake handles if possible. Pull the lines out and down at least 30cm so as to collapse the tips of the glider. It is very important that the other A lines are not affected when you do this as it could cause the leading edge to collapse. Steering is possible with big ears in by weightshifting, rather than using the brakes. To release big ears, simply release the tip A lines. If the big ears do not come out quickly on their own a pump on the brake will speed things up.
Before using the big ears facility in earnest it is essential to practice beforehand with plenty of ground clearance in case a leading edge collapse occurs. Always keep hold of both brakes in order to retain control. Putting your hands through the brake handles so they remain on your wrists is a good method of doing this.
As with all paragliders it is not recommended to do big ears close to the ground unless absolutely necessary.

8) B-Line Stall
This is a fast descent method and is a useful emergency procedure. With both hands through the brake handles, the pilot takes hold of the top of the B risers, one in each hand, and pulls them down by around 50cm. This will stall the canopy and forward speed will drop to zero. Make sure you have plenty of ground clearance because the descent rate can be over 10km/sec. To increase the descent rate pull harder on the B risers. When you release the B riser the canopy will automatically start flying again, normally within two seconds. Sometimes the canopy will turn gently when it exits from the B line stall. It is normally better to release the B riser fairly quickly as releasing slowly may result in the canopy entering deep stall. Always release the risers symmetrically as an asymmetric release from a B-line stall may result in the glider entering a spin. This manoeuvre is useful when you need to lose a lot of height quickly is necessary, perhaps when escaping from a thunderstorm. It should not be performed with less than 100m of ground clearance after the manoeuvre is completed. (See also Section E, part 1.)

9) Spiral Dive
A normal turn can be converted into a strong spiral dive by continuing to apply one brake. The bark angle and speed of the turn will increase as the downward spiral is continued. Be careful to enter the spiral gradually as too quick a brake application can cause a spin.
Care should be taken when exiting from a spiral dive. To pull out of a steep spiral dive always release the applied brake gradually, and normally the glider will exit from the spiral on its own. If this does not happen simply apply the opposite brake gently to pull the glider Out of the spiral. Any sharp brake movements can cause the glider to surge and dive as the wing converts speed to lift. Always be ready to damp out any potential dive with the brakes.
A spiral dive should not be confused with a spin.

10) Speed System
The XXX is sold with accelerator risers and a speed stirrup as standard but can be flown without the speed stirrup attached.
Launching and general flying is normally done without using the accelerator. The accelerator bar should be used when higher speed is important. A 70kg pilot on the Medium XXX should be able to reach a speed of 65 km/h using the accelerator system (Afnor's measurement). Maximum speed should only be used when you have more then 300 meters ground clearance and in very smooth air, the canopy is more susceptible to large deflations due to its low angle of attack, and recovery will take more height too. Glide angle is not as good at these higher speeds, so it is not the best way to race in thermic conditions. On a nil wind day, we recommend speed around 40-5Okm/h in thermal conditions to optimize your speed-to-fly and only use maximum speed when you race in to that goal line with sufficient height!
Using the stirrup can require some effort and the pilot's balance in the harness can be affected. It may be necessary to make some adjustments to the harness. Adopting a more upright flying position seems to be fairly common when pilots first use a stirrup; however this will increase drag, reducing flying speed, so it should be avoided if possible.

We recommend that you only fly in conditions where you can penetrate with the risers level so that you have the extra airspeed should you need it.
To fly at maximum speed the stirrup should be applied gradually until the upper pulley on the A riser butts against the pulley at the riser base.

IMPORTANT
* Do practice using the speed system in normal flying.
* Be caretul flying fast in rough or turbulent conditions as deflations are more likely to occur at speed. The increased speed is achieved by reducing the angle of attack. This means that the canopy will collapse more easily.
* Remember that your glide deteriorates at higher speeds. Best glides are achieved when the risers are level and the brakes are off
* Check the component parts at regular intervals for wear and tear and ensure that the system works smoothly.

