(a) General
    (b) Dictionaries
    (c) Word Lists and Dialect
    (d) Learning Materials
    (e) Reading (prose only)

    All the titles below, with one or two exceptions are in print.


    (a) General
    • Billy Kay (1993) Scots: The Mither Tongue, Alloway Publishing (ISBN 0-907526) Through his TV and radio work, and this inspirational and radical examination of the history and current state of Scots, few have done more to raise awareness and popularise the cause of the Scots language. Anyone with an interest in Scots should read this book.
    • J Derrick McClure (1988) Why Scots Matters, The Saltire Society (ISBN 0-85411-0039-9) A concise and compelling argument, covering much the same ground as Kay.
    • J Derrick McClure et al (1980) The Scots Language: Planning for a Modern Usage, Ramsay head Press (ISBN unknown) Not in print. McClure and others suggests how revival might might be acheived, and some of the problems.
    • David Murison (1977) The Guid Scots Tongue, The Mercat Press (ISBN unknown) A short, but surprisingly detailed, popular guide by an author who knows his linguistics.
    • Charles Jones (1995) A Language Suppressed, John Donald (ISBN 0-85976-427-3). More a linguist's text than the racy title suggests, focusing on Scots pronunciation in the 18th century, but starting with a good review on the pressures on Scots at a key time in its history.


    (b) Dictionaries
    • Scottish National Dictionary Association (1991) The Concise Scots Dictionary, Aberdeen University Press (ISBN 0-550-11850-0) One volume Scots to English dictionary covering historical and current usage
    • Scottish National Dictionary Association (1993) The Concise English-Scots Dictionary, Chambers (ISBN 0-550-11855-1) Quite simply the 'Bible' for modern Scots writers.
    • Scottish National Dictionary Association (1996) The Scots School Dictionary, Chambers (ISBN 0-550-11856-X) The English-Scots section is likely to set the standard for modern Scots vocabulary and orthography.
    • Iseabail Macleod (1990) The Scots Thesaurus, Aberdeen University Press (ISBN 0-08-036583-3) Really more a thematic Scots-English dictionary than a thesaurus, so of less use as a tool than you might imagine. The English-Scots index is a useful supplement to CESD, though, with a wider (ie more archaic) coverage of 20,000 words.


    (c) Word Lists and Dialect
    • Collins Gem Scots Dictionary (1995) HarperCollins (ISBN 0-00-470486-X) Informative new list of 2000 of the most commonly used distinct Scots words and concepts. Most Lowland Scots might understand most of these words.
    • Iseabail Macleod (1986) The Pocket Guide to Scots Words, Richard Drew Publishing (ISBN 0-86267-160-4) Useful booklet 'to help tourists and newcomers' which includes over 500 common Scots words and about the same in Gaelic. Also covers names and place-name elements.
    • Michael Munro (1985) The Patter, Glasgow City Libraries (ISBN 0-906169-09-7) Enormously popular and oft-reprinted guide to Glasgow patois. Many of Munro's 'local forms' (about half, I reckon) are basic Scots: ablow, aipple, airieplane, aw, awfy, ayeways, all the way through to wummin, wur, yin, yon, yous, but lots of original Glesga stuff included too. Two other volumes were published, which may indicate something of Glesga inventiveness (especially in terms of abuse).


    (d) Learning Materials
      Beginners will be suprised that after some 70 years of attempted language revival, only now are some half-decent learning materials emerging. A canna unnerstaun it aither.

    • Scottish Consultative Council on the Curriculum (1996) The Kist/A'Chiste, Blackie (ISBN 0-17-429007-1) Ground-breaking anthology of Scots (and some Gaelic) materials aimed at primary schools. A teaching pack with cassetes of all the texts is also available (ISBN 0-17-429006-3)
    • AUSLQ (1995) Innin Ti the Scots Leid (no ISBN) The Aiberden Univairsitie's Scots Leid Quorum's useful 44 page booklet. Strong on spelling (I use most of their system) and grammar with some useful vocabulary (the human body, clothes, family, the kitchen, time, geography but alas runs out of steam on the phrases and wird leit.
    • Douglas Kynoch (1994) Teach Yourself Doric, Scottish Cultural Press (with Cassette ISBN 1-898218-17-X) A real oddity this one. Kynoch can't make up his mind whether he's writing an 'entertainment' or a text book (but it does include tests, lists of irregular verbs and so on). And where does Scots fit in? Most of it is pure Scots but unfortunately peculiarities of North Eastern vocabulary and pronunctiation are mixed in without comment so ye hae tae caaa cannie. Popular, though.
    • Scots Language Society (1983) GLEG, Scotsoun Publications Aimed mainly at weans, GLEG starts the user off with 200 'wee words' and builds up through stories (of the Mune an the Puddock variety). Good lists of vocab and phrases.
    • William Grant and James Main Dixon (1921) Manual of Modern Scots. Not in print. OK, a bit hard to find, but a mine of information if you do. A detailed attempt to descibe a standard 'literary' Scots based on contemporary East Central speech and (mainly) 19th Century literature. The wide range of sources include 'Kailyard' writers (eg Barrie, Crockett, Maclaren), Bell (see below), Burns, Scott and Stevenson as well as local papers and 'reminicsences'. The manual is in 3 parts: Phonetics (70pp), Grammar (120pp) and a Reader (with phonetic transcripts).
    • Wilson, James (1915) Lowland Scotch. Not in print Another one you won't find in your local John Menzies but worth hunting down. Meticulous investigation of the speech of the Perthshire village of Dunning (where I used to live!): pronunctiation, grammar, wordlists, sayings, idioms, expressions. Legend has it this was the book that inspired Hugh MacDiarmid to start screivin awa in Scots, and I'm not surprised.

