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August- Peridot |
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Hardness-6.5-7
Crystal Sturcture-Orthorhombic
Color- Yellow\Green |
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Peridot is the gem varity of Ovaline. Ovaline is not actually a meneral itself but a compostition of two minerals, fayalite and forsterite. Fayalite is made of Iron, Silicon and Oxygen, Fe^2SiO^4. Forsterite is almost the same but has Magnesium in place of Iron, Mg^2SiO^4.
Ovaline, what Peridot is made of is a combination of the two, having both Magnesium and Iron in it. The formula is written (Mg, Fe)^2SiO^4 to show that both Magnesium and Iron are present.
The color in Peridot comes from the precentage of Iron in the stone. The highest quality Peridot stones have less then 15% Iron in thier composition. These gems also have some Nickle and Chrominum that give them better color quality. |
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Good quality Peridot comes from Zagbargad, an island in the red sea, Myanmar or Burma, Pakistan, Brazil, Germany, Mexico, the U.S. and others. The higest quality gems come from Burma and Egypt, but 80% - 90% of Peridot stones come from a mine in Arizona.
Throughout history Peridot has been confused with many other gems such as emerald and green quartz. The biggest difference in these gems, besides composition is that Peridot, unlike the other two has a distinct yellowish tint to the green, where the other two are more a dark, forest green. |
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The name Peridot comes from the French word peritot, which means unclear; most large peridot gems are cloudy looking. The name could also come from the Arabic word for gem, faridat. |
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Main Page Chem X Home |
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September |
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