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2: 178,179 AL-QISAS : THE LAW OF EQUAL RETALIATION
2:178 “ O’ you who believe! Al-Qisas (i.e. equal retaliation) has been made obligatory upon you in case of murder: the free for free, the slave for slave, and the female for female. Nevertheless, the forgiveness given by his/her relative (in the form of blood money), may be followed appropriately (according to the prevailing conditions) and in a befitting manner. This is a concession and mercy from your Lord; and if any one exceeds the limit after it (i.e after getting the blood money)), to him shall be awarded a painful punishment.”
2:179 “ And in Al-Qisas lies for you the (secret of) life, O’ people of wisdom, so that you may fear Allah much.”
[Note: In case of murder, there is a concession in the form of paying the blood money; whereas in case of adultery, there is no concession in punishment and the married person is to be stoned to death (Bukhari:2549,6484) excepting the woman, who has been assaulted (Bukhari:6549).]
2:180-182 THE WILL (TESTAMENT) (‘WASIYYAT’)
2:180 “You are duty bound, when death draws near to any of you, to make a will* appropriately (according to the prevailing conditions) with regard to your parents and the near relatives, if you leave behind some wealth. This is obligatory upon ‘Muttaqeen’ (who fear Allah much).”
2:181 “ Then, if any one alters the will after hearing it, the sin shall fall upon those who make alteration in it. Certainly, Allah hears all, and knows every thing.”
2:182 “ Nevertheless, if any one, fearing about the will as biased or unreasonable, reconciles the affected persons, there is no sin on his part. Surely, Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
[ *Note: No will can be made against the Laws of Inheritance, as stated in Surah Nisa of the Holy Quran. The shares of the parents and relatives have been stated therein. The will is restricted only up to one third of the wealth, which may be given to the other relatives, who are not the heirs (of the deceased and not mentioned in Al-Quran). (Muslim-Mishkat:2939)]
