TIPS-1,2

        

 

  1. Move Windows DNS settings

  2. Host multiple Web sites by using IIS and a single IP address

  3. Use Host Header Names to Host Multiple Sites from One IP Address in IIS 5.0

  4. How to Install and Configure Microsoft DNS Server

  5. SERVICES.EXE Terminated Unexpectedly with Status Code 128" Error Message When You Start Windows 2000

  6. Windows 98 machine not showing CD drive in my computer

  7. How to login as Administrator in Windows XP?

  8. Error message when you install or start an MS-DOS or 16-bit Windows-based program

  9. What does the "X" mean when used to define speed? What is CAV or CLV?

  10. What is the relationship between the "X" and CD-ROM drive's spinning speed?

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. Move Windows DNS settings

To make a backup of your Windows DNS server configuration, do the following:
Start regedit.exe and export the following key: 
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\DNS Server\Zones]
Copy the following files to a save location: 
%windir%\system32\dns\*.dns

To restore the configuration (or load them on a new server), do the opposite and restart de DNS service to make the new configuration active. You may have to press refresh (F5) in the DNS snap-in to update the display.

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2.   Host multiple Web sites by using IIS and a single IP address

The information in this tutorial applies to:

Microsoft Windows 2000 Server
Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server
Microsoft Windows 2003 Server Family
Microsoft Small Business Server 2000


Important Notice:

Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) 5.x under Windows 2000, Windows XP Home or Windows XP Professional does not allow you to host more than one web server.

You will have to upgrade to one of the operating systems in the list above to be able to host multiple Web sites with IIS or simply choose other Web Server platform (e.g. Apache).

Summary:

This tutorial provides step-by-step instructions for hosting multiple Web sites with IIS (Internet Information Server) 5.x or 6.x by using a single IP address and No-IP service.


Setting up NO-IP+ Plus accounts

Create an No-Ip account, if you haven't already done that, login to your account, and click "Add Domain" in the No-Ip Plus menu. Enter the domain name you want to use with No-IP Plus service and follow instructions to complete your setup.

Download and install Dynamic DNS update client and configure it for your account allowing it to download your hosts you recently setup with NO-IP+ Plus service.

Note:
If you have choosen to setup a new domain name, you have to allow DNS services for your domain name up to 24 hours to be propagated on the Internet.


Setting up IIS


Usually IIS is not installed automatically under MS Windows operating systems, so you will have to install it by going to Windows Control Panel, choosing Add/Remove Programs, then Add/Remove Windows components, and check Internet Information Services (IIS).

After installation is completed, go to Windows Control Panel, Administrative Tools and start Internet Services Manager.




Setting-Up Web Site(s)



1. Right-click the Server name (root of the tree marked with an asterisk *) choose New, Web Site.

2. Type Description of your first Web site and click next. (e.g. mysite1)

3. In the Ip address field choose "(All Unassigned)".

4. In the port field enter 80 or something else if you are using alternate ports (or if your ISP has blocked port 80).

5. In the Host Header field enter domain name (e.g. mysite1.com) (One of the domain names you have setup earlier
with No-Ip+ service) and click next.

6. Click Browse and point to the directory where your Web Site files for the domain name above are located.
(e.g. c:\sites\mysite1) Make sure that "Allow anonymous access.." box is checked if you want all users
to be able to see your website. Click next.

7. For standard browsing preferences leave settings on this page as they are, otherwise configure them
after your needs. Click next.

8. Click Finish.


Repeat this step for every Website you need to setup.


Now, you will be able to see your WebSite(s) name(s) in the server list now.


Try opening your browser and type your domain name in the URLs field, (e.g. mysite1.com) If everything is configured as it should be, you will be able to see your website.


Congratulations!

Now, you can repeat process above to setup as many Websites you want with IIS.


Configuring/Troubleshooting Web Site(s)

If you can't see your website or see login window (web browser returns message "You are not authorized to view this page") you will have to configure properly access rights for your website or index file (the first file that your users see when they type in your domain name) that you will use with your website.

1. Right-click the Website name in your server list you recently setup and choose Properties from the menu.



2. Click Directory Security tab then click Edit "Anonymous Access.." section.

3. Make sure that Anonymous Access property is checked and click "Edit..." button.

4. See if user account located has right access setup to access information on your computer/website folder.


To make sure that you have a problem with access rights, try using/setting Administrators account here.

