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Digital Subscriber Line (xDSL)

Digital Subscriber Line (xDSL) is the latest solution to provide high-speed Internet access which uses the existing telephone network, assuming that the lines are of reasonable quality (24 gauge) and subscriber is relatively close to a telecommunications company switch (4,000 or 6.000 metres of line, depending on the service). At the moment there is still some technical and administrative problems with xDSL, mainly arising from the lack of agreed standards and the quality of telephone connections.

The three main types of DSL are asymmetrical DSL (ADSL), consumer DSL (CDSL) and G.Lite (Universal DSL). The former provides upload speeds of up to 640kbps and download speeds of 1.6mbps, with voice call routed over the same wire. ADSL is considered the more expensive of the three. CDSL is a slower (1mbps) and slightly less expensive version of DSL and G.Lite varies in service provision from 1.544 to 6.0 mbps download and 128 to 384kbps upload. Another version of xDSL worth mentioning is Very High Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) which provides from 12.9mbps to 52.8mbps download and 1.5 to 2.3mbps upload. It is usually used for ATM networks.