saqarTvelos geologiuri dargis ganviTarebis mimdinare da perspeqtiuli strategiuli gegma

ZiriTadi ganmartebani

winasityvaoba

Tavi 1: mdgradi strategia

1.1. saxelmwifo geologiuri samsaxuris ZiriTadi funqciebi da amocanebi

1.2. saxelmwifo geologiuri ruka

1.3. sainformacio sivrce

1.4. geodinamikuri usafrTxoeba

1.5. mineraluri resursuli fondis marTva

1.6. mineraluri resursebis ekonomikuri Sefasebis meTodika

1.7. resursuli fondis kvalwarmoebis ekonometrikuli safuZvlebi

1.8. resursuli fondis marTvis principebi

1.9. mineraluri resursebis saxelmwifo rezervi

1.10. ekonomikuri da samarketingo politika

Tavi 2: geologiuri dargis saxelmwifo marTvis saorganizacio struqtura

Tavi 3: fuladi nakadebis marTva

ZiriTadi ganmartebani

mineraluri resursi _ warmoadgens bunebriv mineralur warmonaqmns, romlidanac SeiZleba amoRebul iqnas liToni, araliTonuri elementi an naxSirwyalbadi, an romelic gamoyenebul SeiZleba iqnas mrewvelobaSi misi mTlianobis darRvevis gareSe.

resursuli baza _ warmoadgens dedamiwis qerqis mocemuli monakveTis mineraluri resursebis erTobliobas.

sabado _ warmoadgens daTvlili maragebis mqone mineraluri resursis zust bunebriv adgilsamyofels.

maragebi _ warmoadgens mineraluri resursis dadgenil raodenobas, romelic moipoveboda, moipoveba an SeiZleba mopovebul iqnas mocemul ekonomikur pirobebSi arsebuli teqnologiiT an teqnologiiT, romelic axlo momavalSi iarsebebs.

winasityvaoba 

Sexedulebani Tanamedrove etapze saqarTvelos ekonomikur ganviTarebaze metwilad asaxulia "ekonomikuri ganviTarebisa da siRaribis Semcirebis programaSi", romelic 2003 wlis ivlisSi damtkicebulia saqarTvelos prezidentis mier.

savsebiT gasagebia amitom, rom sabWoTa kavSirSi saerTod da saqarTveloSi, rogorc mis SemadgenlobaSi Semaval socialistur respublikaSi, mineraluri nedleulis geologiuri kvlevebisa da geoekonomikuri analizis zogadi principebi Zirfesvianad gansxvavdeboda anglo-saqsonuri makroekonomikuri tradiciisagan. cxrilSi 1 naCvenebia es ZiriTadi ganmasxvavebeli niSnebi.

 cxrili 1: sabWoTa da anglo-saqsonuri midgoma mineraluri resursebisadmi

 garda zemoTaRniSnulisa, yuradsaRebia Semdegi garemoeba: sabWoTa kavSirSi ssrk geologiis saministro da saqarTvelos geologiuri sammarTvelo, rogorc misi organuli Semadgeneli nawili, pasuxismgebeli iyo yvela im geologiur, SefasebiT, ZebniT, ZiebiT da sxva specializebul samuSaoebze, romelic qveynis masStabiT centraluri gegmiT xorcieldeboda. amitom saqarTvelos geologiuri sammarTvelo arsebiTad ormag funqcias atarebda. jer erTi, igi qveynis samTavrobo mmarTvelobiT struqturas warmoadgenda, magram, meores mxriv, igi TviTon iyo Tavisive damtkicebuli programebis erTaderTi Semsrulebeli. garda amisa, sammarTvelos dafinanseba xorcieldeboda ssrk geologiis saministros fondebidan da respublikis saxelmwifo biujeti geologiaze ar ixarjeboda. wlidan wlamde geologiuri sammarTvelos biujeti icvleboda 18-dan 40 milion maneTamde, rac imdroindel fasebSi daaxlovebiT 30-50 milioni dolaris tolfasi iyo.

aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, Cvens winaSe naTlad isaxeba sami urTierTdamokidebuli amocanis saswrafod gadaWris aucilebloba:

axali realobebidan da sabazro ekonomikis moTxovnebidan gamomdinare, unda SemuSavdes saxelmwifo geologiuri samsaxuris prioritetebi da mis winaSe mdgomi amocanebi. amasTan, erTxel da sabolood unda gaimijnos saxelmwifo da arasaxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa pasuxismgeblobani.

aseTi midgomidan gamomdinare, saswrafod unda SemuSavdes geologiuri samsaxuris iseTi struqtura, romelic pasuxobs dasmuli problemis racionalurad gadaWras. unda SemuSavdes da saswrafod amoqmeddes sabiujeto da arasabiujeto dafinansebis Sesabamis wyaroebi.

zustad am problemaTa jaWvis gadaWras winamdebare strategiuli gegma emsaxureba.

 Tavi 1: mdgradi strategia

ekonomikur dargebs Soris saxelmwifo geologiur samsaxurs Tavisi specifikuri da gansakuTrebuli adgili ukavia⁴. gamonakliss, rasakvirvelia, arc saqarTvelo warmoadgens, magram Cveni qveynis specifika imaSi mdgomareobs, rom ekonomikuri reforma aq jer-jerobiT ar aris dasrulebuli da arsebobs mxolod qveynis aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis reformirebis strategiuli gegma⁵. am gegmidan, agreTve saqarTvelos aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis rogorc gardamaval, aseve mdgradi ekonomikuri ganviTarebis etapebze mdgari amocanebidan gamomdinare, nax. 1 moyvanilia geologiis sferoSi saxelmwifo politikisa da saxelmwifo geologiuri samsaxuris funqciebis Cveni xedva.

rogorc vxedavT, Cveni modeli, pasuxobs ra msoflio standartebs⁶, xuT paralelur bloks moicavs:

1. saxelmwifo geologiuri da masTan Serwymuli rukebis marTva;

2. sainformacio geologiuri sivrcis Seqmna da Tanamedrove sainformacio teqnologiebis danergva;

3. geologiuri, seismuri da geodinamikuri usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa da amasTan dakavSirebiT Sesabamisi samonitoringo sistemebis danergva;

4. Tanamedrove teqnologiur doneze saqarTvelos mineraluri resursuli (maT Soris, gansakuTrebulad wylis) fondis marTva;

5. ekonomikuri da samarketingo samsaxuris amoqmedeba, romelic moicavs rogorc Sesabamis resursul fonds, aseve zemoT CamoTvlil sxva strategiul mimarTulebebs.

aRniSnuli midgoma savsebiT Seesabameba tradiciul dasavlur demokratiebSi geologiuri samsaxuris funqciebs⁷ _ aseTi samsaxuri uzrunvelyofs qveynis usafrTxoebas da xels uwyobs kerZo bunebiTsargeblobas Sesabamis ekonomikuri da samewarmeo garemos (licenzireba, nebarTvebis sistema, resursuli fondis marTva da a.S.) Seqmnis da uzrunvelyofis gziT.

saxelmwifo geologiuri ruka warmoadgens qveynis imijs – maRal-ganviTarebuli qveynebi geologiuri Seswavlilobisa da, Sesabamisad, xarisxiani saxelmwifo geologiuri rukiT gamoirCeva da piriqiT, ganviTarebad qveynebSi, rogorc wesi, geologiuri rukis xarisxi dabalia.

regionuli geologiuri kvlevebi, romelic moicavs funqciurad urTierT dakavSirebul 1 : 500 000 da 1 : 200 000 masStabebis geologiur, hidrogeologiur da sxva mravalmiznobrivi daniSnulebis rukebis Sedgenas da gamocemas, geologiis erT-erTi fundamentaluri mimarTulebaa. aRniSnuli samuSaoebi saxelmwifo geologiuri samsaxuris prioritetul mimarTulebad iTvleba msoflios yvela ganviTarebul qveyanaSi. geologiuri Sinaarsis saxelmwifo rukebisa da ganmartebiTi baraTebis kompleqtebis permanentuli ganaxleba qveynis ekonomikuri ganviTarebis, misi samxedro (gravitaciuli da magnituri velebis rukebi, samxedro-sainJinro rukebi) da resursuli (mineraluri resursuli fondis ganawilebis rukebi) usafrTxoebis, socialuri dacvis, saSiSi stiqiuri geodinamikuri procesebis (miwisZvrebi, mewyerebi, Rvarcofebi da sxv.) prognozirebis erT-erTi winapirobaa. es geologiuri produqcia fundamenturi samecniero da praqtikuli safuZvelia geologiur-saZiebo samuSaoebis mizandasaxuli dagegmarebisTvis, saqarTvelos teritoriis wiaRisa da resursuli saxelmwifo fondis samarTavad, wiaRiT sargeb-lobis sferoSi saxelmwifo politikis SesamuSaveblad, wiaRis dacvisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis koncefciis dasanergad, miwaTsargeblobis sxvadasxva saxeobebis organizaciisaTvis, seismuri da geodinamikuri daraionebisTvis da sxva.

aRniSnul rukebsa da maT ganmartebiT baraTebSi moyvanili informaciis momxmarebelia qveynis ekonomikis yvela dargi seqtori (mrewveloba, energetika, mSenebloba, soflis meurneoba, Tavdacva, garemos dacva, medicina, turizmi, navTob- da gazsadenebis, sarkinigzo da saavtomobilo magistralebis, gvirabebis, wyalsacavebis, melioraciuli sistemebis mSenebloba da sxv.).

zemoTqmulis gaTvaliswinebiT, geologiis saxelmwifo departamentma 1995 wels SeimuSava Sesabamisi programa "saqarTvelos teritoriis regionuli geologiuri Seswavla da mineraluri resursebis Sefaseba".

programiT gaTvaliswinebuli samuSaoebis ZiriTadi amocanaa:

• rsebuli geologiuri, geofizikuri, geoqimiuri, aerokosmiuri da sxva informaciis sinTezi Tanamedrove geologiuri Teoriebis, meTodikebisa da geologiuri informaciis interpretirebis safuZvelze da kompiuteruli teqnologiebis gamoyenebiT, savele da laboratoriuli kvlevebis aucilebeli da sakmarisi moculobebis gaTvaliswinebiT. am kvlevaTa ZiriTadi mizania axali Taobis 1 : 500 000 da 1 :200 000 masStabis mravalmiznobrivi daniSnulebis saxelmwifo rukebis kompleqtebisa da maTi ganmartebiTi baraTebis Sedgena-gamocema.