Now, try opening your browser and type your domain name in the URLs field, (e.g. mysite1.com) If you had a problem with access rights, this has been resolved and you will be able to see your website.


If you have resolved access-right issue, but you are receiving "Directory Listing Denied" message, you have probably pointed your website to the index file that has not been associated with allowed/registered index file on/for your website.


1. Right-click the Website name in your server list you recently setup and choose Properties from the menu.

2. Click Documents tab.

Under Enable Default Document section you will se index files registered with your website. If you are using e.g. myindexfile.htm or myindexfile.html or myindexfile.php as your index file you will have to declare/register it here.

3. Click Add, then type your index file name (e.g. index.php), and press Ok.

4. Press Ok again.

Now, try opening your browser and type your domain name in the URLs field, (e.g. mysite1.com).

Congratulations!

Now, you can repeat process above to properly configure all Website(s) with IIS.

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3.Use Host Header Names to Host Multiple Sites from One IP Address in IIS 5.0

This step-by-step article shows you how to use Host Headers to allow multiple host names to share a single IP address.

IIS allows you to assign any number of sites to a single IP address and distinguish them by using host headers. When IIS receives a request for a Web page, it looks at the information sent in by the browser. If the browser is HTTP 1.1 compliant (Internet Explorer 3.x and later, or Netscape Navigator 3.x and later), the HTTP header contains the actual domain name requested. IIS uses this to determine which site should answer the request.
       
If the browser is not HTTP 1.1 compliant, you can program a core page to display all sites available and allow the user to choose which site to use. For instructions on how to do this, see the references section at the bottom of this article.

Configure Host Header Names in IIS 5.0

To configure host header names in IIS
1. Start the Internet Service Manager (Iis.msc).
2. Right-click the Web site to be configured, and then click Properties.
3. On the Web Site tab, select the IP address that the site will use.

Note: if you only have one IP address on the server, select All Unassigned, and set the TCP Port that should be used (usually 80).
4. Click Advanced.
5. In the Multiple identities for this Web Site list, select the identity that you want to use.
6. Click Edit, and then add the desired host header name.

NOTE: If you want this site to respond to more than one host header name, use the Add button to add additional identities to this list. Specify a different host header name for each identity, but be sure to use the same IP address and port.
7. Apply these changes and start the Web site (if it is not already running).
8. Register the host header name with the appropriate name resolution system.

If the computer is on an intranet (a private LAN that uses Internet technology), register it with the intranet's name resolution system, such as the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS).

If the computer is on the Internet, register the host header name with the Domain Name System (DNS), which is administered by InterNic.
9. After the host header name is registered with the name resolution system, test it from a browser by attempting to browse the host header name. The browser should open the expected Web site.

Troubleshooting

• When your computer boots or when you manually start the Microsoft Internet Information Server service, Event Viewer may log the following event:
Event ID : 115
Source : w3svc
Description : The service could not bind instance X.
This problem can occur when some or all of the Web sites that are using Host Headers have the same port number defined for Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). Internet Information Server 4.0 does not support the use of Host Headers for SSL. For more information, see the references links below.
• Erratic behavior can occur when applying a host header name to the default Web site if add-on packages for IIS (such as Microsoft Proxy Server) are also being used. For this reason, it is generally not recommended that you apply a host header name to the default Web site created by IIS.

ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/bussys/winnt/winnt-docs/papers/

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4.How to Install and Configure Microsoft DNS Server

Installing Microsoft DNS

Use the following steps to install DNS on your Windows NT 4.0 Server:
1. Click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel. Double-click the Network icon, and then click the Services tab.
2. Click Add, select Microsoft DNS Server from the Select Network Service dialog box, and then click OK.
3. Type the location of your Windows NT source files, click OK, and then click Close.

NOTE: If you have any service packs installed, you will need to re-apply your service pack before restarting your computer.
4. Restart your computer.

Configuring Microsoft DNS

Gathering Information:

Before you actually begin configuring the DNS server, there is some basic information you will need. Some of this information must be approved by Internic for use on the Internet, but if you are configuring this server for internal use only, you can then decide what names and IP addresses to use. You will need:
• Your domain name (must be approved by Internic)
• The IP address of each server for which you wish to provide name resolution
• The host names of each of the servers in step above
NOTE: The servers in the step above may be your mail servers, any public access servers, FTP servers, WWW servers, and so on.

