LESSON 03

VOCABULARY
Esperanto	English	Mnemonics
jes	yes
amikoj	friends
edzino	wife
knabo	boy
kelnero	waiter

Notice that all NOUNS end in -O. PLURAL NOUNS end in -OJ, pronounced as in COY.

Esperanto	English
ĉevaloj	horses
bovinoj	cows
hundoj	dogs
simioj	apes
edzinoj	wives
knaboj	boys
kelneroj	waiters

What do cows and wives have in common? That's right! They are both females. In English there are several suffixes for the female sex: -ess as in lioness, -ette as in bachelorette, -ine as in heroine (not heroin!). But sometimes there are two separate words, one for each sex, such as brother and sister, uncle and aunt. In Esperanto you only need the suffix -INO indicates the FEMALE sex.

Some entities without the -INO suffix are male or female (usually when the sex is irrelevant or unknown, as with animals). Thus, bovo is either a bull or a cow (an ox!). Later, you will learn how to specify that an animal is male. Other entities without the -INO suffix are strictly male (usually relatives).

VOCABULARY IMAGES

VOCABULARY QUIZ

Before continuing with the quiz, make sure you can pronounce every word in the lesson.

The images displayed above will appear randomly.
At first it may seem that they are appearing and disappearing too quickly. Do not panic.
Go at your own pace, pronouncing the words out loud, as clearly and as accurately as possible.
Within a few minutes you will be able to identify most of the images that pop up, at which point you will be ready to move on to the next step, the MODEL SENTENCES.

Click here for VOCABULARY QUIZ

MODEL SENTENCES
Say who does what and reinforce your statement by repeating the phrase with a 'yes'.
La kelneroj ploras.	Jes, la kelneroj ploras.

SPEECH MARATHON

TOPIC:

Say who is doing what as you greet everybody.

La kelneroj kuras. Saluton, kelneroj. La amiko ploras. La ĉevaloj ploras. Saluton, bovinoj. La simioj ludas. Jes, la simioj ludas. La amiko naĝas. Jes, la amiko naĝas. La hundo kuras. La hundoj ludas. Jes, la hundoj ludas. La edzo nag^as. La edzino kuras. Saluton, ĉevaloj. La bovino ploras. Jes, la bovino ploras...

Esperanto	English
	husband
kelnerino
	girl
ĉevalino