Azerbaijan is a democratic, legal, secular Republic. A universal referendum adopted the Constitution of Azerbaijan on November 12, 1995. The Republic proclaimed its independence on August 30, 1991. The system of government administration of Azerbaijan is based on the principles of separation of powers: legislative, executive and judicial.

The head of state is the President. The executive power is vested in the President. The President is elected for a 5 year term by direct elections. The supreme body of the executive power of the President is the Cabinet of Ministers, headed by the Prime Minister.

The legislative power is vested in Milli Mejlis - a one chamber Parliament that consists of 125 deputies elected on the basis of a majority and proportional electoral system and general, equal, direct elections for 5 years term.

The judicial power is vested in independent courts of Azerbaijan: Constitutional Court, Supreme Court and High Economic Court.

The official language of the Azerbaijan Republic is the Azerbaijan language spoken by 95% of the population.

The religion of a large part of the population is Islam.

Along with Moslem mosques there are 5 Orthodox Russian churches, 4 Armenian-Gregorian, 3 Jewish, 1 Georgian, 13 Molokan, 1 Protestant, 1 Krishna and Ba'hai society.

Administratively the republic is divided into 65 rural regions.

There are 11 towns of the Republican submission (Baku, Ganja, Sumgayit, Ali-Bayramly, Lankaran, Mingechevir, Naftalan, Khankendi, Sheki, Guba, Shusha).

The capital of Azerbaijan is Baku. The city is divided into 11 districts - Azizbeyov, Binagadi, Garadagh, Narimanov, Nasimi, Nizami, Sabail, Sabunchi, Surakhani, Khatai, Jasamali, comprising 30 settlements (130 in all the republic).