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THE FOUNDING OF
THE FRATERNITY
Edward Griffin Bartlett, Phi 1846
from
The Delta Kappa Epsilon
Quarterly,
Vol.1, No.1.; January, 1883
It is a worn little book which lies before me; the
cover marred and scratched, the paper yellow with
age and the ink faded to a dull brown. The first
page is half filled with my handwriting, and below
are signed, beside my own, fourteen names--each
marking sharply the individuality of the writer, and
recalling the face of an old friend, each turning
my thoughts to the end of the earth where he who
bore it lives in active usefulness or rests in
honored grave,--all carrying me back to the day, a
full generation ago, when we, fifteen boy classmates
at Yale, formally avowed the bonds of
mutual friendship which has long held us.
The spring of 1844 seems a queer old time, as I
recall it now. Yale was to us the great seat of
learning of the world. Rivalry with Harvard had not
been thought of, and in fact we knew too little and
heard too rarely of the Cambridge school, to take
even a languid interest in its welfare.
Boating there was none. Baseball had not been
invented. We played football with each other, and
not according to Rugby. "The College Press" had
then no existence. The great honors of the college
were the commencement appointments, each of graded
importance, all allotted among the twenty "oration
men," who led their class in general standing.
Scarcely secondary to these
were the honors of the great
literary societies, the
"Brothers in Unity," and "Linonia." The
membership in these societies
extended throughout the four
years course, and the rivalry
between them was so intense that committees of each
went as far as New York to interview probable
freshmen, and impress them with the merits of the
societies respectively.
The most of the upper classmen
lived in the college
dormitories, where the seniors had the first choice
of rooms, the juniors the second, and so on down to
the freshmen. Our bitterest grievance was the iron
rule which compelled
attendance at five o'clock-in-the-morning prayer, on
which occasion cloak
and boots at least were expected to be worn.
Our most favored recreation
was the "Beethoven" club with its orchestra and
fifty trained voices. But the time was close to the
line between the old and the new. Our class of '46
received the last diplomas
signed by President Day, and our
class instituted the first
gymnasium, bringing Sheridan from New York to
instruct us for the first few months.
There were then two so-called
Junior societies at Yale,
Psi Upsilon and Alpha Delta
Phi. Their main object was to
associate groups of students
high in college standing, skillful in
college politics, who should
mutually co-operate to increase
the share of honors which
should fall to each, while another
scarcely secondary aim was in
secret meeting to enjoy private
drill in oratory and
composition--preparatory to the exercises
of the open literary
societies. Their aims were practical, their
methods business-like. They
claimed, too, to make their
elections strictly in
consideration of the character, as scholars
and gentlemen, of the members
of the class from which they
were made, and that such
elections, therefore, were a tribute
to the high scholarship
and character of the best men in such
class.
And, while others might have
differed with them as to their application of their
avowed rule, it became to be considered in each
sophomore class that the leaders in scholarship and
gentlemanly qualities had a right to, and might
expect, an election.
Such elections were made from the sophomore class in
the spring term, and as, from the basis of
the selection, the choice was practically
anticipated, it was natural that those who
considered themselves at the head of the class
should associate together, and that, by the
time such elections were announced, they were little
more that the formal invitations to those already
considered to be entitled to them.
For purposes of college exercises there were two
divisions of our class of '46, as there had been of
preceding classes. But "division" feeling was
peculiarly strong in our class. Hence it was,
doubtless, that in each division there was a group
of classmates whose opinion of each other was
such that they confidently expected the most of the
elections to Psi Upsilon and Alpha Delta Phi to be
made from their number. Such at least was the case
in the division of the class to which we belonged,
and among those with whom I was intimately
associated.
There were quite a number,
each of whom considered himself and was considered
by his friends as entitled to the elections.
But those of the other
division had the most "friends at court," and when
the elections were announced they were mainly
from the rival division. So
marked was the partiality with which the selection
had been made, so prominent were the instances where
merit had been slighted--as the event in College
honors afterwards showed, that Psi Upsilon elections
were rejected by several who had actually received
them—and they were the most active in asking the
co-operation of others, who had been slighted,
to form a new Junior society.
If to any one more that
others is due the founding of
Delta Kappa Epsilon, George
Foote Chester is that
man, though brother
Sherwood was prominent in such
respect. To be sure, I recall,
as brother Chester's letter—now
before me—states, that we
found, on talking over matters
with each other, that several
among us had independently conceived the idea of a
new Junior society.
But Chester was at least one of the first who had
planned such an association. And when we discussed
the pros and cons, it was he who most strongly urged
the new departure. It was peculiarly his zeal and
arguments that did most to hasten our conclusion,
and no one more than he was influential in deciding
our plans in such regard.
It was at a preliminary
meeting held on June 22, 1844, that it
was resolved to found a new
society, and during the first
week in July, 1844, the
written articles now before me were
drawn and signed, which bound
us in preliminary organization.
At this meeting our Greek
motto was adopted, and the name Delta Kappa Epsilon
definitely assumed. The matter of badges was then
discussed, and a draft made by Bartlett,
showing Delta Kappa Epsilon on
a scroll, upon a diamond
bearing a star in each corner,
was handed to Inman the artist, who sketched it in
its present shape, and suggested the
addition of the word "Yale,"
which, being accepted, the pin was adopted as now
used by the Phi chapter. Details of the permanent
working plan of the organization were largely
postponed until we had passed through, as we
thought, quite successfully, the crisis of selecting
a membership from the next class.