• Tanamedrove meTodikebis gaTvaliswinebiT, mineraluri resursuli bazis prognozuli resursebis kompleqtis Sedgena da geologiur-ekonomikuri dasabuTeba.

• saqarTvelos teritoriis wiaRis saxelmwifo fondis formireba, strategiuli mniSvnelobis wiaRis ubnebis dadgena da qveynis mineraluri resursuli bazis gansazRvra.

qveynis usafrTxoebisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis uzrunvelsayofad aucilebelia da sakmarisi 1: 500 000 da 1: 200 000 rukebis Tanamedrove kompleqtebis arseboba. 1 : 200 000 masStabebis geologiuri rukebi ukanasknelad wina saukunis 60-iani wlebis dasawyisSi gamoica. msoflioSi dagrovili gamocdilebidan gamomdinare, aseTi saxis samuSaoebi permanentulad tardeba. ganaxlebuli geologiuri rukebi yovel 10-15 weliwadSi gamoicema (samTamadno raionebSi ki 7-10 weliwadSi erTxel).

amrigad, arsebuli rukebi moZvelebulia da ver akmayofilebs Tanamedrove moTxovnebs, vinaidan mas Semdeg miRebulia principulad axali geologiuri informacia. am rukebSi ver pova asaxva axalma Sexedulebebma da Teoriebma, romlebmac mniSvnelovnad Secvala mecnierebis warmodgenebi dedamiwis qerqis agebulebisa da ganviTarebis Sesaxeb, Seicvala geologiuri samuSaoebis warmoebis mecnieruli safuZvlebi.

aqedan gamomdinare, geologiuri departamentis, mowveuli eqspertebisa da saerTaSoriso mrCevelebis mier dadginda 1 : 500 000, agreTve 1 : 200 000 masStabis rukebis minimalurad aucilebeli kompleqti.

1. 1 : 500 000 masStabis rukebia:

· geologiuri ruka;

· mineraluri resursebis gavrcelebis ruka;

· metalogenuri (minerageniuli) ruka;

· teqtonikuri daraionebis ruka;

· teqtonikuri ruka;

· magnituri anomaluri velis ruka;

· absoluturi magnituri velis ruka;

· gravitaciuli velis ruka;

· seismo-teqtonikuri ruka;

· siRrmuli geologiuri agebulebis ruka;

· mtknari miwisqveSa wylebis hidrogeologiuri ruka;

· mineraluri miwisqveSa wylebis hidrogeologiuri ruka;

· geoTermuli resursebis ruka;

· geodinamikuri ruka;

· geomorfologiuri ruka;

· meoTxeuli naleqebis ruka;

· eko-geoqimiuri ruka (landSaftur safuZvelze).

· geologiuri ruka;

· mineraluri resursebis ganawilebis ruka;

· struqturuli ruka;

· ekologo-geologiuri ruka;

· gravitaciuli velis ruka;

· magnituri velis ruka;

· siRrmuli geologiuri agebulebis ruka;

· hidrogeologiuri ruka;

· sainJinro-geologiuri ruka.

saqarTvelos geologiuri samsaxurisa da qarTuli geologiuri mecnierebis TiTqmis saukunovani saqmianobis Sedegad dagrovda uzarmazari informacia, romelic Seicavs monacemebs saqarTvelosa da samxreT Tu Crdilo kavkasiis sxva saxelmwifoebis teritoriis geologiuri, geomorfologiuri agebulebis, Semcveli qanebis petrologiuri, petroqimiuri da fizikur-meqanikuri Tvisebebis, qanTmaSeni mineralebis qimiuri, kristalografiuli, rentgeno-struqturuli, izotopuri agebulebis, geofizikuri da geoqimiuri velebis Taviseburebebis, mineraluri resursebis gavrcelebis, maTi Sida agebulebis, warmoqmnis geologiuri, struqturuli, geoqimiuri, Termobarogeoqimiuri da fizikur qimiuri pirobebis Sesaxeb. saqarTvelos teritoriaze gaburRulia aTasobiT regionuli, struqturuli da ZebniT-saZiebo Wa, romelTa kerni Seswavlilia da ganzogadebulia. garda amisa, arsebobs am WaburRilTa geofizikuri, nawilobrv – cifruli, karotaJis monacemebi.

es uzarmazari informacia, ZiriTadad, rusulenovania, ar aris formalizebuli da mocemulia 30 aTasze met angariSSi, romelic daculia geologiis saxelmwifo departamentTan arsebul geologiur fondSi. TviToeuli angariSi mravalwigniania da Sedgeba aseulobiT gverdze Camoyalibebuli teqsturi nawilisagan da uamravi grafikuli (sxvadasxva Sinaarsisa da masStabis geologiuri rukebi da Wrilebi, sqemebi, WaburRilTa liTologiuri svetebi, blok-diagramebi, geofizikuri da geoqimiuri grafikebi, daTvlil maragTa konturebi da sxva) da teqsturi (mineralogiuri, qimiuri, geoqimiuri, fizikur-meqanikuri, izotopuri, Termobarogeoqimiuli da sxva Tvisebebis amsaxveli cxrilebi) danarTebisagan. aRsaniSnavia, rom informaciis aseT masaSi orientireba garTulebulia da xSirad saWiro informaciis mopovebas esaWiroeba Tveebi da ramodenime adamianis Tavdauzogavi Sroma, rac anelebs geologiuri samuSaoebis operatiulobas da zrdis maT TviTRirebulebas. mTeli es informacia aRnusxulia qaRaldze da droTa ganmavlobaSi xdeba misi daZveleba da mospoba. gansakuTrebiT es exeba grafikul informacias (rukebi, Wrilebi), romelTa pirveli pirebi sabWoTa periodSi igzavneboda sakavSiro geologiur fondebSi, xolo adgilze rCeboda e.w. "amiakis qaRaldze" gadatanili aslebi, romelsac axasiaTebs gamosaxulebis TviTganadgurebis Tviseba, ris gamoc es masala nel-nela praqtikulad gamouyenebeli xdeba da ikargeba. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom yoveli geologiuri obieqti TavisTavad warmoadgens unikalur qmnilebas da mas ar axasiaTebs TviTaRdgenis Tviseba, gasagebi xdeba, Tu ramdenad Zvirfasia is informacia, romelsac aTwleulobiT agrovebda qarTvel geologTa ramodenime Taoba.

aRniSnuli mdgomareobidan gamomdinare dRemde ver xerxdeba qveynis mineraluri resursuli bazis monitoringisa da marTvis efeqturi sistemis Camoyalibeba.

gadaWriT unda iTqvas, rom minimaluri fuladi resursebis SemTxvevaSi aseTi infrasistemis Seqmnis SesaZlebloba da saTanado inteleqtualuri resursebis arseboba ukve damtkicebulia realuri qmedebebiT¹⁰

saqarTvelo stiqiuri geologiuri procesebis ganviTarebis masStabebiT da maTgan miyenebuli negatiuri SedegebiT msoflios mTiani mxareebis urTules regions ganekuTvneba. stiqiuri movlenebis Zlieri zegavlenis sferoSi moqceulia adamianis saqmianobis yvela sfero da periodulad katastroful situaciaSi aRmoCndebian asobiT dasaxlebuli punqtebi, sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebi, mniSvnelovani sameurneo-sainJinro obieqtebi (gzebi, navTobisa da gazsadenebi, maRali Zabvis eleqtrogadamcemi xazebi da a.S.). bolo 30 wlis manZilze dangreuli da maRali riskis saSiSroebis zonidan gayvanilia 50 000-ze meti ojaxi, xolo zogierT raionSi stiqiiT dazianebuli mosaxleobisaTvis SeuZlebeli gaxda adgilze mdgradi farTobebis SerCeva da da saWiro gaxda maTi sxvadasxva raionSi gadayvana. magram yvelaze sagangaSo ki is aris, rom 1987 wlidan stiqiam Seiwira 350-ze meti adamianis sicocxle.

1967-68 wlebSi dasavleT saqarTveloSi mTlianad amovarda miwiTsargeblobis fondidan 30 aTasi ha farTobi, daingra da dazianda 10 aTasi sacxovrebeli saxli, axal sacxovrebel adgilze gadayvanil iqna 5 000 ojaxi, xolo saerTo zaralma 500 mln. dolari Seadgina. 1987-88 wlebis katastrofuli stiqiis Sedegad, romelmac moicva TiTqmis mTeli saqarTvelo, zaralma 1 mlrd. dolars gadaaWarba, xolo 1991-92 wlebSi miwisZvrebiT, mewyrul-gravitaciuli da Rvarcofuli movlenebiT gamowveulma zaralma 10 mlrd. dolars miaRwia da aqedan moyolebuli saqarTvelos sxvadasxva geodinamikurad maRali daZabulobis regionebSi yovelwliuri zarali 200-300 mln. dolaris farglebSi meryeobs. geologiis saxelmwifo departamentis monacemebiT dRes stiqiuri procesebis saSiSroebis zonaSi imyofeba 3 000-mde dasaxlebuli punqti 400 000-ze meti ojaxiT da 4,7 mln. ha teritoria¹¹.

saqarTvelos geologiis saxelmwifo departamenti erTaderTi uwyebaa, romelic bolo 35 wlis manZilze eweva saqarTveloSi stiqiuri geologiuri procesebis Tanamimdevrul kvlevas da iZleva procesebis regulirebis RonisZiebebis rekomendaciebs. am mxriv yofil sabWoTa respublikebs Soris saqarTvelo Seswavlilobis yvelaze maRali doniT xasiaTdeba¹². kvlevebis analizi adasturebs, rom bunebrivi da anTropogenuri faqtorebis zemoqmedebiT garemos ekosistemaSi Seiqmna ekologiuri daZabulobis zRvargadasuli krizisuli situacia, ramdenadac stiqiuri procesebis gaaqtiureba wlidan wlamde matulobs da intervalebi maTi eqstremaluri gaaqtiurebis Soris mniSvnelovnad mcirdeba. kritikuli daZabulobis risks kidev ufro zrdis is garemoeba, rom 1991-92 wlebis seismuri daZabuloba dRemde ar Senelebula da mecnieruli prognoziT axlo momavalSi arc Seneldeba.

saerTod unda aRiniSnos, rom, qveynis teritoria 7-9 baliani miwisZvrebis riskis zonaSia moqceuli. miwis zedapirze miwisZvrebi ormag uaryofiT gavlenas axdens. jer erTi, pirdapiri zemoqmedeba iwvevs Senobebisa da sainJinro nagebobebis ngreva-deformacias, xolo meores mxvriv, masStabur mewyrul-gravitaciul da Rvarcoful movlenebs aaqtiurebs. MagaliTad, 2002 wlis Tbilisis miwisZvram gamoiwvia qalaqis geoekologiuri situaciis ukiduresi garTulebebi.

miwis zedapirze mimdinare stiqiuri geologiuri procesebis saSiSroebis risks katastrofulad zrdis bunebrivi landSaftis funqciuri kavSirebis mkveTri destabilizacia adamianis zRvargadasuli saqmianobis Sedegad (tyis masivebis usistemo Cexva, miwebis aTviseba, axali satransporto obieqtebis mSenebloba, rekonstruqcia da sxva). aseTi zemoqmedeba kidev ufro gaizrdeba qveynis axali socialur-ekonomikuri mowyobis pirobebSi da axal geopolitikur sivrceSi.

