Help in Understanding Wallace Stevens', "Loneliness in Jersey City"
Vocabulary Words:

dachshund- small dog developed for hunting badgers

cobble- rounded stone formerly used for paving roads (think cobble stone)

steeple- tall tower with a spire, rising above a church roof

concertinas- portable musical instrument with bellows and keys (think of an accordian)



Poetic Devices:  Pay attention to examples of sarcasm, alliteration and repetition.

Example of sarcasm:  Except Polacks that pass in their motors
                                 And play concertinas all night.

The speaker does not view concertinas as music being played, instead he perceives the sounds coming out of these instruments as being noisy and annoying.  To him, this is mindless music.

Alliteration: Pay attention to the repition of the sounds, C or K, G, D, and P

Repetion: Notice how the first line and last line are nearly the same, and how it is also repeated at the opening of the third stanza.


* When the speaker says that, "The gods grow out of the people," Do you think he including himself as one of the people?



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