For example, use the following information (substitute your actual information where appropriate):
 
   Domain Name: <Domain.com>
   Servers:   192.168.50.11   <Mail1.domain.com>
              192.168.50.12   <Ftp1.domain.com>
              192.168.50.12   <WWW.domain.com> (notice the same IP
                               address)
              192.168.50.15   <DNS1.domain.com>

Creating Your DNS Server:

Using the information above, configure your Microsoft DNS server by doing the following:
1. Click the Start button, point to Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click DNS Manager.
2. From the DNS menu, click New Server.
3. Type the IP address of your DNS server in the Add DNS Server dialog box (192.168.58.15 in the example information), and then click OK.
NOTE: It is not necessary to restart the DNS server for changes to your zones to take effect. All that is required is for the server data files to be updated using the following step:
• In DNS Manager, right-click your DNS server, and click Update Server Data Files.
Creating Your Reverse Lookup Zone:

Some applications use a reverse query to a DNS server to find the host name of a host when it has the IP address of the computer. You must configure a reverse lookup zone to provide this capability.

NOTE: Reverse lookup zones may not be necessary in your network, but it is recommended that one be present. NSLOOKUP run on the DNS server will fail if no reverse lookup zone is configured.

To create a reverse lookup zone, perform the following steps:
1. In DNS Manager, right-click your DNS server, and then click New Zone.
2. Click Primary from the "Creating New Zone for" dialog box, and then click Next.
3. The Zone Name is derived from your IP network address. In the example information, the Zone Name is 58.168.192.in-addr.arpa. Type your reverse zone name (the least significant part of the IP address, and work toward the most significant part of the address). For example:
 
   If your network ID is:         Then your reverse zone is:

   10.0.0.0                       10.in-addr.arpa
   130.20.0.0                     20.130.in-addr.arpa
   250.30.203.0                   203.30.250.in-addr.arpa

NOTE: The syntax of the reverse lookup zone is imperative to its operation.
4. After you type the reverse lookup zone name, press Tab and the reverse lookup zone file name will automatically fill in using the zone name in step 3 appended by ".dns" (without the quotes).
5. Click Next, and then click Finish.
Creating Your Forward Lookup Zone:
1. In DNS Manager, right-click your server, and then click New Zone.
2. Click Primary Zone, and then click Next.
3. Type the Zone Name for your DNS domain. This is the domain name that is registered with Internic (<Domain.com> in the example).
4. Press Tab, click Next, and then click Finish.
When you have created the forward lookup zone, you should see three records automatically created in that zone: the NS record, the SOA record, and an A record. If you do not have all three of these, you may want to verify that your DNS settings in your TCP/IP properties are configured correctly (click the Start button, point to Settings, click Control Panel, and then double-click the Network icon).

NOTE: The A record will only be created if the zone name matches the domain name.

Adding Host Records to Your Forward Lookup Zone:

The A record for your DNS server should have been automatically created. However, DNS Manager does not automatically create the PTR record in the reverse zone for the DNS server. The simplest way to correct this is to use the following steps:
1. Right-click the A record for your DNS server, and then click Delete Record.
2. Click Yes in the confirmation dialog box.
3. Right-click your forward zone, <Domain.com>, and then click New Host.
4. Type the host name of your DNS server and the IP address.
5. Click Create Associated PTR Record to enable it and click Add Host.
6. Click Done.
NOTE: Repeat steps 3-5 above for all of the servers that you want to add to your DNS domain.

To verify the PTR records are created successfully, right-click the reverse lookup zone 58.168.192.in-addr.arpa, and then click Refresh.

Configuring Other Record Types

A DNS server can be responsible for several different record types. Some of them include, but are not limited to the following: A, CNAME, HINFO, MX, NS, and SOA. For details on these and other record types, please refer to the DNS white paper mentioned earlier in this article.

Creating A CNAME Record:

A CNAME record allows you to use multiple names for the same IP address. This way, you can have users access the same server for separate functions, such as FTP1.domain.com and WWW.domain.com. Before you can create the CNAME record, you must first have an A record, as described earlier.

To create a CNAME record, perform the following steps:
1. Right-click your forward zone, <Domain.com>, and click New Record.
2. Select CNAME Record from the Record Type list box in the New Resource Record dialog box.
3. Type an alternate name for access to this computer. For example, in the sample information earlier in this article, WWW is an alternate name for FTP1.domain.com.
4. Type the original host name in "For Host DNS Name." For example, <FTP1.domain.com>.