Seqmnili krizisuli mdgomareobidan gamomdinare ekologiuri situaciis garTulebebis da operatiuli kontrolis ganxorcielebis mizniT gadaudebel aucileblobas warmoadgens monitoringuli kvlevebis erTiani saxelmwifo sistemis Seqmna. am mizniT saqarTvelos ministrTa kabinetma 1993 wels miiRo #967 dadgenileba, romliTac gaTvaliswinebuli iyo saqarTvelos respublikis garemos monitoringis erTiani saxelmwifo sistemis Seqmna, xolo am dadgenilebiT geologiis departaments daevala garemos monitoringis erT-erTi Semadgeneli sistemis _ geologiuri garemos monitoringis ganxorcieleba. SemdgomSi saqarTvelos prezidentma, gaiTvaliswina ra stiqiuri procesebiT qveyanaSi Seqmnili mZime ekologiuri situacia da mosaxleobis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofis, saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis sainJinro-sameurneo obieqtebis saimedo funqcionirebisa da saerTod qveynis socialur-ekonomikuri potencialis mdgradi ganviTarebis miznebi, 1997 wels gamosca specialuri brZanebuleba #66 - `saqarTvelos teritoriaze saSiSi (stiqiuri) geologiuri procesebis ganviTarebisa da maTgan miwebisa da miwisqveSa hidrosferos dacvis RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb". es metad mniSvnelovani da Sors gamiznuli dokumenti, upirveles yovlisa, iTvaliswinebs stiqiuri geologiuri procesebis ganviTarebis kanonzomierebebis Seswavlas, procesebis qcevis xasiaTze uwyvet liTomonitoringul kvlevebs, sxvadasxva donis prognozs da marTvis sakiTxebis damuSavebas. AmisTvis ki aucilebelia geodinamikuri dakvirvebisa da monitoringis qselis Seqmna.

aseTi qseli, zogadad, ori elementisagan unda Sedgebodes.

qselis pirveli elementi seismologiur procesebs ukavSirdeba. am mxvriv, didi mniSvneloba eniWeba saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis geofizikis institutis seismologiur qsels, romlis meSveobiTac isazRvreba momxdari miwisZvris parametrebi. Tbilisis 2002 wlis 25 aprilis miwisZvris Semdeg saqarTvelos mTavrobis mxardaWeriT moxda investiciebis moxerxda am qselis modernizacia. kerZod, specialuri donoruli dafinansebis mobilizebis gziT SeZenil iqneba aTamde Tanamedrove cifruli seismosadguri. dReisaTvis, ukve damontaJda pirveli sami maTgani da momzadda maRalkvalificiuri axalgazrda mecnierTa jgufi.

qselis meore elementi liTosferos inJinerul-geologiur monitorings exeba. aseTi monitoringisTvis geologiis saxelmwifo departamentma mecnierebaTa akademiis geografiis institutTan erTad SeimuSava saxelmwifo miznobrivi programa, romelic ganxilul da mowonebul iqna saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier 1997 wlis 7 maisis sxdomaze (oqmi#14) da gadaegzavna ekonomikis saministros. stiqiuri procesebis liTomonitoringuli kvlevebTan dakavSirebuli finansireba Sevida qveynis prezidentis mier damtkicebul socialur-ekonomikuri ganviTarebis indikatiur gegmaSi (muxli 4.19.38) saTanado investiciebiT 1,25 milioni laris farglebSi yovelwliurad. saxelmwifo-miznobrivi programis srulfasovnad amoqmedebis mizniT geologiis saxelmwifo departamentis daqvemdebareSi funqcionirebs maRali kvalifikaciiT dakompleqtebuli specialuri samsaxuri - sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri "bunebis stiqiuri procesebis da sainJinro-geologiuri kvlevebis centri stiqia". Rasakvirvelia, aucilebeli dafinanseba ver xorcieldeba, ris gamoc qveynis usafrTxoebas saSiSroeba emuqreba.

qveynis geodinamikuri (da samxedro) usafrTxoebis mniSvnelovan elements geofizikuri velebis monitoringi da marTva Seadgens. bolo 50 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos teritoriaze Catarebulia sxvadasxva saxis mniSvnelovani geofizikuri samuSaoebi. aRniSnuli samuSaoebis Sedegad dagrovilia didi safondo da saarqivo masalebi, romelTa erTiani kompleqsuri gadamuSaveba da ganzogadoeba Tanamedrove maTematikuri da kompiuteruli meTodebiT jerjerobiT ver momxerxda. Seiqmna paradoqsuli situacia – saqarTvelos mTavrobam ar icis, ra SesaZleblobebi gaaCnia qveyanas. amitom, pirvel rigSi, unda ganxorcieldes arsebuli geofizikuri masalis gadamuSaveba da ganzogadeba, am samuSaoebis Sedegi iqneba saxelmwifo geologiuri rukis kompleqtSi Semavali da zogierTi sxva 1 : 200 000 geofizikuri rukebis ageba. aRniSnuli samuSaoebis Catarebis Semdeg ukeT daisaxeba samomavalo geofizikuri samuSaoebis strategiuli mimarTulebebi. magram dResac SeiZleba dabejiTebiT Camoyalibdes am samuSaoebis perspeqtivebi.

aseT samomavlo samuSaoTa eWvgareSe prioritets gravimetriuli (zedapiruli da aero) dakvirvebani Seadgens. am meTodiT saqarTvelos teritoria saSualo, Tumca araTanabari, masStabis agegmviT mTlianad dafarulia. aqedan gamomdinare 1 : 200 000 masStabis gravimetriul monacemTa banki moiTxovs gadamowmebas da Sesworebas axali maRali klasis Tanamedrove gravimetrebis gamoyenebiT.

qveynis samxedro usafrTxoebasTan pirdapir dakavSirebulia e.w. specialuri geologiuri samuSaoebi, romlebic specialuri rukebis kompleqtebisa da Sesabamisi obieqtebis specialuri standartebiT Sedgenili cxrilebisa da sqemebisgan (aero- da kosmofotoebis deSifrirebis masalebi) Sedgeba. aseTi samuSaoebis Sesrulebis dros xdeba Sesaswavli teritoriis fizikur-geografiuli pirobebis (reliefi, hidrografia, klimati), niadagebis, mcenareuli safaris, saavtomobilo gzebis, bilikebisa (maT Soris SemovliTi) da xidebis, teritoriis gamavlobis pirobebis; savele-safortifikacio mSeneblobis pirobebis, samSeneblo masalebisa da wyliT momaragebis pirobebis aRwera. Sedegad, xdeba samxedro-sainJinro rukis Sedgena.

aseTi ruka gankuTvnilia teritoriis samxedro-sainJinro SefasebebisTvis, ris safuZvelzec warmoebs sajariso nawilebis umaRles taqtikur da operatiul rgolebSi sabrZolo operaciebis dagegmva, organizacia da sainJinro uzrunvelyofa. rukaze gaSuqebulia samxedro teqnikisaTvis gzebze da ugzoobis pirobebSi gamavlobis pirobebi, gzebis, xidebis, gvirabebis, bilikebis, uReltexilebis, hidroteqnikuri nagebobebis teqnikuri mdgomareoba da parametrebi maTi gamtarunarianobis SefasebiT, wylis barierebi da maTi gadalaxvis pirobebi, kaSxlebis dangrevis SemTxvevaSi teritoriis SesaZlo datborvis sazRvrebis Sefaseba, Tanamedrove geologiuri procesebi da movlenebi (zvavi, Rvarcofi, mewyeri, CamonaSali) da maTi xelovnuri aqtivizaciis gamowvevis meTodebi strategiuli mniSvnelobis gzis monakveTebis, nagebobebis mwyobridan gamoyvanis mizniT. sameTauro simaRleebisa da vertmfrenebis dasaSvebi moednebis gamoyofa da sxva.

specialuri geologiuri samuSaoebis kidev erT produqts savele-safortifikacio mSeneblobis ruka Seadgens. Misi mizania safortifi-kacio nagebobebis mSeneblobisTvis aucilebeli sainJinro-geologiuri pirobebis Sefaseba, miwis samuSaoebisTvis gruntebis damuSavebis meTodebis, saSualebebisa da Tvisebebis gansazRvra, safortifikacio da sagzao mSeneblobis uzrunvelyofas adgilobrivi samSeneblo da xis masalebiT uzrunvelyofa da sxva.

sajariso nawilebis wyalmomaragebis ruka wyvets Semdeg sakiTxebs:

teritoriis wyalmomaragebis saerTo mdgomareoba, miwisqveSa da zedapirul wylebze arsebuli punqtebis gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba jaris wyalmomaragebisaTvis, axali wyalmomaragebis punqtebis mosawyobi adgilebis dadgena, saxelmwifo sazRvrebisken mimavali ZiriTadi momarTulebebis wyliT momarageba da sxva.

specialur cxrilebSi moyvanilia detaluri informacia xidebis, bilikebis, gvirabebisa da gamoqvabulebis, uReltexilebis, mdinareebis, hidroteqnikuri nagebobebis, tbebisa da wyalsacavebis, Webisa da wyaroebis, saeqsploatacio WaburRilebis, wyalsadenebisa da zRvis sanapiro zolis Sesaxeb.

saqarTvelos geologiis saxelmwifo departamentsa da mis mmarTvelobaSi myof dawesebulebebs gaaCniaT aseTi samuSaoebis Catarebis mniSvnelovani gamocdileba, maT Soris – dsT-s sxva qveynebSi.

