1, Q Kore wa anata no hon desu ka
.( Is this your book ?)
(これは あなたの本ですか。） *ほん＝本
A, Hai, sou desu. Kore wa watashi
no hon desu. ( Yes.quite so, This is my book.)
（はい、そうです。 これは わたしの本です。）
2, Q, Sore wa anata no Kaban desu ka (
Is that your bag ? )
（それは あなたのかばんですか。）
A, Hai, sou desu. Kore wa watashi
no Kaban desu. ( Yes.quite so, This is my bag)
（はい、そうです。 これは わたしのかばんです。）
3. Q, Are wa anata no ie desu ka .(
Is that your house ? )
（あれは あなたの家ですか。）
*いえ＝家
A, Hai, sou desu. Are wa watashi
no ie desu. ( Yes.quite so, That is my house.)
（はい、そうです。 あれは わたしの家です。）
( * Sou desu= quite so or that is right )
< Grammatical notes >
1, "Kore（これ）" means "
this one ". "Sore（それ） " "Are（あれ）
" means " that one"
When you use those demonstrative
words, please note the following point.
If the object exists close
to you , you refer to the object by "kore(これ） "
If the object exists close
to the listener , you refer to the object by "Sore（それ）"
If the object exists far
from you and listener, you refer to the object by "Are（あれ）"
2, If you want to specify the object as "this book ", "that
house ", you say
Kono+( object ), Sono+(object
) , Ano+(object)
Example: Kono Hon ( this book), Sono Hito ( that person) , Ano Kuni ( that country )
*Please apply the above rule when you say "kono-- , Sono--, Ano--" style, too.
3, If the object is plural, you can use the following words.
"kore"=> "korera"（これら）
e.g korera wa watashi no desu.( These are mine.)
"kono"=>"korera-no"（これらの）
e.g korera-no hon wa watashi no(hon) desu.( These books are mine.)
"sore"=>"sorera"（それら）
e.g sorera wa watashi no hon desu. ( Those
are my books.)
"sono"=>"sorera-no"（それらの）
e.g sorera-no hon wa watashi no(hon) desu. ( Those books are
mine.)
"are"=>"arera" （あれら）
e.g arera wa kare no hon desu. ( Those are his books.)
"ano"=>"arera-no"（あれらの）
e.g arera-no hon wa kare no hon desu. ( Those books are his books.)
Let's do some exercises now.
Exercise 1
Please make Japanese sentences
as in the following example
example
Is this your watch ? ( watch= Tokei )--Kore wa anata no tokei desu
ka.
1, positive answer --- Hai. sou desu. Kore wa watashi no tokei desu.
2, negative answer --- Iie, sou dewa- arimasen. Kore wa watshi no tokei
dewa-arimasen.
1, Is this your father's car
? ( father=おとうさん=otousan) *Please see topic at the end of the lesson.
1)
positive answer ---
2)
negative answer ---
2, Is this person your friend
? ( friend =ともだち＝tomodachi) ---
1)
positive answer ---
2)
negative answer ---
3, Are those Japanese dictionaries
yours ? ( yours =あなたの＝anatano )
(
the dictionaries are close to the person to answer )
1)
positive answer ---
2)
negative answer ---
4, Is that camera your camera
? ( camera= カメラ＝kamera )
(
the camera is far from you and the person to answer )
1)
positive answer ---
2)
negative answer ---
5, Is that photo your
family ? ( photo =しゃしん＝ shashin)
(
the photo is close to the person to answer )
1)
positive answer ---
2)
negative answer ---
B, Demonstrative of location ( Koko, Soko, Asoko )
Please read exemplary sentences. (You can click
here to hear this conversation.) Koko wa anata no ie desu ka.
( Is this place your home?)
（ここは あなたの 家ですか。）
Iie, watashi no ie wa asoko desu.( No,my
home is that place)
（いいえ、 わたしの家は あそこです。）
< Grammatical notes >
1,"koko" means "this place " . "soko " and "asoko " means
"that place ".
2, In conversation, if the place or building is a little
far from the both persons , they can use "soko" to refer to that.
If the place or building is far from
them, they can use "asoko" to refer to the place they are talikg
about.
Exercise
2
Please fill in the demonstrative word for location into the blank as shown in the example.
example: この家は わたしの家ではありません。
( ここ ) はわたしの父の家です。*父＝ちち
example: あの学校はあなたの学校ですか。
はい、（あそこ）はわたしの学校です。*学校＝がっこう
1, あのみせはケーキのみせです。
（ ）
はレストランではありません。 *みせ=shop
*ケーキ=cake *レストラン=restaurant
2, この部屋（へや）は勉強（べんきょう）の部屋ですか。
はい、（
）は勉強の部屋です。 *部屋（へや）=room
3, その公園（こうえん）は国（くに）の公園（こうえん）ですか。
いいえ、（ ）は国の公園ではありません。
* 公園（こうえん）=park ,*国（くに）=nation
4,
あなたの会社（かいしゃ）はあのビルですか。
はい、そうです。 （ ）はわたしの会社です。 *ビル=building
5, かれの家はそこですか。
はい、（
）はかれの家です。
C, Interrogatives ( Nani, Doko, Dare )
"Nani（なに）" means "What". "Doko（どこ）" means "Where" and "Dare（だれ）" means " who"
* "Dochira（どちら）"
in stead of "Doko" is used as a polite expression
* "Donata （どなた）"
in stead of "Dare" is used as a polite expression.
Basic question sentence structure using these interrogatives is as follows
*(Subject,topic) wa nan desuka ?
example これは なんですか。
. ( What is this ? )
*(subject,topic) wa doko/dochira
desuka ?
example. ここは どこ/どちら ですか。.(
Where is this place? )
*(subject,topic)wa dare/donata desu
ka
example あなたは だれ/どなた ですか。
( Who are you ? )
* Say "nan " instead of "nani " before " desu". Don't say "nani desu ka "
Now, how do you answer these questions ? That is
easy!.