11) Landing
Landing the XXX is very straightforward. Flare the XXX in the normal way from an altitude of around 2m when landing in light winds. It may sometimes help to take wraps on the brakes to make the flare more effective.
In flat calm, or if you are forced into landing with a slight tailwind, the 'swing through' technique may be used. Approach with a moderate amount of brake; then when still about lOm above the ground let the brakes right off, allowing the glider to gather speed and swing forward above you. Time your flare so that you pendulum forward and the glider swings back, converting its speed into lift, just as you touch down.
Strong wind landings require a different technique. If you use the brakes to flare in a strong wind the XXX tends to convert this to height. This can be a real problem.
The best method is to take hold of the C risers at the maillons just before landing, and collapse the canopy using these when you have landed. The glider will collapse very quickly using this method. The glider can also be collapsed using the D risers. This method has the added benefit that the glider can be steered using the rear risers but be caretul not to cause a prernature stall. Alter landing the B risers can also be used to collapse the canopy, although it is more difficult to control the collapsed canopy on the ground using this method.

SECTION E: RECOVERY TECHNIQUES

1) Stalls
These maneuvers are dangerous and should not be practiced in the course of normal flying. Stalls are caused through flying too slowly. Airspeed is lost as brake pressure increases and as the canopy approaches the stall it will start to descend vertically and finally begin to collapse. Should this occur it is important that the pilot release the brakes at the correct moment. The brakes should never be released when the wing has fallen behind the pilot. Also when releasing the brakes it is best not to release them too quickly. This is in order to prevent the forward surge of the canopy when it recovers from the stall. If you do release the brakes quickly you should brake the canopy strongly during the surge forward, to stop the dive.
All pilots who fly the XXX are advised never to attempt this maneuver uniess under SIV training. This manual is not provided to give instruction in this or any other area.

Deep Stall (or Parachutal)
The XXX has been designed so that it will not easily remain in a deep stall. However if the XXX is incorrectly rigged or its flying characteristics have been adversely affected by some other cause, it is possible that the paraglider could enter this situation. Therefore in the interests of safety all pilots should be aware of this problem, and know how to recover from it. The most common way to enter deep stall is from a mild stall, from a B line stall or even from big ears. When in deep stall the pilot will notice the following: -

i) Very low airspeed.
ii) Descent is almost vertical (like a round canopy) and is typically at around 5m/sec.
iii) The paraglider appears quite well inflated but does not have the I'll internal pressure. It therefore appears and feels a bit 'limp'.

Recovery from deep stall is quite simple.
The normal method is to pull gently on the A risers, about 5cm. This helps the airflow to re-attach to the leading edge, but care should be taken not to pull down too hard as this will induce a front collapse.
If the deep stall is particularly stubborn and the previous methods do not work, then a frill stall will solve the problem. To do this apply both brakes again fairly quickly, as if to do a strong stall, then immediately release both brakes and damp out the surge forward in the normal way. The canopy will collapse behind you then automatically reinflate and surge forward in front of the pilot before returning to normal flight. It is the surge forward that exits the canopy from deep stall.

2) Spin
This maneuver is dangerous and should not be practiced in the course of normal flying. Spins occur when the pilot tries to turn too fast.
In a spin the pilot, lines and canopy basically stay vertical and rotate around a vertical axis. The XXX will resist spinning, but if a spin is inadvertently induced the pilot should release the brake pressure but always be ready to damp out any dive as the glider exits the spin. If the pilot does not damp the dive on exiting the spin the glider may have an asymmetric deflation.

3) Asymmetric Front Deflation
The XXX is very resistant to deflation's: however if the canopy collapses on one side due to turbulence, first of all control the direction of flight by countering on the opposite brake, then pump the brake on the collapsed wing. The pumps on the brake should be long, strong, smooth and firm. Normally one or two pumps of around 60cm will be sufficient. Each pump should be applied in about one second and smoothly released. In severe cases it can be more effective to pump both brakes together to get the canopy to reinflate. Be careftul not to stall the wing completely if this technique is used.

4) Releasing a trapped tip
On the XXX it should be very difficult to trap a tip so that it will not come out quickly. However in extreme conditions all canopies can become tied up in their own tines following a very severe deflation. if this occurs then first of all use the standard method of recovery from a tip deflation as described in 3) above. if the canopy will still not recover then pull the rear risers to help the canopy to reinflate or even the B risers. Strong brake application will also help to release a trapped tip. A frill stall can also release a trapped tip but should only be tried as a last resort if a part of the wing becomes really knotted in the lines, and only if you have practiced the frill stall during SIV training. Recovery should only be attempted with sufficient height. if you are very low then it is much more important to steer the canopy into a safe landing place or even throw your reserve.