NOTE: It is important to use the fully-qualified domain name (FQDN) for the originating host DNS name.
5. Click OK.
Now when your users make a query for either of these host names, your DNS server will return the same IP address.

Creating an MX Record:

An MX Record is a Mail Exchange record that points mail programs to your mail servers. To create an MX record, perform the following steps:
1. Right-click your forward lookup zone, <Domain.com> and then click New Record.
2. Select MX Record from the Record Type list box in the New Resource Record dialog box.
3. The Host Name (Optional) field is used for the host name of the mail server. However, if you want users to be able to send mail to your domain using the format [email protected], then leave the Host Name field blank. NOTE: If the MX record contains the hostname, sending mail to [email protected] may not work. There are three ways to resolve this. First, remove the hostname from the MX record as described in step 3. Second, after the MX record is created with the hostname, create an "A" record for the domain that has no hostname. Third, delete the existing MX record and re-create as described in steps one through six in the Creating an MX record section of this article.
4. Type the FQDN of the mail server in the Mail Exchange Server DNS Name, for example, Mail.domain.com.

NOTE: There is a trailing dot, ".", after the Mail Exchange Server DNS Name. The FQDN that is used for the Mail Exchange Server must have a corresponding A record for that domain. If the Mail Exchange Server is a different computer than the DNS Server, the DNS Server must know where to redirect the mail traffic.
5. The Preference Number is any number from 0 to 65535. In the case of multiple mail servers, this number identifies which mail server is to be used first. The lower the preference number, the higher the priority.
6. Click OK.

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5.SERVICES.EXE Terminated Unexpectedly with Status Code 128" Error Message When You Start Windows 2000

SYMPTOMS

When you start Windows 2000 Server and the "Preparing network connections" message is displayed, you may receive the following error message:

The system is shutting down. Please save all work in progress and log off. Any unsaved changes will be lost. This shutdown was initiated by NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM.

The system process C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\SERVICES.EXE terminated unexpectedly with status code 128. The system will shut down and restart.

CAUSE

This issue may occur if there are incorrect references to shared folders in the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Lanmanserver\Shares
This issue may also occur if a stale security value is left for shares that no longer exist under the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\lanmanserver\Shares\Security

RESOLUTION

WARNING: If you use Registry Editor incorrectly, you may cause serious problems that may require you to reinstall your operating system. Microsoft cannot guarantee that you can solve problems that result from using Registry Editor incorrectly. Use Registry Editor at your own risk.

To resolve this issue, follow these steps:
1. Restart the computer in Safe mode:
a. Restart the computer.
b. Press F8 when you receive the "Please select the operating system to start" message.
c. On the Windows Advanced Options menu, use the arrow keys to select Safe Mode, and then press ENTER.
d. If you are running other operating systems on the computer, use the arrow keys to select Microsoft Windows 2000 in the list that is displayed, and then press ENTER.
2. Click Start, click Run, type regedit in the Open box, and then press ENTER.
3. Locate and then click the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\lanmanserver\Shares
4. Back up the registry key:
a. On the Registry menu, click Export Registry File.
b. In the File name box, type Shares_RegKey, and then click Save.

This step saves the Shares registry key to the Shares_RegKey text file, which you can use to restore the key in the future. By default, the file is saved in the My Documents folder. For information about how to restore the key, search Regedit Help for the Import Registry Key topic.
5. Examine the list of values in the right pane of Registry Editor.

Notice that the Data column contains the paths to shared folders. For example, you may see a line similar to the following:
CSCFlags=0 MaxUses=4294967295 Path=E:\NS Permissions=0 Remark= Type=0
This refers to the E:\NS shared folder.
6. For each value, use Windows Explorer to make sure that the path displayed in the Data column represents an existing shared folder. Delete all values that do not correspond to shared folders.
7. Quit Registry Editor, and then restart the computer.

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6.Windows 98 machine not showing CD drive in my computer

Click start>> Run>> type regedit >> click OK

find and click on the following key

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\VxD\IOS

in the right pane right click the NOIDE value and then click Delete

Then Reboot .

NB: Before doing this please backup the regietry.

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7.How to login as Administrator in Windows XP?

Start the Registry Editor [Regedit.exe]

Navigate to the following registry key:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
\SOFTWARE
\Microsoft
\Windows NT
\CurrentVersion
\Winlogon
\SpecialAccounts
\UserList
 

Use the File, Export option to backup the registry.

