[七] 第七 疾病(一)

一 　　爾時，世尊住毗捨離城，大林之重閣講堂中。

二 　　時，世尊於日暮，即從其想起，赴病者室之處。而坐於所設之座，坐已，世尊告諸比丘曰：「諸比丘！比丘應以正念、正知而度時日，此乃我為汝等之教誡。

三 　　諸比丘！比丘如何為正念耶？諸比丘！於此有比丘，於身觀身而住，精進正知、有念，以抑止此世之欲貪憂戚，於諸受觀受而住……於心觀心而住……於諸法，觀法而住，精進於正知、有念，以抑止此世之欲貪憂戚。諸比丘！比丘如是而為正念。

四 　　諸比丘！比丘如何而為正知耶？諸比丘！此有比丘，於進於退皆以正知而為，視前方、視四周亦以正知而為，四肢之屈伸亦以正知而為，持僧伽梨衣、缽、衣亦以正知而為，或食或飲或嚙或味亦以正知而為，乃至大小便利之事亦以正知而為，行住坐臥語默亦以正知而為。諸比丘！如是之比丘乃為正知。

五 　　諸比丘！比丘應以正念、正知為度時日，此為我對汝等之教誡。

六 　　諸比丘！此比丘如是住於正念、正知、不放逸、精進專心，若起樂受者，彼則如是知：「我起此樂受，此樂受為由緣而起，無緣則不起。何者為緣耶？以此身為緣；然而此身為無常所造作，為由緣而起者。緣無常而所造作，依緣所起之此身，依緣所起之樂受，何為有常住耶？彼於身又於樂受住觀無常、住觀消止、住觀離欲、住觀滅盡、住觀捨棄。彼於身又於樂受觀無常而住，觀消亡而住，觀離欲而住，觀滅盡而住，觀捨棄而住。於身與樂受之染欲隨眠皆所捨棄。」

七 　　諸比丘！此比丘如是正念、正知，住不放逸、精進專心，若起苦受，彼如是知：「我起此苦受，此苦受多有緣而起，無緣則不起…何為有常住？於身又於苦受觀無常而住，觀消亡而住，觀離欲而住…觀滅盡而住，觀捨棄而住。於身與苦受之嗔恚隨眠，悉皆所捨棄。」

八 　　諸比丘！此比丘如是正念、正知，住不放逸、精進專心，若起非苦非樂受，彼如是知：「我起此非苦非樂受，此非苦非樂受為有緣而起，無緣則不起…何為有常住耶？」彼於身又於非苦非樂，觀無常而住，觀消亡而住，觀離欲而住…觀滅盡而住，觀捨棄而住，身與非苦非樂之無明隨眠，皆所捨棄。」

九 　　彼若感於樂受，則知其為無常，知無戀著、知無喜悅。若感於苦受…若感於非苦非樂受，則知其為無常，知無戀著，知無喜悅。

十 　　彼若感於樂受者，則感於此離繫縛。若感於苦受者，則感於此離繫縛。若感於非苦非樂受者，則感於離繫縛。

十一 　　彼感於身所際限之受；了知「我感於身所際限之受。」感於命所際限之受；了知「我感於命所際限之受。」於身壞、命盡時，了知「於此處一切之所感受所喜悅者，悉皆冷卻。」

十二 　　諸比丘！譬如，緣於油又緣於燈心，油燈則燃起。因油與燈心之盡而無食（*食素），油燈則消失。同此，諸比丘！比丘感於身所際限之受，了知「我感身所際限之受。」感命所際限之受，了知「我感命所際限之受。」身壞、命盡時，了知「於此處一切之所感受之所喜悅者，悉皆冷卻。」」

注* 因油與燈心之盡而無食（*食素）；食素、營養素 Ajjhohara

注1 Kalam agameti時來，待時之意，當譯余決心以「渡時」。

注2 paticca prati+i……。由於「甚麼」以甚麼為基礎之意。

注3 vayanupassin 為以觀消滅。

 
正知經（一○二八）

如是我聞。一時，佛住舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。

時，有眾多比丘集於伽梨隸講堂，時，多有比丘疾病。

爾時，世尊晡時從禪覺，往至伽梨隸講堂，於大眾前敷座而坐。

坐已！

告諸比丘：「當正念正智以待時，是則為我隨順之教。」

「比丘！ 云何為正念？

謂比丘內身，身觀念處，精勤方便，正念正智，調伏世間貪憂。

外身，身觀念處；內外身，身觀念處；內受、外受、內外受；
內心、外心、內外心；內法、外法、內外法，法觀念處， 精勤方便，正念正智，調伏世間貪憂，是名比丘正憶念。

云何正智？

謂比丘若來若去，正知而住。瞻視觀察，屈申俯仰，執持衣缽； 行、住、坐、臥、眠、覺，乃至五十．六十，依語默正智行，比丘！是名正智。

如是，比丘！正念正智住者能起樂受，有因緣，非無因緣。

云何因緣？謂緣於身，作是思惟，我此身無常有為，心因緣生；樂受亦無常有為，心因緣生；
身及樂受觀察無常，觀察生滅，觀察離欲，觀察滅盡，觀察捨彼；觀察身及樂受無常、乃至捨已。

