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Ancient Literature
Ancient Egyptian literature also contains elements of Ancient Egyptian art, as the texts and connected pictures were recorded on papyrus or on wall paintings and so on. They date from the Old Kingdom to the Greco-Roman period.

Such literature related art forms include hymns to the gods, mythological and magical texts, mortuary texts. Others were biographical and historical texts, scientific premises, including mathematical and medical texts, wisdom texts having to do with instructive literature, and stories.
Modern Literature
Egypt's  rich literature make up an important cultural element in the country and in the Middle East all together. Egyptian novelists and poets were among the first to experiment with modern styles of Arabic literature, and the forms they developed have been many times copied.

The first modern Egyptian novel Zaynab by Muhammad Husayn Haykal was published in 1913 in the Egyptian vernacular. Egyptian novelist Naguib Mahfouz was the first Arabic-language writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Many Egyptian books and films are available throughout the Middle East. Other prominent Egyptian writers include Nawal El Saadawi, well known for her feminist works and activism, and Alifa Rifaat who also writes about women and tradition.

Vernacular poetry is perhaps the most popular literary genre amongst Egyptians. Some of these writers include Bayram al-Tunisi, Ahmed Fuad Nigm (Fagumi) and Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi.
Akhenaten, Dweller in Truth, a 1985 novel by Nobel Literature  Naguib Mahfouz.
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