"Horses of the Night"
~Magaret Laurence
...continued...


Shallow Creek
� Vanessa�s perception: pure, untouched by man
� �no-man�s land�
� bleak, cold, ugly => up north
� represents the stark reality, where Chris�s family lives

Manawaka
� represents all the other people, except for Chris

The Brick House

� Is like a fortress, and Chris is outside
� War is outside, depression is outside this brick house
� Symbolic of Vanessa
� Chris has nothing to protect himself � no brick house

Symbols:
� Duchess and Firefly
� Floss and Trooper
� War Horses
� Horses of the Night

Allusion:
� �Slowly, slowly, horses of the night� from �Amores� (Ovid � Roman poet)
� Doctor Faustus � Christopher Marlowe
o Idea of being left a hollow man
o A life without contribution is no life at all
� Chris lives an empty life
o He doesn�t� change into emptiness, he�s there
� Chris withdraws � hollow inside, lives in his dream life
� �Slowly, slowly, horses of the night� � horses = archetypal symbol of male power
� darkness => nightmare

4 horses � 4 horses of apocalypse
1) Chris�s dream world, imagination, refuge from reality
2) Vanessa�s first taste of reality
3) Symbolize reality of his own existence
� He can�t cope with these realities
� He is in conflict with his environment
(Strange unnamed lake => represents Chris�s idea of world )
� Life should be a well-balanced mind-matter experience => not for Chris
4) World of chaos, directly tied to way
� Chris is so sensitive to his world

THEME:
The need for hope

(CAUSE):
A sensitive and creative individual finds it difficult, almost impossible, to cope with the realities of a mundane, pragmatic and sometimes cruel society

(EFFECT):
As a result, complete withdrawal may be the only solution
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