dabolos, geodinamikuri usafrTxoebis ganuyofel nawils sxvadasxva geodinamikuri negatiuri movlenebisa da katastrofebis dros uwyebaTa SeTanxmebuli moqmedebis standartuli gegmebisa scenarebis Sedgena warmoadgens. aseTi scenarebi SemuSavebul unda iqnas, upirveles yovlisa, Tavdacvis da sagangebo situaciaTa saministroebsa da sazRvris dacvis departamentTan mWidro TanamSromlobaSi.

saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebi

resursuli fondi warmoadgens qveynis teritoriasa da mis gansakuTrebul ekonomikur zonaSi ganTavsebul sabadoTa da maRaroTa erTobliobas, romlisTvisac damtkicebulia saxelmwifo balansze ayvanili maragebi arsebuli kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad¹3 amrigad, resursuli fondi warmoadgens resursuli bazis im nawils, romlic Tavisi ekonomikuri da samrewvelo maCveneblebiT SeiZleba CarTul iqnas sabazro urTierTobebSi.

resursuli fondis marTva, arsebuli kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos geologiis saxelmwifo departamentis gansakuTrebuli movaleobaa. fondis marTvis sistema ramdenime sabazo principzs efuZneba¹⁴:

1. wiaRiTsargeblobis kanonmdeblobas;

2. sxvadasxva kategoriis resursebisTvis Sesabamis sakanonmdeblo reJims;

3. resursuli fondis saxelmwifo kadastris¹⁵ marTvas;

4. mineraluri resursebis saxelmwifo rezervis Seqmnas;

5. wiaRiTsargeblobis licenzirebas;

6. resursuli fondis Sesabamisi nawilis moZraobas wiaRiTmosar-gebleTa Soris wiaRiT sargeblobis uflebis saTanado gasxvisebiT;

7. wiaRis kapitalizaciasa da sekurizacias.

dRevandeli mdgomareobiT, resursuli fondi (naxSirwyalbadebis velebis gamoklebiT) moicavs balansze ricxul 674 sabados, romelTa ganawileba saxeobebis mixedviT naCvenebia cxrilSi 2, xolo TviToeuli saxeobis sabadoTa procenti – nax. 2-ze.

nax. 2: sabadoTa raodenobis ganawileba saxeobebis mixedviT

 cxrilSi 3-13 naCvenebia saqarTvelos resursuli fondis maragebi resursebis saxeobaTa mixedviT.

1.6. mineraluri resursebis ekonomikuri Sefasebis meTodika

 sabWoTa kavSirsa da, Sesabamisad, saqarTveloSi sabadoTa ekonomikuri Sefaseba da maragebis daTvla e.w. geologiur kondiciebs efuZneboda. klasikuri gagebiT, geologiuri kondiciebi warmoadgens sebadoSi madnebis (an aramadniani nedleulis) im minimalur maragsa da madnebSi sasargeblo komponentis im minimalur Semcvelobas, romelTa qveda zRvarze sabados samrewvelo aTviseba ekonomikurad an teqnologiurad SeuZlebeli xdeba¹⁶. sxva sityvebiT, sabadoTa Semokontureba geologiuri kondiciebis safuZvelze xorcieldeboda: minimaluri Semcvelobis konturi sabados zRrul konturs warmoadgenda. rasakvirvelia, droTa manZilze geologiuri kondiciebi mcirdeboda da sabadoTa maragi, Sesabamisad, izrdeboda nax. 3 magaliTisTvis naCvenebia ruseTis imperiisa da Semdgom sabWoTa kavSiris sabadoebSi oqros minimaluri Semcvelobis Semcirebis dinamika. oqros Semcvelobis pirveli mkveTri Semcireba madnebis flotaciuri meTodis danergvasa da, Sesabamisad, oqros endogenuri sabadoebis aTvisebasTanaa dakavSirebuli. grafikis meore eqstremaluri gadaxra oqros amalgamirebis cianirebiT Secvlas ukavSirdeba. geologiuri kondiciebis Semcireba iwvevs, jer erTi, arsebuli sabadoebis maragebis avtomatur gazrdas (is, rac adre ar iyo madani, madnad gadaiqca) da, meorec, samrewvelo procesSi axali, dabalSemcvelobiani, sabadoebis CarTvas.

 

nax. 3: oqros minimaluri Semcveloba ruseTisa da ssrk sabadoebSi

sxvadasxva wels¹⁷

 sabadoTa geologiuri kondiciebi sruliad sakavSiro maragTa saxelmwifo komisiis mier mtkicdeboda mTlianad ssrk-sTvis. aqedan gamomdinare, kondiciebis Secvla mTels qveyanaSi sabadoTa maragebisa da mineraluri nedleulis saxelmwifo balansebis gadaTvlis aucileblobas ganapirobebda. amasTan erTad, rogorc vTqviT, kondiciebis SemuSavebaSi ZiriTadi yuradReba politikur-ekonomikur viTarebas eTmoboda. amis dasadastureblad sakmarisia erTi martivi magaliTis moyvana. cxrilSi 13 moyvanilia sabadoTa geologiuri kondiciebi.¹⁸ mivaqcioT yuradReba Semdeg garemoebebs:

cxrili 13: metalur sabadoTa geologiuri kondiciebi

sabadoebi	liTonebi	minimaluri maragi, t	minimaluri Semcveloba, %
Savi liTonebi	Fe, Mn	aseuli aTasi	20-25
feradi liTonebi	Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni	aTeuli aTasi	0.4 - 1
iSviaTi liTonebi	W, Mo, Sn, Hg, Li, Be	aTasi	0.1 - 0.2
radiaqtiuri liTonebi	U, Th	igive	0.05 - 0.1
xalasi liTonebi	Au, Re, Pt, Ru	kilogramebi	0.0005

 

liTonTa geologiuri kondiciebi maTi dedamiwis qerqSi gavrcelebis (e.w. klarkis, anu mTis qanebSi saSualo Semcvelobis) proporciulia - rac ufro maRalia liTonis klarki, miT ufro didia geologiuri kondiciebi;

liTonTa sabazro fasi maTi klarkis ukuproporciulia logariTmul masStabSi;

radioaqtiuli liTonebi, romelTa moxmareba sabWoTa kavSirSi, ZiriTadad, samxedro da strategiuli miznebiT iyo ganpirobebuli, xasiaTdeba igive klarkiT, rac iSviaTi liTonebi (da geoqimiurad isini swored iSviaTi liTonebisa da miwebis ojaxs miekuTvneba), magram maTi geologiuri kondiciebi orjer ufro mcirea. es garemoema, cxadia, araviTar ekonomikur kanonzomierebas ar eqvemdebareba da mxolod strategiuli politikuri miznebiT SeiZleba yofiliyo axsnili.

absoluturad sxva midgomaa damaxasiaTebeli dasavleTuri geoekonomiuri tradiciisTvis. am tradiciis Sesabamisad nebismieri mineraluri resursis ekonomikuli mniSvneloba misi fasis indeqsiT () SegviZlia aRvweroT¹⁹:

, USD (1)

sadac P_S aris 1 t madnis kuTri fasi, USD/t, xolo Q_O madnis maragia, t.

madnis kuTri fasi damokidebulia sabados geoekonomikur tipze (madnis TviToeuli komponentis sabazro fasis xangrZliv tendenciebze), sasargeblo komponentebis koncentraciaze, maTi amoRebis SesaZleblobasa da madnis TviTRirebulebaze:

, (2)

sadac P_i aris sasargeblo i komponentis sabazro fasi, USD; C_i misi koncentraciaa madnebSi, g/t; k_Ei aris i komponentis amoRebis koeficienti; xolo K_O 1 t madnis TviTRirebulebaa mis Zebnasa da Ziebaze daxarjuli saxsrebis CaTvliT, USD/t.

sabados mTeli geologiuri sivrce dayofilia elementarul ujredebad. TviToeuli elementaruli ujredisTvis gamoiTvleba kuTri fasi P_S da maragTa daTvlisas yuradReba eqceva mxolod im elementarul ujredebs, sadac P_S dadebiTia. maragTa daTvlis aseTi teqnologia SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu danergilia Tanamedrove kompiuteruli geostatistikuri meTodebi²¹, saxeldobr ki - variografia da krigingi.

aRwerili meTodis gamoyenebis gareSe absoluturad SeuZlebelia ara marto Cveni qveynis mineraluri resursebis makroekonomikuri Sefaseba, aramed maTi sabadoebis maragebzec ki seriozuli msjeloba. es saqarTvelos geologiuri samsaxuris ZiriTadi amocana unda gaxdes uaxloes wlebSi. Magram ukve dRes SesaZlebelia gamartivebuli sqemiT moqmedeba, raTa miviRoT anglo-saqsonuri kriteriumebiT saqarTvelos resursuli fondis met-naklebad zusti Sefaseba. Cven kvlevebs ori ZiriTadi winapiroba daedo safuZvlad^:

maragebis gadaTvlas moiTxovda mxolod madniani sabadoebi, anu iseTi mineraluri sxeulebi, romelnic liTonis an nebismieri sxva elementis amosaRebad gamoiyeneba mrewvelobaSi²². aseT sabadoebSi, marTlac, sasargeblo elementis koncentracias gadamwyveti roli eniWeba. aramadnian sabadoebSi, piriqiT, moipoveba mTis qanis mTliani masa, romelic Semcveli qanebisgan qimiuri, fizikuri, meqanikuri, dekoratiuli, esTetikuri an sxva TvisebebiT gamoirCeva. amitom aseTi sabadoebi maragebis gadaTvlas ar saWiroebda.

aRniSnuli tipis makrokonomikuri kvlevebis Catareba principulad SesaZlebelia mxolod im obieqtisTvis, sadac cnobilia ZiriTadi teqnikur-ekonomikuri maCveneblebi, anu Sesrulebulia is samuSaoebi, romlebic Tanamedrove makroekonomikaSi Feasibility study-s saxeliTaa cnobili. resursuli fondis analizisTvis SesaZlebelia ufro zogadi kanonzomierebebis gamoyeneba, roca TviToeuli resursis maragi da ekonomikuri mniSvneloba sabadoTa rentabelobis koeficientiT aRiwereba²³:

, (3)

sadac p_D sabadoTa rentabelobis koeficientia.

aRniSnuli midgoma SesaZleblobas gvaZlevs, jer erTi, universaluri kriteriumis safuZvelze () erTmaneTs SevadaroT absolututad sxvadasxva geoekonomikuri tipis resursebi da meorec, Cveni qveynis mineralur sanedleulo bazas mivceT zusti faseulobiTi gamosaxuleba.

