Aguk Zuhdi MF(1), Indrajaya Gerianto(2)
and Tris Budiono(3)
(1)(2)Institute
of Technology ”Sepuluh Nopember” (ITS) Surabaya
(3)The
University of Indonesia (UI)
Contact Person: Aguk Zuhdi MF ([email protected])
Department of Marine Engineering
Faculty of Ocean of Technology
Institute of Technology "Sepuluh Nopember" (ITS) Surabaya
Gedung WA Kampus ITS Sukolilo Surabaya 60111
Tlp: (031) 5994754, 5994251 ext 1102
Abstract
Diesel
engines have been used for more than a century, but they still need to progress
in many aspects. This kind of engine is applied in many areas, due to its high
efficiency, better durability and reliability.
The use of conventional fuel for diesel engines has several
disadvantageous, and predominantly is air pollution and particulate matters.
Scarcity of such a kind of fuel in the near future could also be one of the
challenges to be tackled head on.
This
research describe at length characteristics of palm and castor oil as biodiesel
fuels and its blending process, along with the engine performances such as
engine power characteristics, specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas emissions
of NOX, and its particulate matters. Several general disadvantageous
of methyl ester of castor oil will also be outlined; especially its high
viscosity and weak-solubility when it is mixed with diesel oil.
This
research also delivers information on the best composition of methyl ester of
castor and palm oil when it is mixed with diesel oil along with associate
torque, power and specific fuel consumption for various blending compositions.
Some general information on the possibility to develop the use of castor and
palm oil in the future and its obstacles are conveyed at the end of this
research. Due to improved exhaust
gas emissions of diesel engine with biodiesel, a small modification of injection
fuel system have been conducted as a result exhaust gas emissions of NOX
and particulate matters could be reduced.
At
final stage of this research was conduct durability test of an engine with
biodiesel as complement of diesel oil fuel.
A Chevrolet LUV-MTV-I, 1986 with Isuzu-PKD-26, four cylinder indirect
injections as an engine has been used of the experiment. Under on the road
technique the engine has been durability tested with about 3000 km at
surrounding Provinces of East and Middle of Java. The test results are compared
to a base line test using diesel oil. Based on the result, the biodiesel-diesel
oil blend successfully completed 3000 km durability test. Performance and
durability of the engine did not change. However, the engine inspection after
the biodiesel-diesel oil blend test as compared to the diesel oil test showed:
there was more carbon deposit in the piston crowns and the cylinder heads.
Key words:
Alternative energy, renewable energy, castor oil, palm oil, biodiesel, diesel
engine, engine performance, air pollution, durability engine
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