Right-click an empty space in the right pane and select New DWORD Value.

Type-in Administrator as the value.

Double-click this new value, and enter 1 as it's data

Close the registry editor

You may use this procedure to hide/show users in the Welcome Screen for any user account. Type the account name accordingly in step 5.

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8. Error message when you install or start an MS-DOS or 16-bit Windows-based program

You will receive an error message that reads something like this:

16-bit MS-DOS Subsystem
path to the program that you are trying to start or install
C:\Winnt\System32\config.nt The system file is not suitable for running MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows applications. Choose 'Close' to terminate the application.


16-bit MS-DOS Subsystem
path to the program that you are trying to start or install
C:\Windows\System32\Autoexec.nt The system file is not suitable for running MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows applications. Choose 'Close' to terminate the application. 

Solution?

The easiest is simply inserting the Windows XP CD into the CD drive and clicking start --> Run and enter

 In the Open box, type cmd, and then click OK. 

 At the command prompt, type the following commands, pressing ENTER after each command:

 expand CD-ROM Drive Letter:\i386\config.nt_  c:\windows\system32\config.nt 

expand CD-ROM Drive Letter:\i386\autoexec.nt_  c:\windows\system32\autoexec.nt 

expand CD-ROM Drive Letter:\i386\command.co_  c:\windows\system32\command.com 

exit

For further information about this problem (in English) as well as Microsoft's instructions about how to add the AUTOEXEC.NT file to your system by using your XP (operating system) CD-ROM, please visit Microsoft® at: http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;324767


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What does the "X" mean when used to define speed? What is CAV or CLV?

To play music audio, the CD-ROM drive only requires a transfer rate of 150 KB/sec to sustain smooth operation. This transfer rate is defined by the industry to be "1X". Therefore, a 48X CD-ROM drive, means the CD-ROM drive's maximum achievable transfer rate is 48 times of "1X" (48 * 150 = 7,200 KB/sec).

Because CD discs store data in a tight spiral type track that starts from the center of the disc and outwards, so the circumference at the edge of the track is greater than the center. Usually, the track on the edge is longer than about 2.5 times than those on the center, so there are more pits to store data.

When a CD-ROM drive uses CAV (Constant Angular Velocity) mode for reading, the disc is spinning at the same rate, i.e. if the CD-ROM drive is designed to be 8,000 RPM (revolutions-per-minute), the inner track and outer track all have the same RPM, but CD-ROM drive can read 2.5 more data on the outer track than inner track on every single resolution. So, we have a variable speed CD-ROM drive that reads slow rate at inner track but increases to maximum achievable speed at outer most tracks.

When a CD-ROM drive uses CLV ( Constant Linear Velocity ) mode for reading, the CD-ROM drive will control disc's spinning speed to achieve constant speed of the disc in relative to the PUH (Pick-Up-Head, where the laser beam is shined on the disc and reflection carries information needed to read data ). In this case, the CD-ROM drive will actually slow the spinning speed by 2.5 times when reading the outer track. So, by using CLV technology, the transfer rate throughout the disc is constant.

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What is the relationship between the "X" and CD-ROM drive's spinning speed?

As mentioned in earlier question, the "X" is defined as how many time the CD-ROM drive's transfer rate in relation to "1X" (150 KB/sec). To achieve the 1X performance, the CD-ROM drive needs to spin the disc up to 500 RPM at the inner tracks, and 200 RPM when reading the outer tracks where there is 2.5 times more data read per revolution.

Therefore, a 20X (4,000 KB/sec) CD-ROM drive using CLV technology, one need to spin the disc up to 4,000 RPM (20X * 200 RPM/X) when reading the outer tracks, and needs to spin up to 10,000 RPM (20X * 500 RPM/X) to achieve the same transfer rate when reading the inner tracks. However, 10,000 RPM is the limit of a sustainable performance of any spindle motor designed. Therefore, when market starts to demand CD-ROM drives to achieve "X" greater than 20X, CAV technology has been introduced to achieve such performance, so the CD-ROM drive can keep the disc spinning constantly at 10,000 RPM and maintains at 20X (10,000 RPM divided by 500 RPM/X) at the inner tracks and upwards. Therefore, the outer tracks can reach a transfer rate of 50X (10,000 RPM divided by 200 RPM/X).

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