Aum Gung
Ganapathaye Namah
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato samma-sambuddhassa
Homage to The Blessed One, Accomplished and Fully Enlightened
In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most
Merciful
Stalking
A Collection of Articles, Notes and References
References
(Revised: Wednesday, November 29, 2006)
References Edited by
An Indian Yogi
What’s in a name? That which we call a rose
By any other name would smell as sweet.
- William Shakespeare
Copyright © 2002-2010 An Indian Yogi
The following educational writings are STRICTLY for
academic research purposes ONLY.
Should NOT be used for commercial, political or any
other purposes.
(The following notes are subject to update and
revision)
For free distribution only.
You may print copies of this work for free distribution.
You may re-format and redistribute this work
for use on computers and computer networks, provided that you charge no fees for its
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Otherwise, all rights reserved.
8 "... Freely you received, freely
give”.
-
Matthew 10:8 :: New American Standard Bible (NASB)
1 “But mark this:
There will be terrible times in the last days.
2 People will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boastful, proud, abusive, disobedient to their
parents, ungrateful, unholy,
3 without love, unforgiving, slanderous, without self-control, brutal, not lovers of the good,
4 treacherous, rash, conceited, lovers of pleasure rather
than lovers of God—
5 having a form of godliness but denying its power. Have nothing to do with
them.
6 They are the kind who worm their way into homes and gain control over weak-willed women, who are loaded down with sins and are swayed by all
kinds of evil desires,
7 always learning but never able to acknowledge
the truth.
8 Just as Jannes and Jambres opposed Moses,
so also these men oppose the
truth--men of
depraved minds, who, as far as
the faith is concerned, are rejected.
9 But they will not get very far because, as in the case of those
men, their folly
will be clear to everyone.”
-
2 Timothy 3:1-9 :: New International
Version (NIV)
6 As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.
-
Hebrews 5:6 :: King James Version (KJV)
Therefore, I say:
Know your
enemy and know yourself;
in a
hundred battles, you will never be defeated.
When you
are ignorant of the enemy but know yourself,
your
chances of winning or losing are equal.
If ignorant both of your
enemy and of yourself,
you are sure to be
defeated in every battle.
-- Sun Tzu, The Art of War, c. 500bc
There are two ends not to
be served by a wanderer. What are these two? The pursuit of desires and of the pleasure which springs from desire,
which is base, common, leading to rebirth, ignoble, and unprofitable; and the pursuit of pain and
hardship, which is grievous, ignoble, and unprofitable.
- The Blessed One, Lord Buddha
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A
Brief Word on Copyright
Many of
the articles whose educational copies are given below are copyrighted by their
respective authors as well as the respective publishers. Some contain messages
of warning, as follows:
Republication or redissemination of the contents of this screen are
expressly prohibited
without the written
consent of “so
and so”.
According
to the concept of “fair use” in US copyright Law,
The reproduction,
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images, marks or logos) for personal or commercial gain is not permitted. Provided the source is cited, personal, educational
and
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Moreover,
I
believe that satisfies the conditions for copyright and non-plagiarism.
References
Some of
the links may not be active (de-activated) due to various reasons, like removal of the
concerned information from the source database. So an educational copy is also provided,
along with the link.
If the
link is active, do cross-check/validate/confirm the educational copy of the
article provided along.
References
Batty,
David. (
http://society.guardian.co.uk/children/story/0,1074,1000154,00.html
Johnson,
Joe. (
http://www.onlineathens.com/stories/082203/uga_20030822020.shtml
Shaya Tayefe Mohajer. (Sunday, November 12, 2006) Photo technology to
aid in search for abducted children.
http://www.timeswv.com/westvirginia/local_story_316002308.html?keyword=secondarystory
Vasudev, Shefalee. (
http://www.indiatoday.com/webexclusive/dispatch/20030901/web1.html
Wendland, Mike.
(
http://www.freep.com/money/tech/mwend17_20031117.htm
An Act to amend the penal law, in
relation to prohibiting stalking by the use
of technological devices. Bill Summary – A05444. (
http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?bn=A05444
An Act to amend the penal law, in
relation to prohibiting stalking by the use
of technological devices. Bill Text – A05444. (
http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?bn=A05444&sh=t
E-spying on lover?
