History of Fashion & Dress
Changes in Wedding Garments from 1895-1948
    In contemplating the changes, and the stark contrasts between a brown faille 1895 wedding garment and a light, airy 1948 parachute silk wedding gown, I considered the statement, �no fashion is new�, all costume has evolved, or is developed from previous costume, from Changing Styles in Fashion: Who, What, Why , by Maggie Pexton Murry. I took a look at wedding dress history, limiting my search to details that had direct bearing on my two study garments and their accessories. 
    The wedding gown is much more than just a dress.  It is a highly symbolic garment and its color, details and accessories resonate with meaning.

    Wedding gowns are magic. They are a symbol of romance, but they also reflect the history and tradition of the world. 
�Brides have always worn the most luxurious fabrics and the demand for opulent textiles helped spur exploration of the world and fueled the economy of nations.�

     Until  the 1960's the silhouette of the wedding dress followed the current styles of everyday dressing.  After that, the wedding gown became a chance to play with the pageantry of the past. The great variety of styles, fabrics, details  and embellishments makes today�s wedding gown an expression of personal dreams as well as a commentary on history and society.
      The wedding dress in history:

     While today�s wedding dresses represent romance, it was only in the last few hundred years�make that generations, in some cultures�that love was considered to be important to marriage.  It is probable that in the earliest marriages the great emphasis on the bride�s appearance was due to the fact that she represented her family in a public contract.  The legacy of the bride�s dress is a reflection both of the historical significance of marriage and the importance of a beautifully clothed bride for the family�s status and reputation.  The survival of a family � and more broadly, a culture � depended on the success of the marital union.  The celebration of the wedding is one of the most ancient traditions still followed today.
         Ancient Era:

     An Egyptian bride was traditionally draped in gossamer layers of accordion-pleated white linen.

      In
Roman weddings, the color white, which symbolized joy, was often worn for weddings.  The bride wore a new tunic, a gift from her parents, which was a symbol of her virginity.  And the Roman bride wore a veil, although it was saffron colored, symbolizing the flame of Vesta, the goddess of the home and provider of life.

      The word �wedding� came from the Anglo-Saxon practice of the groom�s paying the bride�s father a fee, a
wedd.
         Middle Ages and Renaissance:
     During the Middle Ages, war and marriage were the most common methods of consolidating positions.  Weddings were a powerful tool to peacefully protect family wealth and lands, especially for the upper classes.  Growing wealth was exhibited in the sumptuous dress of the nobility, and while sumptuary laws were passed, bridal clothing was not regulated.  It was assumed that a bride would wear the best her family could afford.   A member of the nobility would commission a new gown, one that reflected her family�s fortune, and could be worn again for other important events.
        
   
Veils went out of fashion during the 16th century and did not come back until the 1800�s.
    
        The earliest record of a white wedding gown in modern times was that worn by Princess Philippa, daughter of Henry IV of England, in 1406.  Mary Queen of Scots defied French tradition that held white to be the royal color of mourning when she wore a white wedding gown in 1558.  In 1613 England�s Princess Elizabeth married Frederick of Bohemia in a white and silver tissue gown.
         Age of Reason:

      During this time, the color white fell out of favor.  If you were going to invest a lot of money in a gown, it made sense to shell out for one that was practical enough to be reused after the wedding.  In the colonies, brides in the newly settled country generally wore their best dress.  It wasn�t until after World War II that the wedding gown became a dress to be worn only once.
        
         
Victorian Era:

     Unlike most members of her royal family, Queen Victoria married for love.  Her 1840 wedding idealized romance and set a precedent for woman�s right to choose her own husband.  No marriage has had as significant an influence on our modern weddings as Victoria�s.
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