Earthing Strategy for DC Supplied Railway Systems
The following aspects are considered:

1). Evaluation of merits and demerits of different earthing schemes, including
   Totally floating system
   Direct earthing at substations
   High resistance earthing at substations
   Diode earthing at substations with stray current collection mats and
       earth current return wire

2). Introduction of different earthing devices:
   Spark gaps
   non linear resistors
   RPCD - rail potential control devices, including
   OVPD - over voltage protection devices
                 (as installed in Lantau & Airport Railways. Hong Kong)
   FNAGS - floating negative automatic grounding switches
                 (as installed in Ankara Metro, Turkey)
  
3). Simulation of DC power supply systems, incorporating earthing strategies

4). Effects of earthing strategy on touch voltage control and stray current control
For some detailed explanation of RPCD, click here.

For a trechnical paper on earthing simulation, click here.
My Info: Topical Links:
Rail Potential and Touch Voltage
Name:
Jian-Guo (Gordon) Yu
Email: Stray current and electrolytic corrosion
[email protected]
Railway system simulation
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