Better be careful, it could be illegal. (
http://www.hindustantimes.com/2003/Oct/04/181_396290,00030010.htm
Governor Pataki
Signs Law to Protect Stalking Victims. (
http://www.pcnr.com/news/2003/0924/General_Stories/035.html
Letters. (June
2001)
http://www.g2mil.com/June2001Letters.htm
The Effect of Stalking on its Victims
http://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/homepage/Group/BussLAB/stalkinghelp.org/effectonvictims.html
Additional
Reference
International Stalking and Cyberstalking
in India: A Victim’s Experiences - References
http://www.geocities.com/notesofacybervictim/stalking/refer.html
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Educational
Copy of Some of the References
FOR
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY
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Reference
Batty,
David. (
http://society.guardian.co.uk/children/story/0,1074,1000154,00.html
'Cyber-rapists' target children
David Batty
Children are increasingly being targeted by "cyber-rapists" who coerce them into aggressive and abusive sexual encounters in internet chatrooms, an expert on online paedophilia warned today.
Unlike other paedophiles who use the internet with the intention of meeting children offline, the cyber-rapist's aim is to engage in online sexual activity, according to Rachel O'Connell, a member of a Home Office taskforce developing legislation to tackle grooming - the befriending of children online with the aim of abusing them.
This emerging type of sex offender engages in "hit and run" sexual exchanges with children and rarely targets the same child twice, setting the men apart from other online child abusers and hampering efforts to track them down, said Ms O'Connell, director of the cyberspace research unit at the University of Central Lancashire.
In a research paper on "cybersexploitation" published today, she said that cyber-rapists used aggressive commands when coercing
children into rape fantasies.
Ms O'Connell said: "The cyber-rapist wants to achieve sexual release
online. Our research found they were rarely interested in arranging meetings
with children offline, or scheduling another encounter with the same child
online.
"In contrast to other paedophiles, they spend a lot less time cultivating the trust of children and have what could be termed a 'hit and run' mentality.
"They will often start by asking the child to them how they feel about a certain sex act being done to them. The abuser is looking for a negative reaction from the child as they find this exciting."
In her report, A Typology of
Child Cybersexplotation and Online Grooming
Practices, which has been submitted to the Home Office, Ms O'Connell said this new type of online sexual abuse could require new
legislation.
"From a legal point of view it may be difficult to prosecute someone for non-contact sexual abuse," she warned.
The researcher, who spent five
years investigating online paedophile activity, has recommended the creation of a national police tracking
system to monitor and collate reports made to internet service providers by
children about sexually abusive encounters online.
"This would enable us to see whether someone is a serial cyber-rapist," she said.
Ms O'Connell added that more research was needed into the motivations of cyber-rapists.
"It's a new situation, but these men probably rationalise their behaviour as not serious because 'it's not real' - they're not physically abusing a child. Or they may also regard cyber-rape as cathartic," she said.
"From
the research we've done so far, their
psychological profiles are similar to other rapists: it's a power relationship.
"It may be that they can't get other adults to engage in rape fantasies so target children because they are more malleable.
"But we don't know whether they are a distinct group from other paedophiles or whether they may go on to try to arrange meetings with children."
She said the impact of cyber-rape on children needs to be thoroughly assessed to enable internet service providers and child protection professionals to support victims.
Ms O'Connell added: "At present it is only possible to estimate the psychological impact of
these kinds of experiences on vulnerable children, but it seems reasonable to expect
that they will have both short and long-term ill effects."
(Reference: Batty, David. (Thursday,
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Reference
Johnson,
Joe. (
http://www.onlineathens.com/stories/082203/uga_20030822020.shtml
Story last updated at
Leave a lasting mark on your valuables
Naive
students often get ripped off
By Joe Johnson
Each year thousands of students
flock to
By the same token, there are many home grown criminals who take advantage of the school as a rich supply of potential victims.