NOTE:
Test pilots have tested the XXX well beyond the normal flight envelope, but such tests are carried out in a very precise manner by trained test pilots with a back-up parachute, and over water. Stalls and spins on any paragliders are dangerous maneuvers and are not recommended.

SECTION F: STORAGE and SERVICING
1) Storage and Care

a) if you have to pack away your canopy wet, do not leave it for more than a few hours in that condition. As soon as possible dry out the canopy. Do not use direct heat sources to dry the canopy as it is inflarnrnable.

b) Always store the canopy in a dry warm place. Ideally this should be in the temperature range of 5 to 30 degrees centigrade.

c) Never let your canopy freeze, particularly if it is damp.

d) The XXX is made from high quality nylon which is treated against weakening from Ultra Violet radiation. However it is always wise to minirnise the exposure to U.V. radiation as this weakens the fabric of the canopy, and long exposure to harsh sunlight can severely compromise the safety of your canopy. Therefore once you have finished flying put away your canopy. Do not leave it lying in strong sunsItine unnecessarily.
if you are concerned about the strength of your paraglider please contact your nearest Airwave dealer or talk to Airwave direct.

e) Do not treat your canopy with chemical cleaners or solvents. if you must wash your chute use warm water and a little soap. if your canopy gets wet in sea water, wash it with warm water and careflilly dry it.
fi Small tears in the top or bottom surface (not normally the ribs) of a canopy can be repaired with a patch of self adhesive spirtriker nylon. Tears no longer than 100 mm can be repaired in this way providing they are not in a high stress area. if you have any doubt about the airworthiness of your canopy please contact your dealer or Airwave directly.

2) Servicing
tt is important to have your glider regularly serviced.
Your XXX should have a thorough check every year or every 100 flights, which ever is the earliest. Airwave offers an inspection service every winter. This is a comprehensive service which checks line lengths and strength, fabric porosity and tear strength and a variety of other tests and we strongiy advise all pilots to take advantage of this.
Please ensure you return this manual with your glider with the number of flights and hours flown written in the Certificate of Service (see page 16).

NB. The manufacturers will oniy accept responsibility for paraglider lines and repairs where the manufacturer has produced and fitted such lines or carried Out repairs.


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Learn more about paragliding and powered paragliding with these informative magazines, books, videos, posters,
and CD-ROM publications. These sources will enhance your learning experience, but are not intended as a substitute
for proper certified instruction. Check out our Books and Video pages for even more selections!
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¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@ Guide to Powered Paragliding
¡@
A special issue containing factual up-to-date information on this new aviation sport. This full-color periodical will help you
with information on purchasing and maintaining your equipment. Over 30 photographs of units including specifications
and comparisons. If you are serious about powered paragliding or just want to learn more, this is the best information
source you can buy.¡@ Guide to Powered Paragliding (N52053)¡@ Price: $5.00¡@

¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@
Guide to Powered Paragliding Video¡@

Don't miss this informative and entertaining documentary of the 3-day motor-head meet in Baja, Mexico.
46 spectacular minutes covering tandem flying, thrust tests, equipment comparisons, training techniques, and low-altitude
formation flying from some of the best pilots in the USA.¡@
Guide to Powered Paragliding Video (N52553)¡@ Price: $25.00¡@

¡@¡@¡@ DK Whisper Training Video¡@

Produced by Flightline Television for DK, this 45 minute video follows a typical student from day-1 learning to
fly a DK-WHISPER powered paraglider. Launches, landings and lessons on aerodynamics are covered.¡@
DK Whisper Training Video (N601200)¡@ Price: $19.00¡@


Discovering Paragliding¡@

If you are interested in powered paragliding or foot-launched paragliding this full-color periodical is for you.
Magazine contains many informative articles from the top instructors in the country. Learn about equipment, instruction,
vocabulary, aerodynamics, weather and more!¡@
Discovering Paragliding (N52 line!¡@
UP Escape Video (N602200)¡@ Price: $15.00¡@

Touching Cloudbase Video¡@
Ian Currier's training video companion to the TC book. This is the best training video on the market. It covers
everything you will learn to become a paragliding pilot from equipment to top-landings.¡@
Touching Cloudbase Video (N42853)¡@ Price: $44.00¡@

¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@
Instability Video¡@

Excellent video covers the issues of instability which face every paraglider pilot. Freeze-frame explanations of entering and
recovering from asymmetric and frontal collapses, stalls and spins. Also explains in detail performing descent maneuvers
like big-ears and B-line stalls.¡@
Instability Video (N29106)¡@ Price: $39.00¡@

UP Escape Video¡@
UP's Uli Wiesmier creates an entertaining paragliding adventure while exploring the new advanced paraglider, ESCAPE.
This video won awards at over 6 film festivals in Europe! Check it out for some cool flying with a captivating story line!¡@
UP Escape Video (N602200)¡@ Price: $15.00¡@

¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@
Cloud Chart¡@

Learn about clouds and weather from this beautiful full-color poster. 26in. X 38in. full-size poster makes a great display
for home or office. Also a special gift for your flying friends.¡@
Cloud Chart (N33853)¡@ Price: $11.00¡@

¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@
Paragliding Magazine Early Days¡@

Know your paragliding Legends! Back issues of Paragliding Magazine contain tons of useful information like
site guides, safety, towing, accident reports, gliders reviews, and a rich photo history of paragliding, pilots, gear,
events and more. EARLY DAYS set contains 15 issues from Vol. 1 #1 August 1990 through Vol. 4#5 October 1993¡@
Paragliding Magazine Early Days (N52753)¡@ Price: $40.00¡@

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®g¤â §d§»¤å¥ý¥Í[email protected] ¥N¬°­qÁÊ
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1998­¸¦æ¾¹¦~Ų ¥þ¹Ï¤ù­¸¦æ¾¹¦Ê¬ì¥þ®Ñ UK19.99

Understanding The Sky ­¸¦æ®ð¶H«ü«n US$19.95

¡@ Paragliding-the compelete guide ­¸¦æ³Ê§¹¥þ¤â¥U US$26.95

Performance Flying °ª¯Å¶i­×¯Å US$29.95

Paragliding - A pilot's traning manual ­¸¦æ­û°V½m«ü«n US$19.95

¿ý¼v±a Point of the MTN HG&PG ¦¬¶°¥þ¬ü³Ì¨Î­¸¦æ³õ (52¤ÀÄÁ)$29

PG:the movie ¥@¬É«a­x°Ê§@¾Þ½m (42¤ÀÄÁ)$35.95

Cloudbase Paragliding ±M·~­¸¦æ­û§¹¬üºt¥X (36¤ÀÄÁ)$34.95

Hawaiian Flying HG&PG ¬üÄR®L«Â¦i¹Ä¬°Æ[¤î­¸¦æ´º¶H (46¤ÀÄÁ)$33

FLY HARD ¬ü°ê¦è©¤¼É¤O­¸¦æ??? (35¤ÀÄÁ)$35.95
¡@ ¡@
­¸¦æ®ÑÄy PERFORMANCE FLYING ¾A¤¤°ª¯Å­¸¦æ­û

¡@­¸¦æ®ÑÄy UNDERSTANDING THE SKY ®ð¶H

¡@­¸¦æ®ÑÄy PARAGLIDEING FLIGHT ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ®ÑÄy HG TRANING MANUAL ·Æµ¾Ál

¡@­¸¦æ®ÑÄy FLYING WITH CONDORS ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ®ÑÄy AIRBORNE ·Æµ¾Ál

¡@­¸¦æ®ÑÄy PARA QUIZ ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ®ÑÄy TOUCHING THE CLOUDBASE ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ®ÑÄy PG THE COMPLETE GUIDE ­¸¦æ³Ê

­¸¦æ¿ý¼v±a FLY HARD ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ¿ý¼v±a PARAGLIDE:THE MOVIE ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ¿ý¼v±a CLOUDBASE PARAGLIDING ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ¿ý¼v±a DAREDEVIL FLYERS III ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ¿ý¼v±a HG EXTREME ·Æµ¾Ál

¡@­¸¦æ¿ý¼v±a BORN TO FLY ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ¿ý¼v±a PARTY AT CLOUDBASE ­¸¦æ³Ê

¡@­¸¦æ¿ý¼v±a MASTER AT CLOUDBASE ­¸¦æ³Ê

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