Chronology of
Cambodian History – Angkor Era
YEAR
802
Jayavarman II (r.
802 - d. 850) ascends the Khmer throne.
850
Jayavarman III (r. 850 - d. 877) succeeds his father King Jayavarman II upon
his death. He reigns at Hariharalaya. The King died in 877 and received the
posthumous name of Vishnuloka.
877
Indravarman I (r.
877 - d. 889) ascends the throne.
879
Preah Ko (The
sacred Cow) is built. The temple is an outstanding example of one of the
earliest brick temples of the Khmer Empire. This beautiful temple has six
brick towers on a terraced pyramid, surround by four enclosures.
881
The temple of Bakong
is built and dedicated in 881 by King Indravarman. It consists of a central
pyramid, with two brick towers on each side of the base and twelve small
stone prasats.
889
Yasovarman I (r. 889/890 - d. 910/912) ascends the Khmer throne. He moves his
capital from Roluos into Angkor and built the royal pyramid temple, Bakheng,
located on top of a mountain right at the heart of Angkor. The King builds Lolei, Bakheng, and
Eastern Baray.
893
The temple of Lolei is completed. It's erected on a little artificial island
on the baray of Roluos; it consists of four brick towers, similar to those of
Prasat Preah Ko on
the same terrace. The temple towers are dedicated to King's Yasovarman's
ancestors.
900
Prasat Bakheng is built.
910
Harshavarman I (r. 910/912 - 925) succeeds his father King Yasovarman after
his death; he rules at Yasodharapura. He builds Baksei Chamkrong
and Prasat Kravan.
921
Prasat Kravan
is built. The temple consists of five brick towers in a row, arrange
North-South and open to the east. It is dedicated to Vishnu.
923
Isanavarman II (r. 923/25 - 928), son of King Yasovarman and brother of
Harshavarman, ascends the throne. The King is said to have reigned
successively with his brother after the death of their father.
928
Jayavarman IV (r. 928 - 941). The King has a power base to the north of
Angkor, at Koh Ker (referred to in an inscription as Chok Gargyar-Island of
Glory). He builds Prasat Thom.
Prasat Krachap is consecrated by King Jayavarman.
937
Prasat Bantay Pir Chan is consecrated by King Jayavarman to Prajapatisvara
(Brahma).
939
Ngo Quyen defeats the Chinese and founds the Kingdom of Dai-co-Viet (today
Vietnam), with his capital at Co-Loa.
941
Harshavarman II (r. 941 - 944) succeeds his father, King Jayavarman IV, and
reigned at Koh Ker.
944
Rajendravarman II (r. 944 - d. 968) becomes king. He restores Angkor
after a period of neglect and consolidates the empire. He claims descent from
the rulers of Bhavapura, and brings together under his rule a number of
territories not previously assimilated. The King builds East
Mebon, Pre Rup,
and starts the Phimeanakas.
947
Baksei Chamkrong
is consecrated by King Rajendravarman.
952
The Mebon temple is consecrated; it is located on an island at the center of
the Eastern Reservoir.
960
Prasat Lak Nan and Bat Chum is built.
961
Pre Rup
temple is built.
967
Prasat Banteay Srei
(citadel of women) is consecrated by the Brahman Yajnavaraha. The temple is
erected by King Rajendravarman.
968
Jayavarman V (r. 968 - d. 1001) ascends the Khmer throne.
982
Le Dai Hanh, emperor of Dai co-Viet, attacks and destroys Champa's capital,
Indrapura. [Dai-Viet
expansion]
1002
Udayadityavarman I (r. 1001 - 1002) succeeds his uncle, King Jayavarman V. He
reigns very briefly and then disappears.
Jayaviravarman I (r. 1002 - 1010). Not much is known about Jayaviravarman; he
is said to rule concurrently over different portions of Cambodia from 1002
until Suryavarman conquers the whole country and ruled exclusively in 1010
A.D.
Suryavarman I (r.
1002/1010 - 1050) becomes sole Khmer ruler.
1044
Ly Thai-tong, who usurped the throne of Dai co-Viet in 1010, defeats and
kills king Jaya Simhavarman II of Champa, and sacks his capital - Vijaya.
1050
Udayadityavarman II (r. 1050 - 1066). He builds Baphuon and
finishs the Western Baray.
1052
Inscription of Sdak Kak Thom, from temple of the same name in Prachinburi
province in presend-day Thailand, records the installation of the first
devaraja on Phnom Kulen
in 802.
1066
Harsavarman III (r. 1066 - 1080) ascends the Khmer throne. According to
Chinese sources, Angkor and Champa are jointly required to help China fight
the Vietnamese. Subsequently there is war in Champa, in which the Cham
claimed to have taken a city and offers prisoners and booty to a Cham
national temple.
1068
Ly Thai-tong attacks and captures King Rudravarman III of Champa and annexes
his northern provinces.