''There are certain elements out there that prey upon the students,'' Athens-Clarke police Lt. Mike Sales said. ''Young people tend to be more gullible, wanting to believe everyone is good.'
Such naiveté often stems from childhoods spent in small towns where folks left their doors unlocked at night, Sales said, adding, ''When they come to Athens they think they can do the same things without understanding that people are looking for open doors, backpacks left on porches and nice mountain bikes left unchained.''
While serious violent crime is a concern, and something that unfortunately can affect students, Katie Jones of the Athens-Clarke County Police Department's Crime Prevention Unit said the common problem affecting those attending UGA are property crimes such as theft and burglary.
''The main thing that I see is entering autos, so I would suggest not leaving any items of value in plain site. Store them in the trunk of car - that's the main thing,'' Jones said.
According to police, students need to understand there is a certain portion of the criminal population that preys solely on students. Such criminals are opportunists, so students need to learn behaviors that will minimize opportunities to be victimized.
''Use outside lighting,'' Jones said. ''And I know it's a pain, but lock up every time you go out. Don't leave keys under flower pots - leave them with friends, relatives or a neighbor.''
To
avoid becoming a crime victim, police urge students to develop the same
discipline in adopting good crime prevention behaviors that they have toward
the work habits that got them into college.
Here are some precautions suggested by police:
> When looking for an apartment, make sure to inquire about the neighborhood, and drive around, especially at night, to inspect about a five-block radius around the apartment. Rent should not be the sole determining factor when choosing where to live.
> Follow the ''3/7 rule:'' Make sure no shrubbery is higher than 3 feet and no tree canopy is lower than 7 feet to reduce hiding places for prowlers and increase visibility of potential entry points for burglars.
> Be smart when protecting your car from break-ins. While there isn't much you can do about an in-dash CD player (unless it has a detachable face), you should never leave anything of value inside a parked car.
While a car alarm might not prevent someone from breaking into a vehicle to steal easily-retrievable items, police said most thieves will not stick around with an alarm going off to hot-wire a car or steal such items as in-dash stereos requiring time to disconnect.
> If you have valuable items, whether they be TVs, VCRs, even microwave ovens, make sure you've made your mark on them. The Athens-Clarke Police Department offers free use of an electric engraver to leave initials, birthdates or some other unique identifier on your items that can be easily stolen. Make sure to record the make, model and serial number. Burglary victims tend to have no way of identifying their TV from 100 others after the fact, police say.
In matters of personal safety, police officials want
students to be aware that alcohol clouds the senses.
Police officials note that in a number
of robbery, rape and assault cases, involving both male and female victims, the
victims had either been intoxicated or impaired by liquor. If drinking,
try walking with a crowd, but when that isn't possible, police urge students to always be aware of their surroundings, keeping
an eye out for anything looking suspicious or threatening.
Those new to UGA and the state
must remember that in
A few
words about weapons - don't rely on them too much. According to police,
many women today carry pepper spray, which is fine. They caution, however, that
some will get a false sense of security once that
spray can is in their purse, and forget to follow all other preventative
tactics.
The goal is to avoid falling into
a situation where pepper spray would be needed. And
even then, there's no assurance you can get
to it in time if it's stashed away in a purse.
> It seems like common
sense, but sadly, in the case of at least two serial rapists in
Take the infamous case of John Scieszka, who was convicted of raping and sexually assaulting five women in the Five Points area in 1995 and 1996. Police said Scieszka ''never actually had to break into the first home,'' he just came in through unlocked doors and windows that were left open.
Also,
if a friend is scheduled to show up at your apartment at
The police department's advice on walking home from downtown: Don't. Take a taxi, they suggest, or call a friend.
Don't be afraid to call police,
even if it seems trivial. The 911 emergency
telephone number isn't just for someone bleeding to death or a house burning to
the ground. Police urge students to punch
those three numbers whenever they see something suspicious or potentially
threatening.
The police department's Crime Prevention Unit has a variety of literature students may find handy in reducing their potential as victims. The office can be reached at (706) 613-3330.
In addition, Safe Campuses Now, an
Safe Campuses Now can be reached at (706) 354-1115.
