1. Britain
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1.(a)
Cholmondeley Park: July 1940 - October 1940
July 1940
Arrival of Czechoslovak soldiers after Evacuation from France.
Gathered at Cholmondeley Camp to the west of Nantwich, Cheshire.
Removal of those men threatening to 'Mutiny', many of whom later served
in the Pioneer Corps. Formation of the Czechoslovak Independent Brigade Group
(CIBG) under the command of General B. Miroslav, a reduced strength unit with just two of
the infantry battalions complete and a cadre of the third.
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FILM: CZECH ARMY IN ENGLAND Cholmondeley 9th July 1940 (8:18)
Film of Czechoslovak troops in days of arrival at Cholmondeley by War Office Film Unit from Imperial War Museum.
https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/1060033009
Use Full Screen control to bottom right of film image to view larger version.
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FILM: Dr. Beneš visits Czechoslovak troops at
Cholmondeley 26th July 1940 (47 seconds)
Clip of newsreel on British Pathe web site. Ignore text details about London and
Polish troops. They are wrong.
https://www.britishpathe.com/video/dr-benes-in-london-1940/
Use Full Screen control in top right of film image to view larger version.
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CLICK BELOW TO SEE THE NAMES OF
THOSE REMOVED AFTER THE 'MUTINY'
COMPLETE LIST - 539 NAMES (24KB)
CLICK BELOW TO SEE THE NAMES OF
THOSE REMAINING IN THE CZECHOSLOVAK FORCES
COMPLETE LIST - 3,342 NAMES (125KB)
PART 1 OF LIST - Start to LUGER (66KB)
PART 2 OF LIST - LUKAS to End (66KB)
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Images courtesy of
John Schaffa. |
August 1940
Official establishment on the 22nd at Cholmondeley of No.22 Liaison (Czech) HQ, also known
as just 22 LHQ. Its job was to ease relations between the Czechoslovak Independent Brigade
Group being formed and the British higher command and other units. It remained in close
association with the Brigade throughout the war, up to and including its transfer to
Czechoslovakia in May 1945.
September 1940
13th: Gen. Miroslav, Col. Lukas, Col. Pollock, GSO II and IO left for Leamington and
visited the winter quarters.
17th: Col. Pollock and GSO II left for Leamington again to look at the winter quarters,
returning on the Sunday.
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Postcard from Cholmondeley
Park Camp titled "Leto 1940" (Summer1940)
Reverse with stamp of Czechoslovak Military Post Office and signed
by Jan Masaryk |
October 1940
2nd/3rd: Czech Engineer Section moved to C.M.A. for the erecting of huts.
1.(b)
Leamington Spa: October 1940 - May 1942
Dispositions on arrival at Leamington Spa
October 1940
13th/19th: Camp Cholmondeley Park moved to winter quarters, Leamington Spa.
November 1940
14th: The Secretary of State for War, Mr Eden, visited Leamington and watched a small
exercise by certain Czechoslovak units in Kineton and Leamington.
Image courtesy of John Schaffa.
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FILM: Czech Troops Receive Colours (35 seconds)
Clip of newsreel on British Pathe web site. Probably when Dr. Beneš visited
Czechoslovak troops in the Leamington Spa area on the 4/5/6th December
1940.
https://www.britishpathe.com/video/czech-troops-receive-colours/
Use Full Screen control in top right of film image to view larger version.
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January 1941
24th: Visit of President Beneš and suite to Czechoslovak units in Kineton and Leamington.
25th: Inspection by the Inspector General Allied Contingents.
27th: Dr Beneš and General Sikorski, Prime Minister and C in C of the Polish Republic,
visited the Brigade. A ceremony was held near Kineton at which the Czechoslovak president
decorated General Sikorski with the Czechoslovak War Cross.
February 1941
15th: Madame Beneš opened a canteen provided by the YMCA for the Czechs in Leamington
(Salisbury Hall).
March 1941
17th: Visit by Mr Dalton, Blockade Minister, to units of the Brigade.
April 1941
19th: The Prime Minister, Mr Winston Churchill, accompanied by Dr Beneš and the IG Allied
Forces, Major General Arnold, Chief of American Air Corps and Mr Harriman, personal
representative of President Roosevelt paid a visit of inspection to the CIBG. Mr Churchill
took tea with the Officers of the Brigade at Moreton Paddox.