aRniSnuli samuSaoebi 1991 wels daiwyo, roca naTeli gaxda, rom sabWoTa makroekonomikuri midgoma sruliad gamoudegaria saqarTvelos damoukidebeli ekonomikuri ganviTarebisTvis. aseTi daskvnisTvis ramdenime winapiroba arsebobda:

sabWoTa kavSirSi nebismieri mineraluri resursis sabados ekonomikuri mniSvneloba ganixileboda mTlianad giganturi qveynis samrewvelo interesebidan gamomdinare da mxedvelobaSi absoluturad ar miiReboda ara marto samTamadno raionis, aramed "socialisturi respublikis" realuri makroekonomikuri maCveneblebi (infra-struqtura, momsaxureobis Rirebuleba, siaxlove sanedleulo bazrebTan d a.S.).

ssrk-s ekonomikuri infrastruqtura stalinis mier Tavidanve ise iyo dagegmili, rom verc erT regions, verc erT socialistur respublikas ver earseba sxva respublikebisgan ekonomikurad damoukideblad. sinamdvileSi es qmnida gigantur satransporto Semxvedr nakadebs, vinaidan samTamadno raionebi, gadamamuSavebeli centrebi da moxmarebis regionebi mravali aTasi kilometriT iyo erTmaneTisagan daSorebuli. magaliTad, rkina rusTavis metalurgiuli qarxnisTvis daSqesanis maRarodan (azerbaijani) Semoitaneboda, naxSiri - donbasidan, maSin, rodesac kremenCukis metalurgiuli kombinati tyibulis naxSirs moixmarda²⁴.

trockis politikuri diskreditacia ar Seexo mis qveynis farglebSi Sromis socialisturi ganawilebis models. am modelis Tanaxmad, sabWoTa kavSiris mTeli arsebobis manZilze misi mTeli teritoria gigantur ekonomikur raionebad iyo dayofili da TviToeuli am raionisTvis kapitaluri dabandebebis gegma (praqtikulad, sekvestris gareSe) mTlianad xuTwledisTvis (xruSCovis dros - SvidwledisTvis) mtkicdeboda. saqarTvelo ar Sedioda perseqtiuli samTamadno raionebis ricxvSi.

sabWoTa kavSirSi saerTod bunebiT- da, kerZod, wiaRiTsargebloba iyo ufaso; damatebuli Rirebuleba iqmneboda mineraluri resursebis gadamuSavebis pirvel stadiaze. amiT giganturi disproporcia iqmneboda mineraluri resursebis fassa (ufaso) da Rirebulebas Soris, rac, Tavis mxriv, kvotirebuli unaRdo sistemis SemoRebas iTxovda.

am mizezebs bevri sxvac SegviZlia davumatod, magram zemoT aRniSnulidanac aSkarad Cans mineraluri resursebisadmi socialisturi midgomis mankiereba da misi sxva, Tavisufal sabazro principebze agebuli, midgomiT Secvlis aucilebloba.

qvemoT moyvanil cxrilSi 14 mocemulia amgvari analizis Sedegebi, romelnic ganzogadebulia saxelmwifo balansze myofi resursebis ZiriTadi tipebis mixedviT.

aRsaniSnavia, rom mocemul cxrilSi rogorc mTlianad fondis, aseve nedleulis calkeul saxeobaTa samrewvelo aTvisebis xarisxi mopovebuli da darCenili maragebis fasis indeqsTa SefardebiT aris gamosaxuli.

amrigad, resursuli fondi, rogorc Tanamedrove makroekonomikur maCveneblebSi gamosaxuli saxelmwifo balansze ayvanili resursebis jami, Sefasebulia fasis indeqsis (anu prognozirebadi Semosavlis) mixedviT 90 miliard aSS dolarad. moyvanili monacemebi ramdenime principuli daskvnis gakeTebis SesaZleblobas iZleva:

• makroekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT yvelaze ufro mniSvnelovania saqarTvelos energoresursebi (navTobi, qva- da mura naxSiri, Termuli wylebi, torfi), romlebic fasis indeqsiT, sayovelTaod aRiarebuli azris miuxedavad, 1.5-jer aRemateba mineralur wylebs. es ukanasknelni, Tavis mxvriv, sxva mineralur resursebze ufro maRali fasis indeqsiT xasiaTdeba.

• xalas, ferad da msubuq liTonebs (Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Al) daaxloebiT iseTive fasis indeqsi aqvs, rac Sav liTonebs (rkina da manganumi). iSviaTi liTonebi da elementebi (Mo, W, Hg, As, Sb), qarTul dariSxanze uzarmazari imedebis miuxedavad, mxolod SezRuduli geoekonomikuri mniSvnelobiT xasiaTdeba.

• sxva myar mineralur resursebs Soris, romelTa saerTo xvedriTi wili mTlianad resursul fondSi 25% ar aRemateba, met-naklebad mniSvnelovania qimiuri da agroqimiuri nedleuli, mosapirkeTebeli da saSeni masalebi, magram maTi ekonomikuri roli gacilebiT ufro mokrZalebulia, vidre es aris zogadad miCneuli.

cxrili 14: saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebis ZiriTadi tipebis

geoekonomikuri Sefaseba

#	resursebiss ZiriTadi tipi	xvedriTi wili, %	samrew-velo aTvisebis xarisxi, %	darCenili resurse-bis fasis indeqsi, mln $
1	sawvavi da energoresursebi	33.6	40	30 250
2	Savi liTonebi	10.1	45	9 090
3	feradi da Zvirfasi liTonebi	12.4	6	11 160
4	iSviaTi liTonebi da elementebi	0.8	5	720
5	qimiuri da agroqimiuri nedleuli	4.7	15	4 230
6	keramikuli nedleuli	0.5	70	450
7	naxevradZvirfasi qvebi	0.9	3	810
8	mosapirkeTebeli masalebi	8.6	10	7 740
9	inertuli da saSeni masalebi	4.0	25	3 600
10	mineraluri da Termuli miwisqveSa wylebi	22.0	4	19 790
11	sxva nedleuli	2.4	35	2 160
12	mTlianad	100.0	24	90 000

 

zeviT

 

1.7. resursuli fondis kvalwarmoebis ekonometrikuli safuZvlebi

 sabWoTa kavSiris arsebobis bolo aTwledSi modaSi Semovida geoekonomikuri kvlevebis Taviseburi paradoqsuli modeli: mTeli e.w. dargobrivi geologiuri mecniereba gadavida ssrk-s sxvadasxva ekonomiuri raionis teritoriis prognozul Sefasebaze sxvadasxva saxis mineralur resursze. gaCnda prognozuli resursebis cneba, romelsac, ra Tqma unda, araviTari kavSiri ar hqonda realurad arsebul maragebTan. ufro metic, Seiqmna saTanado matematikuri aparatic²⁵, romelmac scada formaluri saxiT aRewera araformaluri informacia dedamiwis qerqSi mineraluri resursebis ganawilebis kanonzomierebebis Sesaxeb. aseT midgomas Tavidanve erTi fundamenturi nakli gaaCnda: resursebis Zebna-ZiebiTi strategiis SemuSavebisas araviTari yuradReba ar eqceoda aRmosaCeni obieqtebis ekonomikur efeqtiurobas, gazomils saZiebo danaxarjebisa da aRmoCenili resursebis maragebis fasis indeqsis fardobiT. sabWoTa makroekonomikur mecnierebaSi aseTi terminic ki ar arsebobda _ mxedvelobaSi miiReboda mxolod prognozuli samuSaoebis geologiuri efeqtiuroba, anu aRmoCenili sabadoebis wili saZiebod SemoTavazebul farTebSi.

savsebiT gasagebia, rom sabazro ekonomikur principebze dafuZnebuli qveynis makroekonomikuri modelisTvis arsebuli sabWoTa geoekonomikuri midgoma gamoudegaria. amitom saqarTvelos geologiuri sammarTvelos (SemdgomSi _ geologiis saxelmwifo departamenti) mier dagrovebuli prognozuli infirmacia an saerTod uvargisia saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebis perspeqtivebis dasadgenad, an, ukeTes SemTxvevaSi, seriozul mecnierul gadaazrebasa da xelaxal analizs moiTxovs.

geoekonomikuri modelireba aanalizebs urTierTdamokidebulebas ZiebiTi samuSaoebis moculobasa da mineraluri resursis aRmosaCen garantirebulad rentabelur maragebs Soris. garantirebulad rentabeluria mineraluri resursis is maragebi, romlebic arsebuli ekonomikuri realobebis (sabazro fasebi resursze) fonze garantirebulad dafaravs danaxarjebs Ziebaze da samTamadno saqmeze da mogvcems saTanado Semosavals. aseTi kvlevebis pioneri gaxldaT amerikeli geoekonomisti m.k. hiuberti, romelmac 1969 wels, navTobis saerTaSoriso krizisis dros, mogvca aSS_Si da saerTod dasavleTis samyaroSi navTobis garantirebulad rentabeluri maragebis zrdis dinamika, riTac makroekonomikuli safuZveli Cauyara krizisis daZlevis politikur strategias²⁶. SemdgomSi es meTodi daixvewa n.m. libermanisa²⁷ da p. de verte harisis²⁸ SromebSi.

"aRmoCena ¾ rentabeloba"-s terminebSi garantirebulad rentabeluri mineraluri resursis raodenoba warmoadgens saZiebo burRvis jamuri raodenobis funqcias:

, (4)

sadac: Q aris mineraluri resursis maragi, romelic geoekonomikurad misi fasis indeqsiT gamoixateba, xolo h aris saZiebo burRilebis jamuri sigrZe. am SemTxvevaSi usasrulo Seesabameba garantirebulad rentabelur maragebs . vinaidan dedamiwas aqvs sasruli zomebi da sabadoebSi moqceuli maragebi raodenobrivad SezRudulia, SeiZleba Sefasdes saZiebo WaburRilebis sasruli sigrZis () funqciiT:

(5)

am kanonzomierebaTa statistikuri analizi, ra Tqma unda, SesaZlebelia gantolebaTa diferencirebiT an, empiriul analizSi, damatebiTi funqciis SemoRebiT:

(6)

Tu Cven davaskvniT, rom gamoxatavs mxolod saZiebo burRvis jamur efeqts, maSin funqciis ganmarteba martivi integraluri gantolebiT iqneba SesaZlebeli:

(7)

hiubertma am funqciis principulad eqsponenciuri xasiaTi daamtkica (nax. 5) da gamoiyena mravalwliani empiriuli monacemebi aSS-s navTobis resursebis Sesafaseblad.

