3rd Lesson - Back Muscles

After studying the creation of a character and its posture, we, in the second lesson, study the front muscles, and now we come to study the back muscles. In the first part of this lesson we have the posture and how should be the back muscles, (Fig. 1). The arms are raised in front, then the elbow is facing the viewer. Behind the neck we have the trapezoids, which have a format that fits in its name.

 Look in FIG. 2 as muscles overlap each other. Inthe middle of the back, there aren´t muscles (spine), and in both sides there are those long muscles (each side) responsible for bringing the arms back. On his side (light green and dark) we have other muscles responsible for pulling the arm and back down. And more on the side (orange) the dorsal muscles that appear on the design front.

Remember: always practice


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The triceps is divided into two muscles, one seen in a dark blue and other seen in light blue. But notice on the drawings below that the dark blue oval (in fig. 1 and 2 is hidden by the body) and the light blue seems a parallelogram and has raised a ligament that connects it almost to the elbow.
Furthermore, note that the shoulder appears in two muscles, black and red, and note that the muscles of the leg are all oval and in pairs



Remember the lesson 2, about the MUSCLE FIBERS, when drawing a muscle with great tension. To have a clearer idea in fiber, some designers see the FANTASTIC FOUR mag, and look for designs of HUMAN TORCH when in flames.


In this drawings we have some moves made by the arm of the character, whereas in fig. 3 we have placed the figure normally, with the arm slightly looking forwards, while the back muscles are in front of the triceps. In FIG. 4, there is the arm back movement. Note 3 things: 1-the forearm, in the closest view, is greater, 2 - that the muscles of the back are tended, 3 - that the triceps is ahead of the back And 4 - that, humanly, this is the farthest point that an arm comes back, facing forward (see fig. 7, for another movement).

The FIG. 5, on the other hand, the arm is moving forward. See the distension exerted by muscles that may require the inclusion of muscle fibers.

The FIG. 6 is a continuation of the movement started in fig. 3, through fig. 5 and resulting in this: the character trying to change a light bulb. There is the distension of the lower muscles and lower shoulder muscles and tension of the triceps and higher shoulder muscles, and in this case, the biceps appears. In the lesson dedicated to the face and head, we´ll discuss the back angle.

In FIG. 7 is that we have arm twisted back as if he were arrested, or taking something hidden. Note the difference within the figure. 4, as the elbow is bent and facing the body. See that the triceps, and even a portion of the biceps, is on the back.

It is worth remembering the lesson 2: We see above ways of handling the body. Important: the movement can not be impossible to be done, as a huge twist of the abs, or turn a knee far of what is possible. A BETTER WAY OF DRAWING A MOVEMENT ITS OBSERVING IT. VIEW YOURSELF IN THE MIRROR, LOOK AT OTHER PERSON. THIS LESSON SERVES FOR ALL TYPES PICTURES. Do not forget to respect the proportion of the body. Do not be ashamed to look in the mirror or ask someone to make a move in "slow motion" so you can choose a position.



Finally, we have below some examples of movements or scenes involving a character seen in the back. Note that in the character in the right (fig. 9) there is a projection on the back. It refers to the existing bone in this region which should also be drawn. Besides that, notice the triceps in front of the back muscles in the other picture.




End of the Third Lesson.

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