若於身及樂受貪欲使者，永不復使。
如是。正念正智生苦受因緣，非不因緣。

云何為因緣？如是緣身，作是思惟，我此身無常有為，心因緣生；苦受亦無常有為，心因緣生；
身及苦受觀察無常、乃至捨。於此及苦受瞋恚所使，永不復使。

如是。正念正智生不苦不樂受因緣，非不因緣。

云何因緣？謂身因緣，作是思惟，我此身無常有為，心因緣生；彼不苦不樂受亦無常有為，心因緣生；
彼身及不苦不樂受觀察無常、乃至捨。若所有身及不苦不樂受無明使使，使永不復使。

多聞聖弟子如是觀者，於色厭離。於受、想、行、識厭離。厭離已離欲，離欲已解脫。

解脫知見，我生已盡，梵行已立；所作已作，自知不受後有。」

爾時，世尊即說偈言：

樂覺所覺時，莫能知樂覺；貪欲使所使，不見於出離。

苦受所覺時，莫能知苦受；瞋恚使所使，不見出離道。

不苦不樂受，等正覺所說；彼亦不能知，終不度彼岸。

*加注（不苦不樂受，若亦不能知；愚癡使所使，終不度彼岸。）

若比丘精勤，正智不傾動；於彼一切受，黠慧能悉知。

能知諸受已，現法盡諸漏，依慧而命終，涅槃不墮數。

佛說此經已，諸比丘聞佛所說，歡喜奉行。

 
待編

 
7. Pathama-gelannasuttam

255. Ekam samayam bhagava vesaliyam viharati mahavane kutagarasalayam.

Atha kho bhagava sayanhasamayam patisallana vutthito yena gilanasala tenupasankami; upasankamitva pannatte asane nisidi.

Nisajja kho bhagava bhikkhu amantesi
“Sato, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajano kalam agameyya.
Ayam vo amhakam anusasani.

“Kathanca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sato hoti ?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kaye kayanupassi viharati atapi sampajano satima, vineyya loke abhijjhadomanassam;
vedanasu vedananupassi viharati…pe… citte cittanupassi viharati…pe… dhammesu dhammanupassi viharati atapi sampajano satima, vineyya loke abhijjhadomanassam.

Evam kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sato hoti.

“Kathanca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajano hoti ?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abhikkante patikkante sampajanakari hoti,
alokite vilokite sampajanakari hoti,
saminjite pasarite sampajanakari hoti,
saaghatipattacivaradharane sampajanakari hoti,
asite pite khayite sayite sampajanakari hoti,
uccarapassavakamme sampajanakari hoti,
gate thite nisinne sutte jagarite bhasite tunhibhave sampajanakari hoti.
Evam kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajanakari hoti.

Sato, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajano kalam agameyya.

Ayam vo amhakam anusasani.

“Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evam satassa sampajanassa appamattassa atapino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati sukha vedana, so evam pajanati– ‘uppanna kho myayam sukha vedana.

Sa ca kho paticca, no appaticca.

Kim paticca? Imameva kayam paticca.

Ayam kho pana kayo anicco sankhato paticcasamuppanno.

Aniccam kho pana sankhatam paticcasamuppannam kayam paticca uppanna sukha vedana kuto nicca bhavissati ’ ti !

So kaye ca sukhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassi viharati, vayanupassi viharati, viraganupassi viharati, nirodhanupassi viharati, patinissagganupassi viharati.

Tassa kaye ca sukhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassino viharato,
vayanupassino viharato,
viraganupassino viharato,
nirodhanupassino viharato,
paμinissagganupassino viharato,
yo kaye ca sukh±ya ca vedanaya raganusayo, so pahiyati.

“Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evam satassa sampajanassa appamattassa atapino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati dukkha vedana.

So evam pajanati– ‘uppanna kho myayam dukkha vedana.

Sa ca kho paticca, no appaticca.

Kim paticca? Imameva kayam paticca.

Ayam kho pana kayo anicco sankhato paticcasamuppanno.

Aniccam kho pana sankhatam paticcasamuppannam kayam paticca uppanna dukkha vedana kuto nicca bhavissati ’ ti !

So kaye ca dukkhaya vedanaya aniccanupassi viharati, vayanupassi viharati,
viraganupassi viharati,
nirodhanupassi viharati,
patinissagganupassi viharati.