June 1941
2nd: President Beneš visited the Brigade and held a conference after dinner at the Field
Artillery Mess.
August 1941
16th: Four English instructors were appointed for the Czechoslovak Brigade. Tuition in
English to Czechoslovaks with some knowledge of English now in progress.
25th: A platoon as advance party for the company to provide a guard for President Beneš
at Wingard left.
September 1941
1st: One further English instructor reported for duty with the Czechoslovak Brigade.
English instruction for Officers now compulsory.
28th: Festival of St Wenceslas. President Beneš and party visited the Brigade.
October 1941
Average strength of the Brigade Group in this month was 578 Officers (including those
unposted due to lack of positions) and 2,294 Other Ranks.
Image courtesy of John Schaffa.
March 1942
10th: The Inspector General Allied Contingents and the British Minister to the
Czechoslovak Government, Mr Nichols, visited the Brigade.
13th: The Commander, Central Midland District, inspected Umberslade Park (Czechoslovak
reconnaissance unit).
17th: General Sergei Ingr accompanied by Mrs Lippa presented Colours to the Czechoslovak
reconnaissance unit at Umberslade Park.
April 1942
21st: H.M. King Peter of Yugoslavia paid a visit of inspection to the Czechoslovak troops.
1.(c) Ilminster:
May 1942 - August 1942
Dispositions on arrival at Ilminster
May 1942
Moved to area around Ilminster, Somerset. Coastal and airfield defence duties.
Average strength of the Brigade Group in this month was 613 Officers (including those
unposted) and 2,569 Other Ranks.
22 LHQ War Diary for May 1942:
Page 1 (67KB) Page 2 (59KB)
June 1942
Average strength of the Brigade Group in this month was 608 Officers (including those
unposted) and 2,608 Other Ranks.
22 LHQ War Diary for June 1942: One
Page (57KB)
July 1942
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 215 Officers, 384 Unposted Officers, and
2,590 Other Ranks.
22 LHQ War Diary for July 1942: Page 1 (59KB) Page 2 (58KB) Page 3 (45KB)
1.(d) Lowestoft:
August 1942 - February 1943
Dispositions on
arrival at Lowestoft
August 1942
Moved to Lowestoft. Coastal defence duties.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 218 Officers, 373 Unposted
Officers, and 2,599 Other Ranks.
22 LHQ War Diary for August 1942:
One Page (65KB)
September 1942
8th: Lt-Gen. J.T. Crocker CBE, DSO, MC, Commander 11 Corps District, and Major General
E.H. Barker CBE, DSO, MC, Commander 54 (E.A.) Division, paid a visit of inspection to the
CIBG at Lowestoft.
10th: Lt-Gen. Sir G.N. Cory KBE, CB, DSO, MC, Chief Liaison Officer with the Allied
Contingents, visited the CIBG.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 218 Officers, 367 Unposted
Officers, and 2,587 Other Ranks.
October 1942
7th: GSO I 54 Division and Commandant Street Fighting School visited the CIBG and
inspected the site of the proposed street fighting area at Lowestoft. The Chief Constable
of Suffolk visited the site and called on General Miroslav.
13th: The Czechoslovak Defence Minister, General Ingr, visited the Brigade.
15th: Messrs Burbridge and Orton of the British Council visited the Czechoslovak Brigade
to inspect the English instructors.
17th: The Czechoslovak Military Attaché visited the Brigade.
Average strength of the Brigade Group in this month was 588 Officers (including those
unposted) and 2,581 Other Ranks.
November 1942
8th: A "Brains Trust" session was held in Lowestoft and a series of questions
from members of the CIBG were dealt with. The event was arranged by Mr A. Steel of the
British Council and the session was attended by Mr Nichols, H.B.M. Ambassador to the
Czechoslovak Government. The session passed of most successfully.
9th: A party of 150 men of the CIBG was despatched to Bedford for the purpose of
agricultural assistance in the Bedford area.
17th: Departure of 8 Officers and 72 Other Ranks for a Special Training Course at
Inverlochy, terminating on 18th December.
