Aker: Aker was somewhat based on Dragoness of Fire's fanfic "Ties that Bind" with her character "Anhur" (Don't own). Similarities being the surrogate farmer parents and his affinity for breaking rules...but of course a true son of Atem would be a gambler, prankster, and gamer, ne? His name means exactly what I said in the fic -- ancient earth god representing the horizon, depicted as two lions guarding Yesterday and Tomorrow. It's said that the two lions carry the sun on thier back as the sun makes its nightly journey. Aker guards the gate of the underworld. I chose this name because his children was the Tomorrow, and his father Atem was Yesterday -- the sun making his journey.
Khons: Egyptian god of the moon. Son of Amen and Mut, member of the great triad of Thebes. Considering Atem's the "sun" (and Atem's name similarity to "Amen") I thought this name was fitting for eldest.
Nekhbet: Upper Egyptian patron goddess, represented as a vulture, and often part of the crown of the pharaoh. Protector of the pharaoh. Name means "mother," which fits her personality as healer.
Imhotep: Now here's a famous name. He was an actual real-life person; an architect, physician, scribe, and the vizier of the 3rd Dynasty Pharaoh Zoser. He thought of and built the Step Pyramid at Sakkara. In the Late Period, Imhotep was worshipped as the son of Ptah and a god of medicine, as well as the patron (with Thoth) of scribes. The Greeks considered him to be Asklepios, the god of medicine. Smart dude. Gamer type, I say...even if it was Khons who played a game of senet with Thoth. (But Khons lost, and the King of Games never loses, eh?)
King Charlemagne: Yep. Famous, famous dude in European history. Roman emperor, set the precedent for close ties between medieval kings and popes. Known as Charlemagne the Great. His empire would eventually become France and Germany.
Napoleon the First: Aka Napolean Bonaparte. Now here's a guy that does not like losing. French. Conquered practically all of Europe, except Britian and Russia. He wasn't just a conquerer though -- he made many reforms, such as the Code of Napoleon (justice system that is still used today). Feudalism and serfdom were abolished (both things of the Middle Ages) and freedom of religion was established (except in Spain). Constitutions, male sufferage, schooling -- tons of stuff that I've forgotten from my European History class. He was quite short though...where we get the Napoleon complex, eh?
King Arthur: Oi. Do I have to say much about him? Legendary. Excalibur. The Once and Future King.
Pericles: So influential in Athenian history that the period of his power is called the Age of Pericles. Athens flourished under his rule..."the golden age of Athens." Expansionist foreign policy. Members of the council was chosen by lot from entire body of Athenians. Unfortuneately, along came the Peloponnesian War against the city-state and rival Sparta. When people retreated into Athens, it became super-crowded, and the "Plague of Athens" arrived ... and some say it was an outbreak of Ebola...
Hippocrates: Where the Hippocratic Oath comes from, which is what doctors swear to when physicans enter the practice of medicine (although in these modern times, there are different kinds of oaths depending on what school you attend and so forth). Father of medicine. Wrote the important Hippocratic Collection is Airs, Waters, and Places which ascribed diseases to enviromental reasons, not gods. He also advanced the idea that by observing enough cases, a doctor can predict the course of a disease (pretty revolutionary at the time). Promoted the idea of preventive medicine, like a healthy diet and stuff. Now, he wasn't right in everything -- but he got a whole lot of stuff right that was forgotten in the Middle Ages and had to be learned the hard way.
Immanuel: Aka Jesus. Oi. Do I need to say more?
Shinta: Aka Hitokiri Battousai. Aka Himura Kenshin. Oi, Rurouni Kenshin, anyone? XD Hey, he's both short and has a unique hair color (for Japanese), just like Yugi, eh?
The Great Miko: Kikyo/Kagome, from Inuyasha. Kagome is the reincarnated Kikyo -- "die and be reborn again." It's a famous enough manga/anime, I don't think I have to explain more.
Lastly, the three descendants of Imhotep that returned to Egypt: Solomon Moto (the bearer), Yugi Moto (kinda obvious), and...one of the three Magi from the east from my fic, The Three Kings!!! *whoops* Major kudos to anyone who got that. Tell me if you did ^_~.