Tassa kaye ca dukkhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassino viharato…pe… paμinissagganupassino viharato, yo kaye ca dukkhaya ca vedanaya paμighanusayo, so pahiyati.

“Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evam satassa sampajanassa appamattassa atapino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati adukkhamasukha vedana, so evam pajana ti– ‘ uppanna kho myayam adukkhamasukha vedana.

Sa ca kho paticca, no appaticca.

Kim paticca? Imameva kayam paticca.

Ayam kho pana kayo anicco sankhato paticcasamuppanno.

Aniccam kho pana sankhatam paticcasamuppannam kayam paticca uppanna adukkhamasukha vedana kuto nicca bhavissati ’ ti !

So kaye ca adukkhamasukhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassi viharati,
(Viharati 住 (vi+harati) to stay) vayanupassa viharati,
viraganupassi viharati,
nirodhanupassi viharati,
paμinissagganupassi viharati.

Tassa kaye ca adukkhamasukhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassino viharato…pe… patinissagganupassino viharato, yo kaye ca adukkhamasukhaya ca vedanaya avijjanusayo, so pahiyati.

“So sukhance vedanam vedayati, sa aniccati pajanati, anajjhositati pajanati, anabhinanditati pajanati;
dukkhance vedanam vedayati,
sa aniccati pajanati,
(Pajanati 知 (pa+janati) to know, find out, come to know, understand, distinguish)
anajjhositati pajanati,
anabhinanditati pajanati;
adukkhamasukhance vedanam vedayati, sa aniccati pajanati,
anajjhositati pajanati, anabhinanditati pajanati.

So sukhance vedanam vedayati,
(Veda樂受 (joyful) feeling )
visannutto nam vedayati;
dukkhance vedanam vedayati,
visannutto nam vedayati;
adukkhamasukhance vedanam vedayati,
visannutto nam vedayati.

So kayapariyantikam vedanam vedayamano ‘kayapariyantikam vedanam vedayami ’ ti pajanati, jivitapariyantikam vedanam vedayamano ‘jivitapariyantikam vedanam vedayami ’ ti pajanati.

‘Kayassa bheda uddham jivitapariyadana idheva sabbavedayitani anabhinanditani sitibhavissanti ’ ti [sitibhavissantiti (si. pi. ka.)] pajanati.

“Seyyathapi, bhikkhave, telanca paticca vattinca paticca telappadipo jhayeyya, tasseva telassa ca vattiya ca pariyadana anaharo nibbayeyya; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kayapariyantikam vedanam vedayamano ‘kayapariyantikam vedanam vedayami ’ ti pajanati.

Jivitapariyantikam vedanam vedayamano
‘jivitapariyantikam vedanam vedayami ’ ti pajanati.
‘Kayassa bheda uddham jivitapariyadana idheva sabbavedayitani anabhinanditani sitibhavissanti ’ ti pajanati ”ti. Sattamam.

*note vedana: Three modes of feeling (usually understood whenever mention is made of "tisso vedana"): sukha (pleasant), dukkha (painful), adukkha--m--asukha (indifferent).*

 
1. 20. 7

Gelannasuttam

255. Ekam samayam bhagava vesaliyau viharati mahavane katagarasalayam.

Atha kho bhagava sayanhasamayam patisallana vutthito yena gilanasala tenupasankami, upasankamitva pannatte asane nisadi, nisajja kho bhagava bhikkhu

[PTS Page 211] [\q 211/] amantesi:

sato bhikkhave bhikkhu sampajano kalam agameyya,

ayam vo amhakam anusasani.

Kathanca bhikkhave bhikkhu sato hoti :

idha bhikkhave bhikkhu kaye kayanupassi viharati atapi sampajano satima vineyya loke abhijjha domanassam;

vedanasu vedananupassi viharati atapi sampajano satima vineyya loke abhijjha domanassam ;
citte cittanupassi viharati atapi sampajano satima vineyya loko abhijjha domanassam;
dhammesu dhammanupassi viharati atapi sampajano satima vineyya loko abhijjha domanassam;
evam kho bhikkhave bhikkhu sato hoti.

1. Na so - sya

2. Sappanno - si 1. 2.
3. Ayam - sya

4. Vidhamika - sya

[BJT Page 400] [\x 400/]

Kathanca bhikkhave bhikkhu sampajano hoti;
idha bhikkhave bhikkhu abhikkante patikkante sampajanakari hoti,
alokite vilokite sampajanakari hoti,
sammanjite pasarite sampajanakari hoti,
saagatipattacivaradharane sampajanakari hoti,
asite pite khayite sayite sampajanakari hoti,
uccarapassavakamme sampajanakari hoti,
gate thite nisinne sutte jagarite bhasite tunhibhave sampajanakari hoti;
evam kho bhikkhave bhikkhu sampajano-1 hoti.