19th: From this day 100 men employed on farm labour in the Lowestoft area.
25th/26th: A visit was paid to the Brigade by General Viest of the Czechoslovak Ministry
of Defence and M. Maxa, President of the Czechoslovak Sate Council.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 224 Officers, 347 Unposted
Officers, and 2,543 Other Ranks.
December 1942
1st/2nd: General Ingr, Czechoslovak Minister of Defence, visited the Brigade for the
opening of the Czechoslovak Staff Officers and Senior Officers School.
22nd: President and Mme. Beneš visited the Brigade.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 235 Officers, 330 Unposted
Officers, and 2,488 Other Ranks.
Image courtesy of John Schaffa.
January 1943
2nd/3rd/4th: Mr E.W. Burbridge of the British Council visited the Brigade. He visited the
Military and Civilian Educational Instructors and examined their work, programmes, and
proposals. A play reading was held by Mr Burbridge on Monday 4th.
18th: Mr P. Nichols, H.B.M. Ambassador to the Czechoslovak Government visited the Brigade.
25th: General J. Kratochvil took over as commander CIBG replacing Major-General
B.Miroslav, who had been appointed to special duties at the Czechoslovak Ministry of
Defence in London.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 232 Officers, 310 Unposted Officers, and
2,543 Other Ranks.
1.(e) Harwich:
February 1943 - September 1943
Dispositions on
arrival at Harwich
February 1943
3rd: Advance parties of the CIBG and 22 LHQ moved to Harwich.
7th: HQ CIBG and 22 LHQ moved to Harwich. CIBG assumed responsibility for the Defence
Garrison from 08.00hrs.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 211 Officers, 282 Unposted Officers, and
2,400 Other Ranks.
March 1943
7th: The ceremony of the Presentation of Colours to No.2 Battalion CIBG took place. The
presentation was made by the Czechoslovak Prime Minister, Msgr. Sramek, in the name of the
American Czechoslovaks who donated the Colours.
10th: General Liška, previously commander of the Brigade Field Artillery, took over as
commanding officer of the CIBG from General Kratochvil.
Amendments to
dispositions at Harwich
19th/20th: Mr E.W. Burbridge of the British Council visited the Brigade.
31st: Lt-Gen. J.A.H. Gammell CB, DSO,MC, G-O-C-in-C Eastern Command visited the CIBG and
presented awards of the King's Birthday Honours List to two Officers of the Brigade. The
G-O-C-in-C inspected the Guard of Honour and a march past was held.
Average strength of the Brigade in
this month was 211 Officers, 279 Unposted Officers, and 2,395 Other Ranks.
April 1943
6th/7th: Lt.Gen. A.E. Grasett CB, DSO, Chief Liaison Officer with Allied Contingents,
visited the CIBG. He inspected the units of the Brigade in Dovercourt and Walton. The
garrison defence scheme was discussed and the garrison defences were inspected.
Persons on courses during the month included 16 Officers and 64 Other Ranks to courses at
Inverlochy.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 204 Officers, 279 Unposted Officers, and
2,413 Other Ranks.
May 1943
5th: Col. G.J.de W. Mullens assumed command of 22 LHQ, replacing Col. R.C.G. Pollock.
13th: M. Jan Masaryk, Foreign Minister of the Czechoslovak Republic, paid a 2 day visit to
the CIBG.
19th: Col. Liska, accompanied by Major C.V.R. Blundell (GSO II 22 LHQ) and Lieut. Kotira,
left Dovercourt to visit the Czechoslovak course at the Allied S.T.C. Inverlochy,
returning on the 23rd.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 206 Officers, 267 Unposted Officers, and
2,373 Other Ranks.
June 1943
10th: Lt.Gen. A.E. Grasett, Chief Liaison Officer with Allied Contingents, visited 22 LHQ
and CIBG.
16th: Colonel Liska, accompanied by Col. Mullens and Capt. Nevrala, visited the War Office
to discuss the War Establishments for the re-organisation of the Brigade. Agreement was
reached and W.E.s were provisionally issued.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 205 Officers, 227 Unposted Officers, and
2,343 Other Ranks.