 

nax. 5: hiubertis eqsponencialuri modeli

 

am gantolebis analizuri amoxsnisTvis hiubertma martivis eqsponenciuri gantoleba SearCia:

(8)

aqedan, (5) da (6) gantolebebis Sesabamisad:

(9)

maSasadame, hiubertis modelSi problemis gadawyveta K da B koeficientebis SerCevaSi mdgomareobs.

araganaxlebadi resursebisTvis hiubertis kanonzomierebani rTuldeba, jer erTi, sabadoebis TandaTanobiTi gamoleviT, rac, upirveles yovlisa, drois proporciulad eqspluataciaSi myofi madnebis xarisxis gauaresebaSi gamoixateba. da meorec, mxedvelobaSi unda viqonioT resursebis inflacia, anu drois proporciulad resursebis sabazro fasis kanonzomieri Semcireba. aseTi geoekonomikuri modelebi SemogvTavazes n.m. libermanma²⁹ da p. de verte harisma³⁰.

davuSvaT, rom araganaxlebadi resursis fasis indeqsis momateba saZiebo burRvasTan damokidebulebaSi (mimdebare fasebSi) gamoixateba idealuri eqsponencialuri gantolebiT. davuSvaT agreTve, rom am resursis wliuri inflacia Seadgens x procents. maSin, jamuri funqcia unda warmovidginoT, rogorc gantoleba (8)-T gamosaxuli funqcia , gamravlebuli inflaciis gamomxatvel wevrze :

(10).

de verte harisma dauSva, rom:

(11)

sadac r asaxavs araganaxlebadi resursis inflaciis tendencias, rogorc x-s meased wils: , xolo funqcia akavSirebs gaburRuli Webis sigrZes drois faqtorTan. maSin, Tu davuSvebT, rom funqcia warmoadgens eqsponencialur mruds uaryofiTi damreci kalTiT:

(12)

da Tu funqcia wrfivia: , maSin:

(13)

(6.4) da (6.5) gantolebebidan gamomdinare SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom:

(14)

Zneli ar iqneba davamtkicoT, rom am amocanas eqneba racionaluri axsna mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac , raSic gamoixateba modelis arawinaaRmdegobrivi ekonometrikuli arsi.

amrigad, Cvens mier dasaxuli ekonometrikuli amocanis _ fasis indeqsiT gamosaxuli mineraluri resursebis garantirebulad rentabeluri maragebis zrda () zRvaramde _ amoxsna daiyvaneba a, b, r da K koeficientebis empiriul SerCevaSi, rac SegviZlia Tundac sabadoTa sapasporto monacemebisa da xangrZlivi sabazro tendenciebis analizis safuZvelze ganvaxorcieloT.

sinamdvileSi, ra Tma unda, amocana rTuldeba sabadoTa gavrcelebis geologiuri kanonzomierebis gaTvaliswinebis aucileblobis gamo. yuradReba unda mivaqcioT, agreTve, sxvadasxva resursisTvis damaxasiaTebeli geologiuri sxeulebis morfologias da, aqedan gamomdinare, maTi Ziebis specifikas. ekonometrkikuli analizis pirobebSi aseTi ganzogadeba daiyvaneba TviToeuli resursisTvis dedamiwis qerqis zustad gansazRvruli moculobis dadgeniTa da -sTvis zusti ricxobrivi mniSvnelobis SerCeviT.

aseTi tipis ekonometrikuli 1995 wels daiwyo³¹. nax. 6 moyvanilia aseTi kumulatiuri (anu jamuri) mrudebi ZiriTadi liTonebisTvis. nax. 7 Seicavs analogiur informacias saqarTvelos qimiuri da agroqimiuri resursebis Sesaxeb. modelis arsi mdgomareobs: a) pirvelad garantirebulad rentabelur investirebaSi ZiebiT samuSaoebSi pirveli sabados aRmoCenamde am sabadodan miRebuli Semosavlis garkveuli nawilis (25%-mde) reinvestirebiT Semdgom ZiebiT samuSaoebSi; b) yvela ZiebiTi samuSaos erTdroul dawyebaSi.

nax. 6: saqarvelos liTonebis maragebis zrdis modeli

aseTi midgomis gamoyenebiT Cven SegviZlia arsebuli geologiur-metalogeniuri realobis fonze SevqmnaT saqarTvelos mTliani resursuli fondis kvlavwarmoebis ekonometrikuli modeli, romelSic dadgindeba korelacia saWiro investiciebsa da fasis indeqsiT gamosaxul garantirebulad rentabelur resursebs Soris. nax. 8 moyvanilia aRniSnuli modeli, romelic kapdabandebis raodenobasa da sanedleulo bazis fasis indeqsis namats Soris urTierTdamokidebulebas avlens. Tavidanve avRniSniT, rom moyvanili mrudi kumulatiuri xasiaTisaa.

nax. 7: saqarTvelos qimiuri da keramikuli resursebis

maragebis zrdis modeli

 

rogorc vxedavT, ganxiluli kanonzomiereba, yvela albaTuri procesis msgavsad, mkveTri eqstremumiT (gausis ganawileba) xasiaTdeba. amitomac, investirebis xvedriTi wilis zrdasTan erTad, Tavdapirvelad matulobs misi efeqtiuroba, magram SemdgomSi sul ufro da ufro Zneli xdeba resursebis axali maragebis aRmoCena, ris QSedegadac Ziebis efeqtiuroba klebulobs.

nax 8: ZiebiTi samuSaoebis makroekonomikuri modeli

 

naxazze naCvenebia kapitaluri dabandebebis ekonomikuri efeqtiurobis zRvari, romlis Semdeg resursuli fondis zrdaSi investireba araefeqturi xdeba rentabelobis dacemasa da risk-faqtoris matebasTan dakavSirebiT. amrigad, ekonometrikuli modelireba gviCvenebs, rom 650 mln aSS dolaris donis investireba saqarTvelos resursuli fondSi mogvcems 10 miliardi dolaris odenobis fasis indeqsSi gamosaxul ekonomikur efeqts. Semdgomi investirebis efeqtiuroba mkveTrad daecema.

aRniSnuli modelis paralelurad SesaZlebelia Seiqmnas samTamadno saqmianobis makroekonomikuli modelic. aseTi modelirebis Taviseburebebze me aq ar SevCerdebi, vinaidan igi Cveulebrivi makroekonomikuli modelirebis farglebs ar scildeba. nax. 9 moyvanilia aseTi modeli, romelic saqarTveloSi samTamadno saqmianobis ganviTrebis SesaZlebel dinamikas ganixilavs.

modeli, ra Tqma unda, moicavs investirebis optimaluri dinamikis fonze miRebul mosalodnel Sedegebs, romelTa albaToba 95% Seadgens (stiudentis t-kriteriumis Sesabamisad). modelSi moyvanilia mxolod ganzogadebuli monacemebi, romlebic miRebulia saqarTvelos sxvadasxva raionebisa da mxareebis resursuli fondis sxvadasxva tipebis saeqsperto ekonometrikuli ricxvobrivi Sefasebis SejerebiT. modelis arawinaaRmdegobrivi arsi arsebul da aRmosaCen sabadoTa 100%-anad optimalur (anu ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT yvelaze ufro rentabelur) da erTdroul eqspluataciaSi mdgomareobs. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, modeli warmoadgens im idealur situacias, romelTanac miaxlovebis done reursuli fondis saxelmwifo marTvis efeqtiurobas aRwers.

nax. 9: samTamadno saqmianobis makroekonomikuli modeli

zeviT

 

1.8. resursuli fondis marTvis principebi

 sabazro principebidan gamomdinare resursuli fondis samarTavad gansaxorcielebelia ramdenime xisti da swrafi RonisZieba. pirveli rigis aucileblobas warmoadgens:

1. Seicvalos kanonmdebloba:

• Seiqmnas bunebrivi resursebis saxelmwifo rezervi;

• bunebrivi resursebis sxvadasxva kategoriisTvis dawesdes sxvadasxva sakanonmdeblo reJimi;

• daSvebul iqnas farTod gavrcelebuli bunebrivi resursebis privatizeba;

• kerZo pirTaTvis daSvebul iqnas strategiul resursebSi Sesabamisi wilis floba;

• daSvebul iqnas bunebrivi resursebis sabazro fasis bunebiTmosargeble kompaniebis sawesdebo kapitalSi CarTva.

2. SemuSavebul iqnas resursuli fondis marTvis axali sqema, rogorc es naCvenebi iqneba Semdeg TavSi.

3. Seiqmnas bunebiTsargeblobis gadasaxadidan warmoqmnili fuladi nakadis marTvis adeqvaturi transparantuli modeli, rogorc es naCvenebia nax. 10.

nax. 10: fuladi nakadis marTvis sqema

4. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi SemoRebul iqnas mineraluri resur-sebis axali klasifikacia:

• resursebis saxelmwifo rezervi;

• strategiuli resursebi;

• farTo gavrcelebis resursebi.

5. dawesdes resursTa sxvadasxva kategoriisTvis sxvadasxva sargeblobisa da sagadasaxado reJimi:

I. resursebis saxelmwifo rezervi:

• 100% saxelmwifo sakuTreba;

• wiaRiT mosargeble flobs wiaRiT sargeblobis uflebas licenziis saxiT, romelic mis aramaterialur qonebas Seadgens;

• daumuSavebeli resursebi ar SeiZleba gaiyidos, gasxvisdes, gadaeces memkvidreobiT da a.S.;

• wiaRiT sargeblobis gadasaxadis ganakveTi – 100%.

II. strategiuli resursebi:

• sakuTrebis forma – wiaRiT mosargeble saaqcio sazogadoeba flobs resursis 100%. aqciebis 51% procenti ekuTvnis saxelmwifos da am aqciebis paketis gasxviseba akrZalulia. 49% SeiZleba flobdes sxvadasxva iuridiuli statusis mqone kompania(ebi) an kerZo piri(ebi).

• kompania flobs materialur qonebas – mineralur resurss.

• daumuSavebeli resursi (an mflobelobidan gamomdinare misi wili) SeiZleba gaiyidos, gaqiravdes, gagiravdes, gadaeces memkvidreobiT, Caidos garantiad da sxv.

• WiaRiT sargeblobis gadasaxadis ganakveTi – 50%.

III. farTo gavrcelebis resursi:

• saaqcio sazogadoeba flobs aqciaTa 100%. kerZo piri(ebi) SeiZleba flobdes(nen) aqciaTa 100%.

• kompania flobs materialur qonebas – mineralur resurss.

