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19990417張草演講

時間旅行簡史

A Brief History of Time Travel

 

張草於1999年4月17日(六)在台北市幼獅文化廣場的科幻演講,欲整理出完整內容,卻逢4月26日「車諾比病毒」,硬碟全毀,寫了大半的內容消失在cyberspace,接著又工作、趕稿不休,無時間再完成,為實現諾言,抽空完成此摘要。

 

源起

名物理學家Stephen Hawking寫了一本書,叫 A Brief History of Time,吾倣效之,將此次演講名為 A Brief History of Time Travel

第一本時間旅行的小說,大概是馬克吐溫(1~1)寫的《一個在亞瑟王廷的康州美國人》(A Conniticut Yankee in the Court of King Arthur, 1),故事是一個人在被擊昏後,醒來時已在代上了亞瑟王、梅林等人。這故事十分有名,造成類似的「回到過去」式故事風潮不斷,至今不少電視劇在沒題材時都會再用,舊的比如 MacGuyver(馬蓋先),新的如 Early Edition(未卜先知、拯救未來)。

當時,「前往未來」式的故事不受注目,直到 H. G. 威爾遜寫出《時間機器》(The Time Machine, 1),自從年改編同名電影後,「威爾遜駕駛時間機器」的點子一直被重複使用,包括電影 Time After Time(兩世奇人,)還有電視劇 Lois and Clarke: A New Adventure of Superman(新超人)。

 

定義

何謂時間旅行?一般上,是「從當下的時間到達另一個不連續 的時間」。

廣義上,我們每一個人都是時間旅行者,不斷往「未來」旅行。

 

 

工具

馬克吐溫的涉及任何時間旅行的工具,時間旅行裝備首次出現應是 H. G. 威爾遜的《時間機器》 Time Machine ,故事的主人翁「時間旅行者」便是駕驗著小飛船樣的機器。同樣的,「回到未來三部曲」(Back to the Future Trilogy)的時間旅行車也算同一觀念。

的小說《時間隧道》Time Tunnel 改編成同名電視劇,便是利用隧道型的裝置,兩名旅行者跑入隧道,一陣火光後,捲入另一個時空。

如果是 Time Machine + Time Tunnel 那便是大家所熟悉的小叮噹了!

歐美的長壽科幻影劇Dr. Who 中,有一部名為TARDIS 的小室,類似電話亭,

Time Vortex

 

 

理論

Relativity

Black Hole

Quantum Theory

Relative Time (the Universal Time Factor)

The Absolute Density of the Universe (the Bucket Factor)

因果

Theory A - Fate (Circular Causation) - Travel back in time to save someone's life only to discover that it cannot be avoided, or worse yet, you were in fact the cause of the person's death in the first place. This is amongst the most plausible theories.

Theory B - Alternate Universe - Travel back in time to save someone's life, succeed, return to your time to discover that nothing has changed... you've only changed the timeline of an alternate quantum reality. This theory is also amongst the most plausible.

Theory C - Success - Travel back in time to kill your great-grandfather and succeed. This theory is very unlikely since if you were to successfully kill your great-grandfather, you would inevitably never be born, and therefore never go back in time to kill your great-grandfather. Thus the paradox and the implausibility.

Theory D - Observer Effect - Travel back in time to alter history and succeed, but the only persons capable of differentiating between the reality left behind and the new reality are those directly associated with the time travel... the time traveller. The extent of the paradox rests in how the time traveller is affected. Existing "out of time", he may not be affected by whatever changes he inflicts on the timeline, thus the time traveller himself becomes a stranger in this "new" present. He may, in fact, go back in time, kill his great-grandfather, and return to the present to discover that there are no records of his own existance.

 

 

矛盾

 

 

種菜不易。誰知此中字。個個皆心血。

文章轉載請務必請問張草

 

「科幻一九九九帝國大反攻」系列演講

 

Time Travel Links

小說與電影索引:史蒂芬的時間旅行網頁

輕鬆的討論:時間旅行研究所

嚴肅的論文:時間位移(時間旅行)的廣義原理

理論總集:時間旅行研究中心

網站總集:時間旅行網聯(webring)

 

1998年6月13日,「LIS太空號」上映第一天,看了之後,一直對片中的時間問題耿耿於懷脫離太陽而用超光速﹕相對論使他們離開了數十年宇宙迷路的原因,重新找到星圖想起sphere中的未來太空船重力影響時間?利用重力飛行﹕星球爆炸,但朝地心衝去和脫離速度?

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