July 1943
12th: Wivenhoe Camp, Colchester, was taken over by an advance party (the Machine Gun
Company) in readiness for the arrival of the Middle East contingent.
22nd: General Ingr visited the preliminary tank courses held by the CIBG at Weeley. He was
accompanied by Col. Mullens.
26th-30th: Col. Mullens attended the War Office selection board at Watford on the
attachment of Czechoslovak Officers to the British Army.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 200 Officers, 226 Unposted Officers, and
2,335 Other Ranks.
August 1943
10th: C-in-C 21 Army Group, accompanied by C.L.A.C. and M.G.R.A. 21 Army Group, visited
units of the Brigade.
13th: The detachment of Czechoslovak personnel who had been serving in the Middle East as
L.of C. troops to the 8th Army arrived, and were accommodated in Wivenhoe Camp.
14th: General Ingr, Czechoslovak Minister of Defence, arrived to visit the Middle East
detachment at Wivenhoe Camp. Col. Mullens was present.
18th: The President of the Czechoslovak Republic, Dr Benes, accompanied by the Minister of
national Defence, General Ingr, and certain members of the Czechoslovak Government in the
UK, visited the Czechoslovak contingent lately arrived from the Middle East. The President
decorated the Colours of the contingent with the Czechoslovak War Cross, and took the
salute at the march past of the contingent at Wivenhoe Park. Later the President visited
the various tank courses being held by the Brigade in the area of Dovercourt.
Average strength of CIBG in this month was 194 Officers, 207 Unposted Officers, and 2,365
Other Ranks.
Plus the Middle East contingent of 48 Officers and 1,274 Other Ranks.
September 1943
1st: The CIBG on re-organisation became
the Czechoslovak Independent Armoured Brigade Group (CIABG).
2nd/3rd: Gen. Liska and Lt.Col. Ondracek accompanied by Col. Mullens carried out a
reconnaissance of the billeting area of 137 Armoured Brigade with regard to the impending
move of the CIABG.
1.(f)
Arthingworth: September 1943 - May 1944
Dispositions on
arrival at Arthingworth
September 1943
23rd: Advance parties of CIABG and 22 LHQ left Harwich for Northamptonshire. At the same
time advance parties from the Royal Netherlands Brigade and 23 LHQ arrived at Harwich and
commenced taking over. The advance party from 137 Armoured Brigade arrived at Wivenhoe
Park Camp and started taking over from the Czechoslovak Motor Battalion.
26th: At 15.00hrs the command of Harwich garrison passed from the CIABG to the Royal
Netherlands Brigade. The main bodies of CIABG left Harwich for Northamptonshire.
Average strength of the new CIABG in this month was 245 Officers, 129
Unposted Officers, and 3,659 Other Ranks.
October 1943
3rd: General Ingr, Czechoslovak Minister of Defence, visited certain units of the Brigade
and inspected accommodation.
4th: Lt.Gen. J.A.H. Gammell CB, DSO, MC, Army Commander, visited 22 LHQ where he met
General Ingr, General Liska, Col. Klapalek, Lt.Col. Ondracek and Col. Mullens. The party
then visited the 1st Armoured Regiment at Finedon, L.A.A. Troop at Great Billing, Motor
Battalion at Lamport, and ended up at Brigade HQ at Arthingworth.
6th: Col. Novak and Lt.Col. Kokrda of the Czechoslovak Depot, accompanied Major Blundell
(of 22 LHQ), visited Eastern Command to discuss the proposed move of the Czechoslovak
Depot.
8th: Lt.Gen. A.E. Grasett visited 22 LHQ. Later he visited Brigade HQ and met Gen. Liska,
Col. Klapalek, Lt.Col. Ondracek and Lt.Col. Kokrda. He visited Burton Latimer training
area before proceeding to Eastern Command to discuss the proposed move of the Czechoslovak
Depot.
24th: Gen. Liska proceeded to the School of Infantry, Barnard Castle, to attend C-in-C 21
Army Group conference on the 25th and 26th.
