Thermodynamics

Model systems

• Various two-state systems
• Counting states
• Multiplicity function, exact
• Stirling approximation (weak form)
• Multiplicity function, large number of particles
• Probabilities, sharpness of multiplicity function
• Average values

Energy, entropy, and temperature

• Energy and the two-state system
• Putting two systems together, conserve energy
• Explicit example, small system
• Mixing large binary systems
• Equilibrium, entropy as log of states
• Temperature as entropy derivative
• Classical entropy, Boltzmann's connection
• Entropy increases
• The reservoir idea