Just replace the interrogative word by the word for the
answer .
Examples:
Kore wa nan desu ka（これはなんですか）-->( Tsukue
= table)-->Kore wa Tsukue desu（これは机です。）*机＝tsukue.
Koko wa doko desu ka（ここはどこですか）-->(
Ginkoo= bank)-->Koko wa Ginkou desu（ここは銀行です。）*銀行=ginkou
Anata wa donata desu ka（あなたはどなたですか）-->(
Yamada)-->Watashi wa Yamada desu（わたしはやまだです。）
Exercise 3
Please make question and answers in Japanese as in the example. (word order exercise)
Example: Q ( kore,
desu ,ka , wa, nan ) ----- Kore wa nan desu ka
A ( desu, wa, watashi, Kaban , no, kore ) -----Kore wa watashi no Kaban
desu. ( Kaban=bag)
1, Q ( Anata , nan, Shigoto,
desu, wa, no, ka )----
A ( Watashi ,
desu, Shigoto, Sensei, no , wa ) ---
* Shigoto =job, work * sensei=teacher
2, Q ( doko, Kaisha, wa, Anata,
desu,ka, no)----
A ( Kaisha
, desu, soko, wa, Watashi, no)----
* Kaisha= company, firm
3, Q ( Kono , desu, wa, ka, Shashin ,dare
)---
A ( desu, wa,
Shashin, watashi ,Tsuma ,no , kono)--
* Shashin=picture, photo, Tsuma = wife
4, Q ( Shumi , no, Anata ,wa, ka, nan ,
desu )---
A( wa, Shumi,
desu, no, watashi , Karaoke)---
* Shumi= hobby
5, Q ( Anata , ka, wa, Iriguchi,
no, ie, no, doko, desu)--
A ( desu,wa,
watashi, Iriguchi, no,no, ie, koko )--
* Iriguchi= entrance , ie=house
6, Q( Sono, Eiga, Kantoku,no
,desu, ka, wa, dare)--
A ( wa,
desu,Kantoku, Eiga, no, sono, Kurosawa )--
* Eiga=movie, Kantoku=director
D, How to make proper question sentence.
Please read the following sentences
1, Koko wa watashi
no ie desu.（ここはわたしの家です。）
( This place is my house )
2, Koko wa tomodachi no ie desu.（ここはともだちの家です。）(
This place is friend's house)
3, Watashi no ie
wa koko desu. （わたしの家はここです。） ( My house is
this place/here )
If the underlined words of the above 3 sentences are answers for questions, how do you make proper questions for each sentence ? Here are the answers.
1 (Answer) Koko wa watashi no ie
desu <====== (question) Koko wa doko
desu ka （ここはどこですか。）
Exercise 4
Example
Answer : Watashi wa Suzuki desu ====> Question: Anata
wa dare desu ka.
1, Answer:
わたしのなまえは トムです。( My name is Tom)
2, Answer:
わたしの学校（がっこう）は あそこです。 ( My school is there
)
3, Answer:
このひとは わたしの母（はは）です。 ( This person is my mother)
*母（はは）= mother
4, Answer:
あの車（くるま）は わたしの車です。 ( That car is my car
)
5, Answer:
そのこっきは アメリカのこっきです。 ( That flag is an American
flag ) *こっき= flag
=================================================================================
In Japanese, how to say personal nouns such as "father"."mother","elder/younger
brother","elder/
Generally speaking, when speaker refers to own family, the speaker uses
modest form like "chichi".
I show you other examples here.
(mother)
(older brother)
(younger brother)
(older sister)
(younger sister)
---------------------------------------------------------------------end of lesson-2------
< This place is my house >
2 (Answer) Koko wa tomodachi no
ie desu. <======( question) Koko wa dare no ie desu
ka. （ここはだれの家ですか。）
3 (Answer) Watashi no ie wa koko
desu. <====== ( question) Anata no ie wa doko
desu ka ? （あなたの家はどこですか。）
< My house is here/this palce >
< Where is your house ? >
Please compose questions appropriate for the following answer sentences as in the example.
*Please note the underlined word becomes answer
Question:
Question
Question
Question
Question
younger sister"are different depending on whether they refer
to the speaker's family or not..
For example, you can refer to "father" in " my father " as "chichi"
( watashi no chichi).
But, in case of "father" in "your father", it is preferable to
refer as "otoo-san" (anata no otoo-san).
But, when speaker refers to the other family, the speaker uses honorific
form like "otto-san".
my mother-- watashi no haha＝わたしの 母（はは）
your mother--anata no okaa-san＝あなたの お母さん
his mother--kare no okaa-san＝かれの お母さん
my older brother--watashi no ani ＝わたしの 兄（あに）
your older brother--anata no onii-san＝あなたの お兄さん
her older brother--kanojo no onii-san＝かのじょの お兄さん
my younger brother--watashi no otouto=わたしの 弟(おとうと)
your younger brother--anata no otouto-san＝あなたの 弟さん
his younger brother--kare no otouto-san ＝かれの 弟さん
my older sister--watashi no ane＝わたしの 姉（あね）
your older sister--anata no onee-san＝あなたの お姉さん
Mr.Mori's older sister--Mori-san no onee-san＝もりさんの お姉さん
my younger sister--watashi no imouto ＝わたしの 妹（いもうと）
your younger sister--anata no imouto-san＝あなたの 妹さん
Mr.Ito's younger sister-Ito-san no imouto-san ＝いとうさんの 妹さん
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