27th: CIABG celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Independence Day of Czechoslovakia. A
luncheon party was held at Arthingworth at which the President, Dr Benes, and ministers of
the Czechoslovak Government attended. General Grasett, Colonel Mullens, and
representatives from the various Allied military forces also attended. Later a military
revue was held on Burton Latimer training area at which the Brigade was inspected by Dr
Benes. This was followed by a fly past of the Czechoslovak Air Force. Finally,
representatives of the Brigade carried out a drive past on the road Finedon-Thrapston, at
which the salute was taken by Dr Benes.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 252 Officers, 116 Unposted Officers, and
3,680 Other Ranks.
November 1943
Amendments
to dispositions at Arthingworth
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 248 Officers, 120 Unposted Officers, and
3,710 Other Ranks.
December 1943
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 246 Officers, 117 Unposted Officers, and
3,739 Other Ranks.
Image courtesy of John Schaffa.
March 1944
17th: President Benes visited the Brigade and addressed a number of officers and officer
cadets at Blatherwycke.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 247 Officers, 108 Unposted Officers, and
3,854 Other Ranks.
April 1944
15th: Col. B.Chodský took over as second in command of the CIABG from Col. Klapalek.
29th: Preliminary orders for the move to a new area in Scottish Command were received from
21 Army Group.
Average strength of the Brigade in this month was 255 Officers, 84 Unposted Officers, and
3,894 Other Ranks.
May 1944
1st: DAA&QMG, accompanied by Capt. Prochazka and Capt. Pollak of HQ CIABG left to
carry out first reconnaissance of the new area in Scottish Command.
4th: Reconnaissance party returned from Scotland with details of accommodation available.
Col. Mullens, GSO II and DAA&QMG lunched at CIABG HQ on the occasion of a visit by
representatives of the MNO. Subsequently a conference was held to discuss the forthcoming
move.
5th: A warning order was received from G(Ops) HQ 21 Army Group ordering move of CIABG to
Kelso area not before 15th May.
1.(g)
Galashiels: May 1944 - August 1944
Dispositions on
arrival at Galashiels
May 1944
19th Advance parties of CIABG and 22 LHQ proceeded to the new area.
24th: Detachments of 1st and 2nd Armoured Regiments moved by rail to the new area.
25th: Detachments of 1st and 2nd Armoured Regiments and A/T Battery moved by rail to the
new area.
26th: Detachments of 1st and 2nd Armoured Regiments
and Motor Battalion moved by rail to the new area. Road parties of CIABG units also started to make the journey, up to the 30th
May.
June 1944
1st: Warning order for complete mobilisation of CIABG units by 25th June received.
6th: 02.00hrs. Complete wireless silence imposed by HQ 21 Army Group until further
instructions.
7th: 16.30hrs. Order received for mobilisation of all units of the CIABG (except liaison
staff, Welfare Section and Court Martial).
1.(h)
Bridlington: August 1944
Dispositions on
arrival at Bridlington
August 1944
Moved to Bridlington. Exercises and preparation for embarkation to transfer to the
Continent.
On the 13th Col. B.Chodský and 40 other Officers relinquished their appointments with the
CIABG to take up appointments in Russia. At the end of the month the CIABG moved by 6 road
convoys (2 of which were advance parties) and 8 trains to 3 Marshalling Areas in Southern
England and was then loaded onto ships.
Appointments
List on leaving Britain
2. France
September 1944
Arrived in France. Based at Epaney. Re-equipped. Training and exercises.
October 1944
CIABG moved to Dunkirk area with HQ at Wormhoudt, arriving on the 6th and coming under the
command of 1st Canadian Army. The CIABG units became the main body of the 'Dunkirk Force',
of which the CIABG GOC became commander. Engaged in siege of isolated German garrison at
Dunkirk. CIABG remained here with the same task until May 1945.
The first major attack by the CIABG on the German
defenders of Dunkirk occurred on the 28th October 1944, the Czechoslovak National Day.
Almost complete success was achieved.
Plan of Attack: CIABG OO No. 3 - Page 1 (120KB) Page 2 (98KB)
22 LHQ War Diary Entries relating to the attack - Page 1 (87KB) Page 2 (94KB)
Intelligence Summary including the period of the
attack - One Page (151KB)
November 1944
The second major attack occurred on 5th November 1944, but met with less success than
before as the German defenders were better prepared and expecting an action.