    (e) Reading (prose only)

      From the 19th century Scott (eg Redguntlet) and Stevenson (eg Weir of Hermiston, Thrawn Janet), often used Scots dialogue and may be a good starting point if you like that sort of thing. A lot of fine Scots is also buried in the fairly dismal novels of the 'Kailyard School'. The eclectic list below concentrates on a few recent works.

    • William Alexander (1871, reprinted 1995) Johnny Gibb of Gushetneuk, Tuckwell Press (ISBN 1-89841-044-5) Classic Victorian radical novel, largely written in Aberdeenshire Scots.
    • JJ Bell (1933, reprinted 1993) Wee Macgreegor/Wee Macgreegor Again, Birlinn Ltd (ISBN 1-874744-09-2) A personal favourite, read to me as a wee laddie by an enlightened teacher. Returning many years later, I was surprised by the freshness of the Scots. The stories, about a wee Glesga boy, were originally published at the turn of the century by the Glasgow Evening Times. Packed full of lively Braid Scots dialogue (with remarkably enlightened spelling) and often quite funny, too.
    • William Lorimer (1983) The New Testament in Scots, Penguin Books The longest prose work in modern Scots. OK, it arrived 350 years late but it's a thing of beauty (eg Mary 'wis fund tae be wi bairn bi the Halie Spirit') and a good story too, even if you do know the ending.
    • Robert McLellan (1990) Linmill Stories, Canongate (ISBN 0-86241-282-X) Unmissable collection of rural tales from perhaps the finest writer of Scots prose in our time. Scotsoun sell a tape of the author ereading four of the stories.
    • Neil R MacCallum and David Purves (eds, 1995) Mak it New, Mercat Press (ISBN 1-873644-46-9) An anthology of 21 years of writing in Lallans the magazine of the Scots Language Society. A good selection of traditional prose and poetry and an excellent glossary.
    • James Robertson (ed, 1994) A Tongue in Yer Heid, B&W Publishing, Edinburgh (ISBN 1-873631-35-9) Interesting collection of 28 contemporary short stories. Much wider range of styles than Mak it New, including a contribition by Irvine Welsh (see below). In the introduction Robertson makes a strong case for defining Scots as widely as possible.
    • R. S. Silver (1995) The Hert o Scotland, Scottish Cultural Press (ISBN 1-898218-12-9) Silver's play about Robert the Bruce (in modern Scots) was written in the 1950's but took 40 years to reach the stage where it was rapturously received. This is a new edition.
    • Glenn Telfer (1995) William Wallace: A Scots Life, Argyll Publishing (ISBN 1-874640-46-7) Designed for younger readers and learners, a 92 pages entirely in Scots. The Scots may be a bittie thin for purists, but looks like it may be the first of a series, which must be good news.
    • Irvine Welsh (1993) Trainspotting, Minerva (ISBN 0-7493-9606-7) It's Scots, Jim, but not as we know it. In fact, exactly as we know it. Welsh's cauld Embro blast of demonic demotic gives a good idea of what vernacular urban 'laich' Scots sounds like (nae aw tha bonnie, lots o swearie wirds, lik). James Kelman's equivalent books in Glasgow vernacular, eg How late it was, how late (1994, Minerva ISBN 0-7493-9883-3) sound positively 'pan loaf' in comparison. Trainspotting has been top of the bestseller lists in Scotland since it came out in paperback, which says something about Scots. Despite this, most of the distinctive Scots was stripped out for the the film version and the accents were laughable. Same old story, really.

    © Clive P L Young August 96
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