We awaited anxiously, though
confidently, the allotment of
graduation honors in our class
of '46, since our avowed
reason for founding a new
fraternity had been our belief that
the older Junior societies had
not properly recognized in their elections, the
scholarship of some of those who had joined in the
new departure. And the result amply justified our
claim. Honors fell, which among us, Case,
Horton, Kinsley, Righter and Franklin each took an
"Oration;" Conyngham and Jacobs received "first
Colloquies" and Chester took "Second
Dispute."
In other regards we were
peculiarly fortunate. Horton was
admittedly the foremost of his
class in oratory, especially in
extempore debate. One of our
members was the leading
athlete of the gymnasium, Bartlett was the leader of
the "Beethoven," and
the first who had ever held that office in his
junior year, and every one was
at least a fair scholar.
Founded as Delta Kappa Epsilon
was, we naturally made
our elections on the basis upon which we had
come together, and the early members—not invariably
the best, and never poor, students—were always a
companionable crowd. Such was Delta Kappa Epsilon
from the start, adopting, without formulating the
principle, that he lived his life best, who, helpful
to his fellows, enjoyed it most himself.
The new Fraternity had all the
pleasure which came from
self-confidence, and at once
instituted itself as the rival of Psi
Upsilon and the patronizing
critic of Alpha Delta Phi—though it was doubtless
some time before such status was recognized by these
societies. Our numbers were so small that we were at
first generally beaten when we contested elections.
We were, however, fortunate in generally having just
the men "wanted" when party spirit did not run high,
were wide awake and decidedly workers. Our aim the
first years was to make the Fraternity felt, and
we were quick to see and improve every chance in
this direction.
In chapter we had at first but
few customs except as to
initiations, which were
elaborate, contained no buffoonery,
and were, as we thought, very
impressive. Our literary
exercises were always a great
feature and very spirited.
Most of what occurred in those
days, much even connected
with Delta Kappa
Epsilon, has grown very dim in my memory; but our
first meeting will never be forgotten. We had hired
a front room in the second story of a building
at the corner of Chapel and State Streets, the
latter skirting the old canal, which, filled up, now
forms the bed of the New York & New Hampshire
Railroad. We came at the appointed time and found
the room—without a chair, table, lamp, or other
article of furniture. Our landlord was sent for, but
he calmly expressed his surprise that college
students should not know the difference between
chairs and a room. So we held a standing "session,"
nothing was tabled, and for dispatch of business the
meeting was a model. I only hope it will afford now
as much amusement to the Psi Upsilon’s as it would
then, had they known it.
We had, at first, no idea of
propagating chapters. Our body,
however, became known and
proved popular, and
applications were received for charters for
"branches." These were
granted to bodies of friends associated
like ourselves, when
some member of our chapter could personally vouch
for the character of the applicants. Thus it was
brother Shapleigh who was the sponsor for
Theta, which we almost immediately established at
Bowdoin. He lived at Elliott , Me., and I at
Portsmouth, N.H., about six miles distant. We seized
the opportunity when vacation at Yale coincided with
term time at Bowdoin, and Shapleigh, taking his
father's horse and buggy, we drove to Brunswick.
On the first day we drove from
Portsmouth to Portland,
stopping for dinner at a famous old half-way
hostelry, and passing
through Old Orchard, Kennebunk, and other little
hamlets now grown into famous
summer resorts. We drove
the next day from Portland to
Brunswick, where we were
received with decided coolness
by the faculty, who knew
our errand. Professor Packard,
a cousin of Shapleigh,
carried this so far that he declined to invite me to
a commencement party
which he was about to give, the
consequence of which was that
Shapleigh would not attend,
and we used the evening to
good advantage in canvassing
the proposed charter members.
We were favorably impressed
with the men, among whom
was Shapleigh's friend Fogg.
But as they were not all
Juniors,
we advised that the fraternity
be made to take in the
three upper classes
instead of one only. In accordance
with the
original idea, the number was
to be limited to
fifteen. We had several
meetings for consultation, and
arranged everything as
completely as possible, so
that Sherwood, when he came on
the next fall, had nothing to
do but perform the initiation and
impart the mysteries.
So far as we discussed our
aims they were mainly those of the
societies already in
existence—facilities for literary drill,
co-operation in college
politics, companionship in recreation.
There was, however, one
circumstance not counted upon by
us at the time which fixed the
determining characteristic of
Delta Kappa Epsilon.
The little band of its
founders had gathered without definite
design on the part of those
concerned, simply because mutual
attraction had drawn together
young men of congenial temperament. It was this that
had proved stronger than the inducements of the
junior societies, which would otherwise have severed
us; it was this that, controlling our plans, made
Delta Kappa Epsilon from its institution somewhat
different from the other "societies" of Yale,
and, beyond others, a "fraternity."
We builded better than we
knew, when we founded the
brotherhood to which good
fellowship has ever been a
passport not less requisite
than learning, where glees have
been written as often as
essays, and where the candidate most favored was he
who combined in the most equal proportions the
gentleman, the scholar, and the jolly good-fellow.
We took a deep interest in the
Fraternity's welfare, not
because we had planned for it
an elaborate future, but
because it had been the
nucleus within which were comprised, or about which
were grouped, the dearest memories of Yale; and it
is probably just that lack, in the selection of
members, of all inflexible rules but one—that
the candidate must be a gentleman in the best sense
of the word, to which Delta Kappa Epsilon owed, by
which, if at all, she deserved her success.
- Edward Griffin Bartlett
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