Published in the
(Reference: Johnson,
Joe. (
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Reference
Shaya Tayefe Mohajer. (Sunday, November 12, 2006) Photo technology to
aid in search for abducted children.
http://www.timeswv.com/westvirginia/local_story_316002308.html?keyword=secondarystory
Published: November 12, 2006 12:23 am
Photo technology to aid in search for abducted children
By Shaya Tayefe Mohajer
Associated Press Writer
CHARLESTON — The nightmare of every parent became all too real for Michelle Riggs two years ago when a man broke into her home late at night, assaulted her daughter and then tried to drag the child through a bedroom window to his waiting car.
“God forbid, if she had been taken, I don’t know what I would have done,” Riggs said. “I wasn’t in my right mind that night to go find a picture or give the police a description.”
“How can you get law enforcement officials to help you find the most cherished asset God will ever give you when you don’t have a current picture or accurate biological data on the child?” said AmberView developer Bob Chico.
A child’s identifying
information would be distributed within minutes of an AmberAlert,
a system developed to help locate abducted children. Nearly
797,500 children are reported missing each year, according to the
“The national AmberAlert program as established is absolutely phenomenal.
AmberView is an enhancement to that program and
process. It’s a tool that has utility for policemen on the street,”
AmberView could have multiple uses, including the tracking of sexual predators and aiding maxillofacial surgeons reconstruct the faces of children hurt in serious accidents, he said.
The program was borne of the
knowledge that of the seven Amber Alerts issued in
The
Program developers hope AmberView will become financially self-sufficient through
sales to other states. A selling price has yet to be determined. There have
been a number of casual inquiries from parents and educators across the
country, including
AmberAlert was
created in 1996 after Amber Hagerman, 9, was kidnapped while riding her bicycle
near her home in
AmberAlerts
have been credited with locating more than 300
children.
“It’s so important
that we get this right in
In
Initially, parents were wary that putting
personal information about their children into a centralized database would leave it vulnerable to
hacking, said
“We know we can never guarantee the safety of a child, but the idea is that we want to stack the deck in our favor if there is an incident of any kind,” Friebel said.
Stacking that deck is what the
Riggs family intends to do, through advocacy and support for programs like AmberView. Michelle Riggs and her daughter Carrington, now
12, have met with Gov. Joe Manchin to discuss laws
protecting children. Riggs is also spearheading the
“This is a step in the right direction to protect all of our children,” Riggs said. “I’m hoping people nationwide see that AmberView has helped us and can help them.”
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Personal Note
If my stalking case is true...where you
can zoom in...from a far away distance...using high tech thermal sensor type
devices...where you don’t even have to enter INTO (hack) any network to
access any information...where whatever information that appears on the
computer screen...is readable...then the same information will also be
available to the sex predators...instantaneously...whenever those who have
legal access to the data read the data...from the computer screen/monitor...
Written around 0148 p.m. Wednesday,
November 29, 2006
Revised around 0200 p.m. Wednesday,
November 29, 2006
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Reference
Vasudev, Shefalee. (
http://www.indiatoday.com/webexclusive/dispatch/20030901/web1.html
OBSEXED
From crank calls to stalking, obsessive behaviour in man-woman relationships is common but
dangerous.
Aishwarya Rai didn't want to talk about how unnerving it was for her
to be at the receiving end of actor Salman Khan's
obsessive behaviour during their relationship and
after. When she crossed that boundary of self-imposed restraint, all she said
was, "Enough. The Salman chapter was a nightmare
in my life." This response barely suggests the
spectrum of turbulent emotions that both-the one who is obsessed and the object
of obsession find themselves trapped in. Obsessive behaviour,
whether it involves a beautiful actor or an inconspicuous telephone operator,
is frightening and is fraught with diabolic dangers. It takes the form of crank
or blank phone calls, pleas, threats, letters and stalking. Sometimes tender,
sometimes fervent, it ranges from the aggressive to the neurotic. A demonic
power seems to create and churn nervous energy. Obsessions vary but those that
have to do with love and sex bring unbridled anger and pain. Springing from a
lunatic passion for the object of desire, they can, like Rai
said, be nightmarish.