• daumuSavebeli resursi (an mflobelobidan gamomdinare misi wili) SeiZleba gaiyidos, gaqiravdes, gagiravdes, gadaeces memkvidreobiT, Caidos garantiad da sxv.

• wiaRiT sargeblobis gadasaxadis ganakveTi – 0%.

me-2 da me-3 kategoriis mineralurii resursebiT mosargeble saaqcio sazogadoeba sargeblobs mTeli rigi upiratesobiT, rogoricaa:

• resursis sabazro fasis sawesdebo kapitalSi CarTvis ufleba, ris gamoc kompaniis Rirebuleba mniSvnelovnad izrdeba;

• Rirebulebis gazrda ufro mimzidvels xdis kompanias yvela tipis (sabanko, aqciebis paketebis Semsyidveli da a.S.) investorisTvis;

• wvrili SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoebebs eqmnebaT SesaZlebloba gaerTiandes saholdingo tipis saaqcio sazogadoebaSi da isargeblos aqciaTa kapitalizaciis yvela upiratesobiT;

• qarTvel wiaRiT mosargeblebs eqmnebaT SesaZlebloba gavidnen evropis kapitalur bazrebze da iTamaSon kompaniaTa "umaRles ligaSi".

aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, calsaxad naTelia, rom resursuli fondis saxelmwifo marTvis Tanamedrove sqemis asamoqmedeblad aucilebelia mniSvnelovani sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi. saqarTvelos geologiis saxelmwifo departamenti aqtiurad muSaobs axali wiaRiT sargeblobisa da samTamadno kodeqsis SesamuSaveblad, romelic wlis bolosTvis mzad iqneba. magram, parlamentis mier kodeqsis miRebis SemTxvevaSic ki am principebis amoqmedeba SeuZlebeli iqneba mineraluri resursebis saxelmwifo rezervis Seqmnis gareSe.

zeviT

 

1.9. mineraluri resursebis saxelmwifo rezervi

 

klasikuri ganmartebiT³², mineraluri resursebis saxelmwifo rezervi warmoadgens resursuli fondis im aucilebel da sakmaris nawils, romelic, qveynis usafrTxoebis moTxovnebidan gamomdinare, aucilebelia da sakmarisi fors-maJorul situaciaSi qveynis normaluri funqcionirebisTvis. Saxelmwifo rezervis arsebobis aucilebloba aratotalitarul qveynebSi naTlad gamoaSkaravda sparseTis yureSi navTobis krizisis Sedegad. rogorc cnobilia, maSin krizisidan gamosvla orma garemoebam ganapiroba:

• OPEC-is daarsebam da

• aSS-s navTobis maragebis mniSvnelovani nawilis saxelmwifo rezervSi gasxvisebam. am procesis makroekonomikur Sefasebas ki n.m. libermanis³³ Sromebma Cauyares safuZveli.

zeviT

 

1.10. ekonomikuri da samarketingo politika

ekonomikuri da samarketingo kvlevebis ZiriTad amocanebsa da mizans Seadgens:

• saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebis zrdis, ganviTarebisa da aTvisebisTvis, maTi saerTaSoriso bazarze gatanisa da damkvidrebisaTvis saWiro xelsayreli ekonomikuri politikis SemuSaveba da misi ganxorcieleba;

• saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebis zrdisa da aTvisebis saSualebaTa (ZiriTadi fondebi, adgilobrivi potenciali da sxv.) kompleqsuri marketingi;

 

nax. 11 : saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebis saxelmwifo rezervis 

SesaZlo Sida struqtura

• dasaxuli miznebis misaRwevad saWiro ekonomikuri, marketinguli da sxva saxis kvlevebis Catareba, monacemTa damuSaveba, sistematizacia da analizi, rogorc saerTaSoriso praqtikaSi miRebuli, ise axladSemuSavebuli meTodebiTa da saSualebebiT;

• sxvadasxva fondebTan, kompaniebTan, birJebTan, saagentoebTan, uwyebebsa da dawesebulebebTan, agreTve, saerTaSoriso safinanso da donor organizaciebTan urTierToba;

• sainformacio, sareklamo, sazogadoebrivi (R) da sxva msgavsi saqmianobis ganxorcieleba saerTaSoriso praqtikaSi miRebuli meTodebiTa da saSualebebiT.

vinaidan saqarTveloSi aseTi saxis samuSaoebi jer ar aris dawyebuli, pirveli rigis amocanebs Seadgens:

• saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebis marketingis politikisa da strategiis SemuSaveba;

• arsebuli sakanonmdeblo bazis analizi da misi srulyofisaTvis saWiro winadadebebis SemuSaveba;

• saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebis sainformacio monacemTa bazis ganaxleba da damuSaveba Semdgomi gamoyenebisaTvis;

• saqarTvelos geologiis saxelmwifo departamentis veb-gverdis Seqmna da masze Sesabamisi sainformacio bazisa da sxva monacemebis ganTavseba;

• sainformacio bukletis, 2003 wlis bolosTvis sareklamo kalendris da sxva nabeWdi masalis maketebis momzadeba.

zeviT

 

 

Tavi 2: geologiuri dargis saxelmwifo marTvis saorganizacio struqtura

 geologiuri dargis saxelmwifo marTvis generaluri sqema naCvenebia nax. 12-ze. naxazidan aSkarad Cans, rom dargi principulad samsarTuliania.

nax. 12: geologiuri dargis saxelmwifo marTvis principuli sqema

 naxazidan aSkarad Cans, rom naCvenebi sqema sruli moculobiT Seesabameba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobas aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis Sesaxeb, evroparlamentis samoqmedo principebs, evrosabWos deklaraciebs da programebs, agreTve, saxelmwifo marTvis Tanamedrove samecniero principebs³⁵ kerZod, dargis saxelmwifo marTvis umaRles rgols saxelmwifo departamenti warmoadgens. departamenti gansazRvravs dargSi qveynis politikas, qmnis Sesabamis sakanonmdeblo bazas, zrunavs qveynis usafrTxoebaze, uzrunvelyofs wina TavSi CamoTvlili generaluri prioritetebis ganviTarebas, qmnis saxelmwifo programebs, agreTve, ganapirobebs saxelmwifo samarketingo politikis ganxorcielebas.

saxelmwifo da arasaxelmwifo programebs, sxva sameurneo da arasameurneo saqmianobas tenderebis mogebis gziT sajaro da kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi axorcielebs. am tenderebis Catarebas, maT gamWvirvalobas, agreTve, pirdapir an arapirdapir geologiis saxelmwifo departamenti uzrunvelyofs. amisTvis prioritetul, qveynis usafrTxoebasTan da mis sasicocxlo interesebTan dakavSirebuli programebis gansaxorcieleblad departamenti afuZnebs misdami sruliad angariSvaldebul sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirebs, xolo nebismier sxva saqmianobas am ukanasknelebTan erTad kerZo samarTlis pirebi axorcielebs.

am sajaro da kerZo pirTa qmedebebs departamentisadmi angariSvaldebuli maregulirebeli organoebi warmarTavs da akontrolebs, risTvisac gaicema saTanado licenziebi.

malicenzirebeli saagentoebis garda, erTerT umniSvnelovanes maregulirebel organos saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebis maragebis saxlmwifo komisia (saagento) warmoadgens. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, aRniSnuli komisia pasuxismgebelia qveyanaSi mineraluri resursebis maragebis daTvlis axali teqnologiebis SemoRebasa da maT damtikicebaze, uklebliv yvela mineraluri resursebis sabadosTvis Sesabamisi geologiur-teqnikuri kondiciebis damtkicebaze, yvela sabados maragebis daTvlis sisworis Semowmebaze, maragebis wliuri moZraobis monitoringze da sxva.

saxelmwifo departamentisadmi angariSvaldebul sajaro da kerZo iuridiul pirTa Soris umniSvnelovanesi roli daekisrebaT:

· kavkasiis mineraluri nedleulis instituts;

· ss "saqarTvelos geologiisa da samTo saqmis erovnul kompanias";

· geologiuri da teqnikuri momsaxurebis centrs;

· GIS-saqarTvelos;

· saqgeolfonds;

· stiqias;

· seismohidrogeodeformaciuli kvlevis erovnul centrs;

· saqgeoleqspertizas;

· saSiSi geologiuri procesebis inJinruli regulirebis samsaxursa

da sxvas.

nax. 13 asaxavs geologiis saxelmwifo departamentis axladdamtkicebul Sida struqturas, romelic mowodebulia pirvel TavSi mocemuli mdgradi strategiis gansaxorcieblad.

zeviT

 

Tavi 3: fuladi nakadebis marTva

savsebiT cxadia, rom pirvel TavSi moyvanili amocanebis gadasaWrelad aucilebelia rogorc sabiujeto, aseve arasabiujeto saxsrebis mobilizeba.

cxrilSi 15 moyvanilia saqarTvelos geologiis saxelmwifo departamentis savaraudo biujeti.

 

cxrili 15: 2004 wlis saqarTvelos geologiis saxelmwifo
departamentis biujeti
##	xarjebis saxeobebi	dafinanseba, aTasi lari
		sabiujeto	arasabiujeto	mTlianad
I	saerTo xarjebi da dakrediteba	444,2	4434,0	4878,2
	dafarvis gareSe
II	saerTo xarjebi (III+IV)	444,2	4434,0	4878,2
III	mimdinare xarjebi	444,2	3981,5	4425,7
1	xarjebi saqonelsa da momsaxurebaze
2	muSa-mosamsaxureTa Sromis anazRaureba	280,8	2573,6	2854,4
3	xelfasi
4	premia
5	danamati da wanamati
6	daxmareba
7	anaricxebi damqiraveblidan	89,7	798,9	888,6
8	mivlinebebi	10,3	198,5	208,8
9	qveynis SigniT
10	qveynis gareT
11	sxva saqoneli da momsaxureba:	63,4	410,5	473,9
12	ofisis xarjebi
13	komunaluri momsaxureba
14	satransporto xarjebi
15	sawvavis xarjebi
16	remontisa da Senaxvis xarjebi
17	sxva xarjebi
IV	kapitaluri xarjebi		452,5	452,5
18	manqana-danadgarebis da mowyobilobebis SeZena		447,5	447,5
19	aramaterialuri aqtivebis SeZena		5,0	5,0

rogorc vxedavT, finansuri gegma gulisxmobs dargis gansavi-Tareblad sabiujeto da arasabiujeto saxsrebis mobilizebas. amasTan, sabiujeto saxsrebi arasabiujeto dafinansebis 10.01 procents Seadgens.