1080
Jayavarman VI (r. 1080 - d. 1107) ascends the Khmer throne. He builds Phimai
(in Thailand today), Prasat Preah Vihear and Wat Phu (in Laos
today).
1107
Dharanindravarman I (r. 1107 - 1113) assume the throne from his younger
brother Jayavarman VI.
1113
Suryavarman II (r.
1113 - d. c. 1150) becomes Khmer King.
1116
King Suryavarman send an embassy to Chinese Imperial court.
1117
An embassy is sent by King
Suryavarman to Chinese Imperial court.
1128
King Suryavarman II sends 20,000 men to attack the Dai Viet and is defeated.
Suryavarman's embassy reaches China.
1132
The Chams and Khmers attack Dai Viet together at Nghe-an and are defeated.
1133
Two men from Champa
ask for asylum in the Dai Viet court, which indicate that the hostilities
between the Khmer and Cham have started.
1136
King Suryavarman II carries out another major campaign against the Dai Viet,
without the Cham as allies, and is defeated.
1138
King Suryavarman II launches another unsuccessful campaign against the Dai
Viet.
1145
King Suryavarman II conqueres Champa. [Khmers and Chams fighting]
1149
King Jaya Harivarman of Champa recaptures his capital, Vijaya, from King
Suryavarman's younger brother, Prince Harideva, whom the King established on
the throne of Champa. The Prince is
killed in the battle together with all of his troops.
1150
Dharanindravarman II (r. 1150 - d. c. 1160).
1160
Yasovarman II (r. 1160 - 1165) ascends the Khmer throne. The King's reign
ended in the hand of a usurper, Tribhuvanadityavarman, who is his official.
1165
Tribhuvanadityavarman (r. 1165 - d. 1177) becomes Khmer King. His reign is
obscure; it ends when a Cham
fleet makes its way unexpectedly up the Tonle Sap to the Great Lake and
scores a rapid and devastating victory that give power at Angkor to the Cham
ruler Jaya Indravarman IV.
1177
Jaya Indravarman IV of Champa sacks Angkor and killed its ruler,
Tribhuvanadityavarman. Jayavarman, son of Dharanindravarman II, assumes
leadership of Khmer resistance.
1181
Jayavarman VII (r.
1181 - d. c. 1215).
1186
Ta Prohm is built. It's dedicated to the mother of Jayavarman VII.
1191
Preah Khan
is built. It is dedicated to the father of Jayavarman VII.
1203
Jayavarman VII conquers and annexes Champa.
1215
Indravarman II (r. 1215 - d. c. 1243).
1220
Jaya Parameshvaravarman II becomes King of Champa upon the withdrawal of the
Khmers.
1230
Bang Klang T'ao (Indrapatindraditya) becomes King of Sukhodaya, the first
Thai (Siamese) state to free itself from Khmer.
1243
Jayavarman VIII (r. 1243 - 1295/96) ascends the Khmer throne. He sponsors
the last known royally endow temple.
He is said to have lived to the age of 104. Brahmanism is restored as
state religion during his reign.
1283
Indravarman V successfully resists a sea-borne Mongol invasion of Champa.
1295
Indravarman III (r. 1295 - 1308) ascends the Khmer throne. The King reigns at
the time of the visit of Zhou Daguan, a Chinese visitor who offers a great
deal of concrete information about Angkor at the time. Zhou reports Khmer
wars against Thai invaders.
Rama Khamheng, second King of Sukhodaya, conquers the Mekong and Menam
valleys (in Cambodia), and the Malay Peninsula.
1308
Indrajayavarman (r. 1308 - 1327) ascends the Khmer throne.
1313
Emperor Tran Anh-tong of Dai Viet occupies Champa and establishes Che Nang,
the Cham royal dynasty, as a puppet ruler.
1318
Emperor Tran Minh-tong of Dai Viet deposes Che Nang of Champa and appoints
Che Anan as governor.
1327
Jayavarman Paramesvara (r. 1327-?), Khmer King.
1350
Beginning of first “PONGSA VODA” Khmer chronicles.
Rama Tiboti founds the Tai Kingdom of Siam with its capital at Ayuthia.
1351
Pongsa Voda records the Siamese
king's capture of Angkor and placed his son on the throne. [22]
1355
The Siamese prince, who was
put on the Khmer throne in 1351, is killed along with two others, and the
rightful king regains his throne according to Pongsa Voda. [22]
1361
Che Bong Nga succeeds as King of Champa and begins his attacks on the Dai
Viet.
1373
Pongsa Voda records the Khmer
king's attack and re-conquer of two provinces from the Siamese, taking 8000
prisoners. [22]
1385
Siamese annals records its
captured of Angkor, and after sacking it and killing all the inhabitants who
are useless for slaves, marching away with tremendous booty and thousands of
prisoners, leaving only 5,000 alive within the wall. Khmer accounts, however, contradict the
number but recorded the incidence. [22]
1390
Che Bong Ngo, King of Champa, is assassinated.
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