"AR" Verbs
Los
verbos de "ar"
In Spanish, there are three main categories of verbs:
AR, ER and IR verbs. The AR, ER and IR refer to the last two letters of
the infinitive form of the verb. This page focuses on AR verbs.
The infinitive is the base verb, it has not yet had an ending added. It is
similar to saying "to speak" (hablar), "to swim" (nadar). There is no
subject noted in the verb at this point.
To conjugate a verb means to change the infinitive so that it agrees with the
different possible subjects (i.e. I, you, he, she, we, etc.) We do this in
English: I speak, you speak, he speaks, she speaks, etc.
The present tense in Spanish can mean several things:
| Yo hablo | Yo hablo | Yo hablo |
| I speak | I am speaking | I do speak |
The following are the subject pronouns in Spanish. You must memorize these.
yo - I
tú - you (informal)
Usted - you (formal)
él - he
ella - she
vosotros / vosotras
(fem.) - you all (plural you) informal
Ustedes - you all (plural you) formal and informal
nosotros / nosotras (fem)
- we
ellos / ellas (fem) - they
To conjugate a verb, take
off the infinitive ending (for an "AR" verb, take off the "AR"). So, "Hablar"
becomes "Habl". To this you add the appropriate ending. For AR verbs
the endings are as follows:
yo - o
tú - as
Usted - a
él - a
ella - a
vosotros / vosotras
(fem.) - áis
Ustedes - an
nosotros / nosotras (fem) - amos
ellos / ellas (fem) - an
So, fully conjugated, the
verb "hablar", to speak, would look like this:
Hablar--to speak
yo hablo
nosotros/as hablamos
tú hablas
vosotros/as habláis
Ud. habla
ustedes hablan
él habla
ellos/ellas hablan
ella habla
Comprar--to buy
yo compro nosotros/as
compramos
tú compras vosotros/as
compráis
Ud. compra ustedes
compran
él compra ellos/ellas
compran
ella compra
Many of the subject pronouns can
be replaced by names, i.e. instead of saying "he speaks" (él habla) you could
name the individual that is doing the speaking-- Michael speaks, (Miguel habla).
Julia habla. Julia speaks. She speaks.
María y yo hablamos. Mary and I speak. We speak.
Juan y Sara hablan. John
and Sara speak. They speak.
Roberto, Laura y Ud. hablan. Roberto, Laura and you speak. You (all)
speak (formal)
Roberto, Laura y tú habláis. Roberto, Laura and you speak. You (all)
speak (informal)
Examples used in sentences:
Pablo compra los bolígrafos.
Pablo buys the pens.
Rita y Sara nadan en la piscina. Rita and Sara swim in the pool.
Yo hablo con el profesor.
I speak with the teacher.
Julia y yo cocinamos la cena. Julia and I cook dinner.
Here is a list of common regular (in the present tense) AR verbs that you will need to know: (grades 6,7,8)
| 1. viajar - to
travel 2. buscar - to look for 3. progresar - to progress, to advance 4. dibujar - to draw, to sketch 5. nadar - to swim 6. mirar - to look at, to watch 7. escuchar - to listen (to) 8. manejar - to drive 9. participar - to participate, to take part 10. visitar - to visit 11. pagar - to pay 12. patinar - to skate 13. montar - to mount, ride 14. montar en bicicleta - to ride a bike 15. hablar - to speak, to talk 16. pasar - to spend ( time ), to pass 17. tocar - to play ( an instrument ) 18. cantar - to sing 19. lavar - to wash 20. cocinar - to cook 21. llamar - to call 22. respirar - to breathe 23. enviar - to send 24. mandar - to send 25. usar - to use 26. sacar - to take 27. sacar fotos - to take pictures 28. tomar - to take 29. entrar - to enter 30. guardar - to guard 31. llevar - to wear, to carry 32. cenar - to dine, to eat dinner 33. transportar - to transport 34. bailar - to dance 35. comprar - to buy |
36. regresar - to return 37. andar - to walk 38. caminar - to walk 39. necesitar - to need 40. admirar -to admire 41. trabajar - to work 42. llenar - to fill 43. practicar - to practice 44. gastar - to spend ( money ) 45. patear - to kick 46. tratar de - to try, to attempt 47. cultivar - to grow, to cultivate 48. cortar - to cut, to carve 49. estudiar - to study 50. ganar - to win, to earn 51. llegar - to arrive 52. seleccionar - to select, to choose 53. entregar - to deliver 54. pasar - to pass 55. borrar - to erase, to rub out 56. esperar - to wait ( for ) to hope 57. robar - to rob 58. tomar el sol - to sunbathe 59. pescar - to fish 60. luchar - to fight, to struggle
|
AR Verbs in the past tense (Preterite Perfect) (grades 7, 8)
Here are the endings for AR verbs in the past tense: (NOTE: do NOT forget the accents!!)
yo - é
tú - aste
Usted - ó
él - ó
ella - ó
vosotros / vosotras
(fem.) - asteis
Ustedes - aron
nosotros / nosotras (fem) - amos
ellos / ellas (fem) - aron
Hablar--to speak
yo hablé nosotros/as
hablamos
tú hablaste vosotros/as
hablasteis
Ud. habló ustedes
hablaron
él habló
ellos/ellas hablaron
ella habló
Comprar--to buy
yo compré nosotros/as
compramos
tú compraste vosotros/as
comprasteis
Ud. compró ustedes
compraron
él compró ellos/ellas
compraron
ella compró
Grado
6 |
Grado 7 |
Grado 8 |
ER Verbs |
IR Verbs |
|
Irregular
Verbs |