 

nax. 14 asaxavs 2004-2008 wlis dargis finansur gegmas, xolo nax. 15 – amave wlebSi sabiujeto saxsrebis wils saerTo dafinansebaSi.

 

nax. 14: geologiuri dargis dafinansebis perspeqtiuli gegma

 

nax. 15: sabiujeto dafinansebis wili saerTo xarjebSi

moyvanili grafikebidan aSkarad Cans, rom sabiujeto dafinanseba ar gaizrdeba da daixarjeba mxolod saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis programebze.

2004 wels yvela saxelmwifo dakveTa samuSaoebi Tavs moiyris or saxelmwifo programaSi:

• geologiuri dargis ganviTarebis saxelmwifo programa;

• wylis resursebis aTvisebis saxelmwifo programa.

• amasTan, sabiujeto saxsrebi daixarjeba mxolod qveynis sasicocxlo interesebisa da usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad. aseTi prioritetebidan davasaxelebT:

• saxelmwifo geologiuri rukis kompleqtacia;

• wylis dakvirvebis qselis aRdgena da monitoringi;

• specialuri kvlevebi.

• arasabiujeto dafinansebis wyaroebs, Cvenis varaudiT, warmoadgens:

• axali kanonmdeblobis miRebis Semdeg wiaRis gadasaxadidan warmoqmnili fuladi nakadi;

• gaweuli momsaxurebis safasuri;

• specialuri donoruli da sainvesticio programebis saxsrebi;

• xelSekrulebani saxelmwifo monitoringze.

bolo ori muxlis xarjebi dafinansdeba, ZiriTadad, sami programidan. am programebis gansaxorcieleblad da donorebTan saswrafo kontaqtis dasamyareblad a.w. seqtemberSi Cven vgegmavT specialur seminars donorebTan, sadac am ukanasknelebs gadaecemaT qvemoT moyvanili programebi Tavisi finansuri analiziT. aseTebia:

1. GIS-saqarTvelo – geologiuri informaciis kompiuterizaciis programa geografiuli sainformacio sistemebis bazaze;

2. saqarTvelos mtknari wylis resursebis aTvisebisa da marketingis generaluri gegma;

3. baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanisa da Sah-deniz-Tbilisi-ezerumis milsadenebis mSeneblobis geologiuri, geodinamikuri da geoekologiuri saxelmwifo monitoringi.

_________________________________________________________________________________

1saqarTvelos myari mineraluri resursebi. saqarTvelos strategiuli kvlevebisa da ganviTarebis centris biuleteni # 9, 56 gv.

2 Tvalchrélidzé A., e Gogobéridzé I., 1995, Desintegratión economica e integratión: los Etatos de la ex URSS ayer manaña, Cuarderos Americanos, Nueva Epoca, Vol. 5, p. 209-215.

3 Harris De Verte P., 1984, Mineral resources appraisal: Mineral endowment, resources, and potential supply concepts, methods, and cases, London: Clarendon Press, 445 p.

4 McKelvey V.E., 1973, Mineral resources estimates and public policy. In: United States Geological Survey, Paper 820, Washington, DC: 9-19.

5 r. parseli, S. maWavariani, a. TvalWreliZe, 2003, saqarTvelos aRmasrulebeli xelisuf-lebis reformirebis strategiuli gegma. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo kancelaria, 158 gv. (xelnaweris saxiT).

6 Schurr S.H. and Netschert B.C., 1960, Energy in American Economy, 1850-1975, Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 357 p.

7 Géosciences pour une terre durable. Rapport d’activité 2002. BRGM, Orléans, France, 2003, 58 p.

8 D. Cassard, Y. Itard, 2003, Metallogenic & environmental information systems: a modern tool for the sustainable development of Mineral Resources. In: A.G. Tvalchrelidze and G. Morizot (eds). Mineral Resource Base of the Southern Caucasus and Systems for its Management in the XXI Century. NATO Science Series, IV. Earth and Environmental Sciences – Vol. 17, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London.

9 ix. mag. Géosciences pour une terre durable. Rapport d’activité 2002. BRGM, Orléans, France, 2003, 58 p.; agreTve, D. Cassard, Y. Itard, 2003, Metallogenic & environmental information systems: a modern tool for the sustainable development of Mineral Resources. In: A.G. Tvalchrelidze and G. Morizot (eds). Mineral Resource Base of the Southern Caucasus and Systems for its Management in the XXI Century. NATO Science Series, IV. Earth and Environmental Sciences – Vol. 17, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London.

10 mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs or TveSi SemuSavebuli da internetSi ganTavsebuli mravalsafexuriani veb-saiti, romelic, eqspertTa azriT erTerTi saukeTesoa msoflioSi da romelsac yoveldRiurad mravali stumari hyavs (http://mineralresources.ge). kerZo iniciativiTa da mwiri resursebiT ganxorcielebuli es proeqti naTlad cxadyofs globaluri GIS-saqarTvelos proeqtis ganxorcielebis realobas.

11 es ki saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis monacemebiT (ix. statistikuri weliwdeuli: 2000. saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti, Tbilisi: 2000, 308 gv.) saqarTvelos SinameurneobaTa 33.33%, xolo saerTo miwis fondis 67% Seadgens.

12 pirvelad sabWoTa kavSiris masStabiT damuSavda da gamoica eroziis sawinaaRmdego generaluri sqema, sadac gaSuqebulia yvela saxis saSiSi geologiuri procesebi, gamoica Sesabamisi specialuri rukebi da daisaxa saTanado RonisZiebebi. aseve,

13 ix. mag. McKelvey V.E., 1973, Mineral resources estimates and public policy, In: United States Geological Survey, Paper 820, Washington, DC: 9-19.; Harris De Verte P., 1984, Mineral resources appraisal: Mineral endowment, resources, and potential supply concepts, methods, and cases, London: Clarendon Press, 445 p.

14 Tvalchrelidze A.G., 1995, Development of a geological-economic system for governmental management of Georgian mineral resources, Tbilissi: John D. & Catherine T. McArthur Foundation, 87 p.

15 saxelmwifo kadastri warmoadgens oficialur sainformacio sistemas resursuli fondis Sesaxeb, sadac asaxulia fondis maragebis wliuri moZraoba. amrigad, saxelmwifo kadastri arsebiTad warmoadgens resursul fondTan mimarTebaSi saxelmwifos ZiriTad samonitoringo saSualebas.

16 Марголин А.М., 1974, Оценка месторождений полезных ископаемых. Математические методы. М.: Недра, 261 с.

17 Idid.

18 Смирнов В.И., 1982, Геология полезных ископаемых. М.: Недра, 857 с.

19 Schurr S.H. and Netschert B.C., 1960, Energy in American Economy, 1850-1975, Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 357 p.; Tvalchrelidze A.G., 1995, Development of a geological-economic system for governmental management of Georgian mineral resources, Tbilissi: John D. & Catherine T. McArthur Foundation, 87 p.

20 McKelvey V.E., 1973, Mineral resources estimates and public policy, In: United States Geological Survey, Paper 820, Washington, DC: 9-19.; Singer D.A. and DeYung J.H. Jr., 1980, What can grade-tonnage relations really tell us? 26th Geol. Congress, Réssources minérales ¾ Mineral Resources, Orléans: BRGM, Vol. 106, p. 91-101.

21 Harris De Verte P., 1984, Mineral resources appraisal: Mineral endowment, resources, and potential supply concepts, methods, and cases, London: Clarendon Press, 445 p.

22 Смирнов В.И., 1982, Геология полезных ископаемых. М.: Недра, 857 с.

23 Tvalchrelidze A.G., 1995, Development of a geological-economic system for governmental management of Georgian mineral resources. Tbilissi: John D. & Catherine T. McArthur Foundation, 87 p.; a. TvalWreliZe, 1998, saqarTvelos myari mineraluri resursebi. saqarTvelos strategiuli kvlevebisa da ganviTarebis centris biuleteni # 9, 56 gv.

24 Tvalchrélidzé A., e Gogobéridzé I., 1995, Desintegratión economica e integratión: los Etatos de la ex URSS ayer manaña. Cuarderos Americanos, Nueva Epoca, Vol. 5, p. 209-215.

25 Марголин А.М., 1974, Оценка месторождений полезных ископаемых. Математические методы. М.: Недра, 261 с.

26 Hubbert, M.K., 1969, Energy resources, In: resources and Man (A Study and Reccommendations by the Commettee on Resources and Man; National Academy of Sciences ¾ National Research Council), San Francisco: W.H. Freeman & Co, p. 157-242.

27 Lieberman N.A., 1976, Unated States uranium resources ¾ an anlysis of historical data, Science, Vol. 192 (4238), p. 431-436.

28 Harris De Verte P., 1984, Mineral resources appraisal: Mineral endowment, resources, and potential supply concepts, methods, and cases, London: Clarendon Press, 445 p.

29 Lieberman N.A., 1976, Unated States uranium resources ¾ an anlysis of historical data, Science, Vol. 192 (4238), p. 431-436.

30 Harris De Verte P., 1984, Mineral resources appraisal: Mineral endowment, resources, and potential supply concepts, methods, and cases, London: Clarendon Press, 445 p.

31 Tvalchrelidze A.G., 1995, Development of a geological-economic system for governmental management of Georgian mineral resources, Tbilissi: John D. & Catherine T. McArthur Foundation, 87 p.

32 Смирнов В.И., 1982, Геология полезных ископаемых. М.: Недра, 857 с.; McKelvey V.E., 1973, Mineral resources estimates and public policy. In: United States Geological Survey, Paper 820, Washington, DC: 9-19.; Tvalchrelidze A.G., 1995, Development of a geological-economic system for governmental management of Georgian mineral resources, Tbilissi: John D. & Catherine T. McArthur Foundation, 87 p.

33 Lieberman N.A., 1976, Unated States uranium resources ¾ an anlysis of historical data, Science, Vol. 192 (4238), p. 431-436.

34 Tvalchrelidze A., Loladze G., 2002, Mining industry and its role for economic development of Georgia. In: A. Tvalchrelidze and Y. Nishikawa (eds) Proceedings of the Georgian-Japanese Seminar: "Mining Industry of Georgia in Free Market Environment". Tbilisi, p. 10-16.

35TvalWreliZe a., kervaliSvili p., gegia d., esakia s., sanaZe s., 2002, saqarTvelos ekonomikuri prioritetebi: analizi da uaxloesi perspeqtiva. Tbilisi: sani, 155 gv.

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