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Chapter 3
The Life
of the Prophet s.a.w.
By: Naufal Alkaff
Bismillah Al-Rahman Al-Rahiim.
The 7th Year of the Hijrah:
Ghazwah
Khaibar took place in Muharram, 7 A.H.
The Prophet (saw) married Safiyyah.
The other 2 Ghazwah that took place in this year are Ghazwah Wadi Qura and
Ghazwah Dhatur Riqa.
Compensatory Umrah. The Prophet (saw) order his people
in Dhul Qa'da especially those who witnessed the Treaty of Hudaibiyah, to make
preparations for Umrah. There (Umrah), the Muslims performed the usual Tawaf
(circumambulation) vigorously and briskly. The Prophet (saw) advised them to
eppear strong and steadfast in their Tawaf because the polytheist had spread
rumours that the Muslims were weak as the fever of Yathrib (Madinah) had sapped
their strength.
Khalid Bin Waleed and Amr Bin Aas the famous Makkans
embraced Islam.
The Prophet (saw) married Umm Habibah in Muharram 7 A.H.
The 8th Year of the Hijrah:
Ghazwah
Mu'tah occured in Jumada Al-Ulah, 8 A.H.
The Conquest of Makkah in Ramadhan
8 A.H. It was a great event that paved the way for Islamization of the whole
Arabia. The reason behind the Conquest of Makkah was violation of the clause of
the Treaty of Hudaibiyah. (Quraish break the law of the Treaty of Hudaibiyah).
The Prophet (saw) decided to march out to Makkah. He along with ten thousand
Muslims marched towards Makkah on 10th Ramadhan 8 A.H.
Then came out to
reconnoitre Abu Sufyan along with Hakeem Bin Hizan and Budail Bin Warqa. Abu
Sufyan enter the fold of Islam, he professed Islam.
The Prophet (saw) proclaimed: "He who takes refuge in Abu Sufyan's house is safe, whosoever confines himself to his house, the inmates thereof shall be safe and he who enters the Sacred Mosque is safe".
On Tuesday 17 Ramadhan, 8 A.H, the Prophet (saw) enter Makkah with his Companions. First the Prophet (saw) go to the Sacred House (Qa'aba). On the second day of the Conquest, the Prophet (saw) address the people, proclaimed that Makkah was a sacred land and would remain so till the Day of Judgement. The Makkans embrace Islam in great number after the Conquest of Makkah.
Ghazwah Hunain took place in Shawwal, 8 A.H.
Itab Bin Usaid was appointed
governor of Makkah.
Ghazwah Taif (extensions of the battle of Hunain).
The 9th Year of the Hijrah:
Ghazwah
Tabuk took place in Rajab, 9 A.H.
The First Hajj in Islam. It was made
obligatory in Dhul Qa'dah or Dhul Hijjah, 9 A.H.
Islam spread increasingly.
Prophet's (saw) son Ibrahim died.
Negus, the King of Abyssiniyah who had
embraced Islam died.
The 10th Year of the Hijrah:
The
Farewell Hajj. The Prophet (saw) performed Hajj one time and Umrah four times,
one of them included in the Hajj. Prophet (saw) Hajj called Hajjatul Wada
because his first and only Hajj was just three months before his death.
Khalid Bin Waleed was sent to Najran.
Ali Bin Abi Talib was sent to
Yamen.
The 11th Year of the Hijrah:
The
Prophet (saw) Death. The Prophet (saw) fall sick on Monday, 29th Safar 11 A.H.
The Prophet (saw) entered the mosque head-banded, sat on the pulpit and
spoke to the people gathered around him. He advised them not to make his tomb an
idol worship. He stressed the need to behave the Supporters nicely. He further
said that the number of believers would increase but the Supporters would
decrease until they would be like salt in the food.
The Prophet recommended three things: (1) Jews,
Christians and polytheists be expelled out of Arabia. (2) The delegations should
be honoured and entertained in the same was as he used to do. (3) Adherance to
the Holy Book (The Quran) and Sunnah.
The last prayer led by the
Prophet (saw) was sun set prayer of Thursday (4 days before his death).
On the last day, the Prophet (saw) told Fatimah that he would not recover from his illness and she wept. Then he told her that she would be the first of his family to join him; so she laughed.
The words uttered by the Prophet (saw) at the last
moment:
"With those on whom You bestowed Your
Grace- with the Prophets, the Truthful ones, the martyrs and the good ones. O
Allah! forgive me and have mercy upon me and join me to the Companion the High.
O Allah! the Companion the High".
The Prophet (saw) died on Monday 12th Rabi Al-Awwal, 11 A.H. He was 63 years
and 4 days old.
The Prophet (saw) was buried on Wednesday night in Aishah's
room. Abu Talha dug the grave. Ali Bin Abi Talib, Fadl Bin Abbas, Osamah Bin
Zaid and Aws Bin Khauli got down the grave to put the Prophet's (saw) body. The
Prophet's (saw) body washed on Tuesday with his clothes on by Ali Bin Abi Talib,
Abbas, Fadl and Qathem, sons of Abbas, and also Shaqran, the Prophet's (saw)
freed slave, Osamah Bin Zaid and Aws Bin Khauli.
People entered Aisha's apartment ten by ten and performed funeral prayer for the Prophet (saw). The first to pray were people of his clan, then the Emigrants and then the Supporters. Woman prayed for him after men. The young were the last to pray.
The door of the tomb (Aisha's apartment) was closed on 15th Ramadhan, 58 A.H. when Aishah died.