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Previous Helmet The Helmet Database Next Helmet Helmet from Lipovetz By Dmitriy V. Ryaboy � click pictures to enlarge Location Lipovetz (Lipovtzy) Culture Kara Kalpak - Chernye Klobuki - Black Hats Dating 1150-1250 Construction notes This is one of the famous Black Hat helmets with iron masks. A bronze ear was found with the helmet, but is now lost. Remains of a maille aventail were found with the helmet. When found, the mask was turned upside down onto the helmet. The mask represents �an old man with a large, slightly hooked nose and a long mustache curled upwards� � Pyatysheva 1964, p. 4 quoting Brandenburg 1900 p. 54. The mask is made of a single piece of iron. Maximum width is 17 cm, length from forehead to chin is 20 cm, eye length 4.5 cm. Width 1.7 cm, mouth length 5 cm., nose � 7 cm, iron thickness .3-.5 cm (with corrosive thickening). Mouth is created by a crease in the metal (so that a fold of sorts is formed on the back). According to Kirpichnikov, the cylindrical base of the helmet dome is of circular section, while the pyramidal upper part is of square section. Note the large decorative bosses on the helmet where the cylindrical base begins to taper to the pyramidal top. Archaeological details Found by O. N. Makarevich and G. Krauze in 1891. Coffin exists. Stored Hermitage Museum, Saint-Petersburg Notes In Kirpichnikov 1958 the year of the find is incorrectly said to be 1892 Source Pyatysheva 1964, Pletneva 1975, Brandenburg 1900, A.N Kirpichnikov 1958, Antonovich 1895, and others. Also Found Sabre with a scabbard tip, maille, silk belt decorated with silver thread, horse remains with stirrups and bit, a small knife, 4 rivets (possibly from a shield) with decorative heads and traces of gilding. Bibliography. Antonovich V. B. Arheologicheskaya karta Kievskoy gub. Moscow, 1895. Brandenburg N. E. Zhurnal raskopok N. E. Brandenburga 1888 � 1902 gg. St Petersburg, 1908. Pletneva, S.A. Drevnosti Chernyh Klbukov. Archeologia SSSR E1-19. Nauka, Moscow 1973. Pyatysheva N. V. Zheleznaya Maska iz Hersonesa. Moscow, 1964 Kirpichnikov A. N. �Russkie shlemy X-XIII vv� Sovetskaya Arheologiya 1958 #4 Previous Helmet The Helmet Database Next Helmet Copyright Permission Notice: Dmitriy V. Ryaboy hereby gives express permission for reproduction of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that the article is unaltered and includes the author attribution. The Red Kaganate requests that a hyperlink be provided to this web site - http://www.geocities.com/kaganate.