Plan of Attack: CIABG OO No. 4 - Page 1 (172KB) Page 2 (91KB)
22 LHQ War Diary Entries relating to the attack - Page 1 (106KB) Page 2 (104KB)
Intelligence Summary including the period of the
attack - One Page (184KB)
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FILM: Czechoslovak Mortar Attack (First 2:08 of 7:41)
Clip of newsreel on British Pathe web site. Mid-November 1944 on Dunkirk perimiter.
Views of mortars rapid firing from positions in sand dunes, shells
landing, soldier standing against wire on beach.
https://www.britishpathe.com/video/invasion-scenes-europe-british-troops-6/
Use
Full Screen control in top right of film image to view larger version.
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April 1945
Departure on the 24th of the Token Force (kombinovaný oddíl) on its journey back to
Czechoslovakia, crossing the border on 1st May.
May 1945
On the 9th General Liška, as commander of the 'Dunkirk Force', accepted the surrender of
the German garrison at Dunkirk (10,884 men) from the commander, Admiral Frisius.
3. Return to Czechoslovakia
On the 12th and 13th of May the CIABG started its
journey back to Czechoslovakia, the first units reaching Plzeň on the 18th and continuing
to their designated area on the demarcation line between the Soviet and American forces to
the east of Klatovy. Headquarters of LHQ was established at Zámek Nalžovy, Stříbrné
Hory (now called Nalžovské Hory), with that of the CIABG temporarily at Hradešice,
later moving to Zámek Nalžovy on the 23rd May. At the end of May, as much of the CIABG
as possible went to Prague for a Victory Parade on the 30th, returning to their positions
on the demarcation line immediately after the end of the parade.
Click
here to see a list of Czechoslovak Brigade
dispositions on the demarcation line
Click here to see a special Google map showing the
dispositions on the demarcation line
4. Picture Gallery - May 1945
Dunkirk to Prague
Major
N.V. Sissons joined 22LHQ at Dunkirk in October 1945, becoming its Chief of Staff and
remaining with the unit until after the return of the CIABG to Czechoslovakia. It would
appear that he took a series of photographs with a personal camera of events concerning
the CIABG in May 1945. These form a collection of 111 (one hundred and eleven) images
which have found their way to the PRO, with a letter dated July 1969 indicating that they
were originally donated by Sissons to the Intelligence Corps Museum at Ashford, Kent.
Currently there are 47 from the 111 images on the Picture Gallery page (see the list
below).
| Items |
Location |
Date |
Notes |
| 3 |
Dunkirk |
|
Parade. ???Medal
ceremony??? |
| 5 |
Dunkirk |
May 9th 1945 |
German signing of the
surrender by Admiral Frisius. |
| 7 |
Germany |
|
Scenes passing through
Germany. |
| 3 |
Czechoslovak
border |
|
Crossing the
Czechoslovak border. |
| 4 |
Plzeň |
May 18th 1945 |
Czechoslovak Brigade
drives through. |
| 3 |
Prague - Victory
Parade |
May 30th 1945 |
President Beneš meets
senior officers. |
| 3 |
Prague - Victory
Parade |
May 30th 1945 |
President Beneš meets a
senior officer. One signed by Beneš. |
| 1 |
Prague - Victory
Parade |
May 30th 1945 |
Two senior officers. |
| 3 |
Prague - Victory
Parade |
May 30th 1945 |
Staroměstské
náměstí. One with President Beneš driving through. |
| 4 |
Prague - Victory
Parade |
May 30th 1945 |
Review of CIABG by
President Beneš. |
| 5 |
Prague - Victory
Parade |
May 30th 1945 |
Views from opposite the
main tribune in Na Příkopě with tanks passing. |
| 6 |
Prague - Victory
Parade |
May 30th 1945 |
Views in the streets
along the route. |
These are scans of standard black and white photocopies taken from the original
black and white photographs, so image quality is not high. Small versions of each image
are shown on the gallery page, so the whole page may take a minute or two to completely
download. Then, if you wish, you can view individual medium or large sized versions by
clicking on the links below each image (size of each picture file given).
TO SEE THE CZECHOSLOVAK BRIGADE
PICTURE GALLERY
MAY 1945 DUNKIRK TO PRAGUE
>>>>> CLICK
HERE <<<<<
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