Sato bhikkhave bhikkhu sampajano kalam agameyya,
ayam vo amhakam anusasani.

Tassa ce bhikkhave bhikkhuno evam satassa sampajanassa appamattassa atapino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati sukha vedana;
so evam pajanati; uppanna kho myayam-2. Sukha vedana,
sa ca kho paticca no apaticca, kim paticca: imameva kayam paticca, ayam kho pana kayo anicco sankhato paticcasamuppanno,
aniccam kho pana sankhatam paticcasamuppannam kayam paticca uppanna sukha vedana kuto nicca bhavissati ti.

So kaye ca sukhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassi viharati vayanupassi viharati,
viraganupassi viharati,
nirodhanupassa viharati,
patinissagganupassi

[PTS Page 212] [\q 212/] viharati,

tassa kaye ca sukhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassino viharato
vayanupassino viharato
patinissagganupassino viharato
yo kaye ca sukhaya ca vedanaya raganusayo so pahiyati.

Tassa ce bhikkhave bhikkhuno evam satassa sampajanassa appamattassa atapino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati dukkha vedana;
so evam pajanati; uppanna kho myayam-2. Dukkha vedana,
sa ca kho paticca no apaticca,
kim paticca: imameva kayam paticca,
ayam kho pana kayo anicco sankhato paticcasamuppanno,
aniccam kho pana sankhatam paticcasamuppannam kayam paticca uppanna dukkha vedana kuto nicca bhavissati ti.

1. Sampajanakari - machasam sya

2. Me ayam - si 2, sya.

[BJT Page 402] [\x 402/]

So kaye ca dukkhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassi viharati,
vayanupassi viharati,
viraganupassi viharati,
nirodhanupassi viharati,
patinissagganupassi viharati,

tassa kaye ca dukkhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassino viharato vayanupassino viharato viraganu passino viharato nirodhanupassino viharato paninissagganupassino viharato yo kaye ca dukkhaya ca vedanaya patighanusayo so pahiyati.

Tassa ce bhikkhave bhikkhuno evau satassa sampajanassa appamattassa atapino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati adukkhamasukha vedana; so evam pajanati ; uppanna kho myayam adukkhamasukha vedana,

sa ca kho paticca no apaticca,

kim paticca: imameva kayam paticca,

ayam kho pana kayo anicco sankhato paticcasamuppanno,

aniccam kho pana sankhatam paticcasamuppannam kayam paticca uppanna adukkhamasukha vedana kuto nicca bhavissati ti.

So kaye ca adukkhamasukhaya vedanaya aniccanupassi viharati,
vayanupassi viharati,
viraganupassi viharati,
nirodhanupassi viharati,
patinissagganupassi viharati,
tassa kaye ca adukkhamasukhaya ca vedanaya aniccanupassino viharato vayanupassino viharato viraganupassino viharato nirodhanupassino viharato patinissagganupassino viharato yo kaye ca adukkhamasukhaya ca vedanaya avijjanusayo so pahiyati.

[PTS Page 213] [\q 213/]

so sukhance vedanam vediyati sa aniccati pajanati.

Anajjhositati pajanati,
anabhinanditati pajanati;
dukkhance vedanam vediyati sa aniccati pajanati,
anajjhesitati pajanati
anabhinanditati pajanati;
adukkhamasukhance vedanam vediyati sa aniccati pajanati,
anajjhesitati pajanati anabhinanditati pajanati;
so sukhance vedanam vediyati
visannutto nam vediyati
dukkhance vedanam vediyati
visannutto nam vediyati,
adukkhamasukhanceva vedanam vediyati
visannutto nam vediyati;
so kaya pariyantikam vedanam vediyamano kayapariyantikam
vedanam vediyami ti pajanati, jivitapariyantikam vedanam vediyamano jivitapariyantikam vedanam vediyami ti pajanati;
kayassa bheda uddham jivitapariyadana idheva sabbavedayitani anabhinanditani sitibhavissantiti pajanati.

Seyyathapi bhikkhave telanca paticca vattinca paticca telappadipo jhayeyya, -1.

Tasseva telassa ca vattiya ca pariyadana anaharo nibbayeyya;
evameva kho bhikkhave bhikkhu kayapariyantikam vedanam vediyamano kayapariyantikam vedanam vediyamiti pajanati,
jivitapariyantikam -2. Vedanam vediyamano
jivitapariyantikam vedanam vediyamiti pajanati,
kayassa bheda uddham javitapariyadana idheva sabbavedayitani anabhinanditati sitibhavissantiti pajanati ' ti.

 
待編

 
待編

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