The Lipan Apache were basically a hunting and gathering group, although some of them planted corn and pumpkins occasionally. The Lipans gathered wild persimmons, pecans, palmettos, mesquite beans, and acorns.

Acorns became one of the Lipans� favorite food items. They gathered acorns to be eaten as nuts and to be ground into flour on a metate. Acorn stew was made by adding acorn flour to previously cooked chunks of meat and then pouring hot meat broth over the mixture.

In the autumn, Lipan groups combined together in an annual buffalo hunt. Even at this time, however, the local groups retained their individual identities and scattered once more to their respective territories after they had obtained their share of meat and hides. When the Lipans killed a buffalo, they immediately removed the liver and ate it raw. They cooked the remainder of the meat over an open fire or made it into jerky. They used the buffalo�s stomach to carry drinking water on trips, tying the top closed with rawhide. Buffalo skins were used to make many things, including clothing and tipis.

Roles

Introduction

Fashion

Shelter

Spanish Missions

What Became of the Lipan Apaches

References
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