Vertebrate Radiations I: Origins, Fish & Amphibia

General Traits of Deuterostomes

1. Blastopore becomes _____                      

2. Contains _____ germ layers

3. Well developed _____

Phylum Echinodermata

4. Echinodermata have _____ # of species; they do not have _____

_____5. Planktonic larvae have _____  symmetry

_____6. Their adult body plan is _____

_____7. What trait is unique to this phylum?

_____8. Tube feet used to _____ and _____

_____9. Poor developed _____ system

_____10. _____ just beneath skin

_____11. _____ (internal/external) fertilization

12. Number of classes; number that are extant

Phylum Chordata

19. What is a flexible rod running along _____ axis of body?

20. Dorsal, _____ nerve cord

21. _____ slits - allow water to leave

22. Muscular, _____(pre/post)-_____(mouth/anal)

23. Invertebrate Chordates include tunicates also known as subphlyum _____ and subphylum _____

Subphylum #1

24. The _____ of tunicates show chordate traits

25. Adults are _____ (motile/sessile); hermaphroditic; _____ (asexual/sexual) reproduction

Subphylum #2

27. Tend to be _____ (motile/sessile)

28. What do these members of this subphylum lack?

29. Separate  _____

Origin of Vertebrates

30. Vertebrates found in _____

31. Demonstrated _____ (peramorphosis/paedomorphosis)

32. T/F: Ancestral vertebrate have jaws that act as a filter feeder

Subphylum Verebrata

33. Possess neural crest - a band of _____ along the border of the neural tube-_____  that build many vertebrate traits

34. Vertebral column and _____

35. _____ (anterior/interior) brain

36. _____ sets of paired appendages

Agnatha

37. These organisms lack _____ and there are _____ extant classes

38. Class Myxini are _____

39. They _____ (do/don't) have vertebral column; they are _____ (scavengers/parasites)

40. Class Cephalospidomorphi are _____

41. They _____ (do/don't) have vertebral column; they are _____ (scavengers/parasites)

42. _____ have 35 spp and _____  have 30 spp

Evolution of Jaw

43. This class with _____ spp showed that jaws evolved _____ mya; this class is _____

44. Skeleton made of _____

45. _____ sets of paired appendages

46. Most sharks active predators, have _____ lines nostrils, _____ tail

47. The largest sharks feed on _____

48. Sharks' lateral line system is for detecting _____

Osteichthyes

49. Class Actinopterygii - _____-finned fish (20,000 spp)

_____50. swim-bladder - air filled vessel that gives _____     

_____51. _____ protective cover over gills     

_____52. possess high _____

Transition to Tetrapods

53. Class Actinista - _____-finned fish

54. Time period in which the organisms in #53 supposedly went extinct

55. Class Dipnoi - _____ fish

56. Tetrapod traits: _____ _____, skull bones, circulatory system

57. First tetrapods were _____

58. _____ tetrapod fish similar to _____

59. Evolution to tetrapods took _____ my

Tetrapods/Class Amphibia

60. The condition of the fossils in the fossil record of Amphibia

61. How many life stages to amphibians have?

62. The three groups of amphibians include: _____, _____, _____

63. The high extinction rate of amphibians can be speculated to its body plan.  How so?