Home bacteria An organism that is a
prokaryote.
chromatin The material that
chromosomes.
are made from.
chromosome Holds the
DNA.
clamploader A protein that loads the
sliding clamp.
DNA A double stranded helix of
nucleotides.
DNA Ligase A protein that removes nicks in the
chain of DNA.
DNA Polymerase A protein replicates a DNA strand.
DNA Primase A protein that adds RNA primer to a strand
of DNA.
eucaryote An organism made of cells with a nucleus.
helicase Proteins that separate DNA strands.
histones Proteins that form the
nucleosome.
initiator proteins Proteins that bind to a
replication origin.
introns Non-coding portions of DNA.
lagging strand A DNA strand that must be build in a
backstitching manner by the polymerase.
leading strand A DNA strand that can be built in
one pass of the polymerase.
nucleosome Beadlike structure in
chromatin.
nucleotide A nucleoside with one or more phosphate
groups.
Okazaki fragments Short stretches of DNA built
on the lagging strand.
primasome A protein complex made of a helicase
and a DNA primase.
Primer A short stretch of nucleotides used to
help the polymerase bind.
prokaryote An organism made of cells with no nucleus.
replication bubble The region between the
replication forks.
replication fork The location where the DNA
is split into two strands during replication.
replication origin A sequence of DNA that is usually
rich with A-T
nucleotides.
RNA A single strand of nucleotides.
RNA polymerase A protein that will translate
DNA to RNA.
RNA primer A sequence of RNA, used to prime
the DNA so that replication can start.
Sigma factor A protein that helps the polermerase
get started for bacteria.
Single Stranded Binding Proteins Proteins that bind
to each other and to DNA to prevent single DNA strands from
binding to each other.
Sliding Clamp A protein that helps the polymerase
stay attached to the DNA strand.
telomerase A protein that replicates the telomeres.
telomere A sequence of
DNA.
topoimerase A protein that keeps the DNA strands
from twisting.