That's also how actor Bipasha
Basu termed her experience of being molested twice in
public. Once she was crassly manhandled by some hooligans during a shooting in Jaipur. It happened again at Rain, a popular restaurant in
a Mumbai suburb, when a man walked up to her, caressed her breast and tried to
slink away. "I would call it an excessive preoccupation," says
psychiatrist Sumant Khanna
who thinks it is dangerous to call someone "obsessed" without
meticulous evaluation to support it. "The
dominant theme in relationships is emotion, whereas obsession is a thought," he explains. Khanna, who has researched
obsessive compulsive disorder for the past 20 years, feels that carelessly used
psychobabble leaves an entire society debating and deriving vicarious pleasure
from what may be just an assumption.
Obsessions are not the lifetruths
of celebrities alone; ordinary people too get entangled in them. It is just that the fatal attractions of celebrities get noticed. "Fame supports impulsive outbursts," says Khanna, explaining why celebrities
easily engage in and get away with public outbursts. That lends some insight
into Vivek Oberoi's press
conference. Also, those busy on the social circuit are more accepting of
oscillating behaviour because their crowd sanctions
it, even if their families don't.
Curiously, the World Health Organisation's
definition of obsession excludes every kind of pleasurable behaviour
even if it is compulsive. Clinically,
obsession is that which, even in the obsessed person's mind, is recognised as silly but continues to be a repeated and
time-consuming intrusion that keeps stabbing the thought process.
That's what happened to
28-year-old Naveen Gulati. What he thought was normal behaviour
had begun bordering on the abnormal. Just four months
after he got involved with his colleague Diksha Mittal, he found himself extremely suspicious of her. He
tried to pacify himself by terming it irrational but couldn't snap out of the desire to keep tabs on Mittal, stoked
by a painful jealousy. Mittal
began getting umpteen blank calls, during which the caller would either cough
or maintain an eerie silence. Once, she found a tape recorder beneath her bed
with the record button on. Next, she received a packet that contained her own
photograph with slashes drawn on it in red. Whenever she mentioned this to Gulati, he would shrug, telling her not to worry.
It was the police who finally nailed Gulati after nine scary months during which Mittal felt she had lost control over her life. A caller
identification helped trace him. He confessed. "Our relationship ended
there," says Mittal who is yet to get over the
panic attacks triggered by Gulati's behaviour.
Khanna agrees that obsessions impact relationships more destructively
than other psychiatric problems. Obsessive people find it difficult to sustain
adult relationships. A study, "Expressed Emotions in
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder", published in the Indian Journal of
Psychiatry in 2002, by A. Shanmugaiah, M. Varghese
and S. Khanna at nimhans,
Most well-known people who have been victims of
such behaviour agree. Rhea Pillai,
model-actor and ambassador of Art of Living, recalls that a 25-year-old man
once stalked her by repeatedly phoning her. "He clearly needed psychiatric
help," says Pillai. After her dissuading
attempts failed, she went out of her way to get in touch with his parents to
get professional help for him. "Then I distanced myself completely,"
she says. On the other hand, Delhi-based theatre personality Suhel Seth, who was pursued by a woman for four years
through letters, phone calls, persistent visits to his house at night, verbal
and written threats and emotional blackmailing tactics, says that he firmly stuck to the rule: no
conversation with the stalker. "Even
after lodging an fir, the incidents did not stop completely," says Seth, admitting that the
episodes left him shaken. "It can leave you very vulnerable and under
constant siege," he says, adding that obsessive pursuits should never be considered
flattering. "It is a myth that only women are stalked. It is equally troublesome
for men," he says.
Seth may be right but research suggests that sexual obsessions are more common in men. "The obsessive urge
to touch or see people's private parts is more pronounced in men than in
women," says Khanna. Model Jessy Randhawa would think so.
"A man keeps sending dirty anonymous sms
messages to a few models and sometimes he calls us as well," she says. She
feels that this person is obsessed with establishing a contact with models.
Despite complaints to the police, the man's phone number has not been traced. Stalkers are not always anonymous voices. They
could be somebody you know well and meet frequently. Interestingly, since
stalkers often suffer from a lack of self-esteem, they invent detailed
fantasies of non-existing relationships. Love obsessed stalkers can become so
desperate that they believe even negative or violent behaviour
would bring them closer to their victims. In the book, I
Know You Really Love Me: A Psychiatrist's Account of Stalking and Obsessive Love,
author Doreen R. Orion talks about how
stalkers want to keep interacting with their victims. They play on their guilt,
sympathy, fear, anything possible. But the golden rule is to avoid any
interaction, be it shouting back, pleading, threatening or trying to make them
see reason (see box). Former Miss Universe runner-up Manpreet Brar agrees: "I
used to get crank calls in the middle of the night from young boys, but I never
ever engaged in conversation with them."
Most victims of obsessive pursuit do admit
that it overwhelms their reasoning and leaves them in self-doubt and fear. Priti Singh, a 30-year-old single woman,
says she would have scary death dreams with gunshots ringing in her ears, after
her former boyfriend pointed a gun at a man ogling at her. He then fired a
blank shot. "He wouldn't allow me to look around in a public place. If I
did, he would beat me later," she says. Predictably,
there are no laws in India that specifically address stalking though some
sections of the Indian Penal Code can help pin down an offender. In any case, the price of
obsession and its punishment is too personal. For obsessions linger, but the relationships they jump
out of come to an end. Anger too sticks on, like an ever present
repellant. It reminds those involved that they were not
in control. Would Aishwarya Rai
agree?
Some names have been changed to protect identities.
(Reference: Vasudev, Shefalee. (
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Reference
Wendland, Mike.
(
http://www.freep.com/money/tech/mwend17_20031117.htm
MIKE WENDLAND: Cyber-bullies make it tough for kids to leave playground
BY MIKE WENDLAND
FREE PRESS COLUMNIST
Now there are cyber-bullies distressing our kids.
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PUT A
STOP TO CYBER-BULLYING
Here's a list of steps Glenn Stutzky, a school safety violence specialist, suggests to combat cyber-bullying:
For
children
Do not respond to cyber-bullying messages.
Be careful to whom you give your number or online handle.
Report harassment to school officials and parents.
For
parents
Talk about the subject with your kids.
Supervise their cell phone and Internet usage.
Buy software that records instant messages.
For
schools
Amend anti-bullying policies to include digital bullying.
Educate teachers and students about the seriousness of the problem.
Make sure parents know who to contact at the school about cyber-bullying.
And unlike traditional school-yard bullies, there's no getting away from these high-tech harassers because of e-mail, instant messaging, Wi-Fi connected laptops and text messages sent by cell phone -- sometimes with offensive and insulting photographs.
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"Technology has made it
possible to always be in communication with someone," says Glenn Stutzky, a school safety violence specialist serving on the
faculty of
It's not an insignificant
problem, he says, noting that early research says 20 to 30 percent of kids
report being the victim of a bully. "Bullying is the most frequently
occurring form of violence in American schools today," Stutzky
says. "It is the engine that drives the
majority of violence that is happening."
The emergence of cyber-bullies has coincided with what Stutzky calls the rise of the "always-connected" generation -- teens who have grown up with computers and the Internet. Add cell phones to the equation -- one in three kids ages 10 to 19 now has his or her own cell phone, according to a study by the Yankee Group market research firm -- and "you have a generation that is in constant communications with a wide network of their peers no matter where they are."
The
availability of picture phones has even resulted in compromising photos of
students in school locker rooms or rest rooms being mass e-mailed to their
peers.
Stutzky conducts workshops around the country on how to "bully-proof" schools, and he says he is increasingly encountering examples of cyber-bullying. For example:
A middle school
girl went to
Another middle school girl received text messages about her choice of shoes: "Where did your mommy buy those shoes -- the bargain basement?" Girls tend to be bullied most about their appearance and their choice of clothes, Stutzky notes.
A straight high school boy received a text message saying "Just how gay are you?" The message went on to ask how many boys he had had sex with that week. A large part of bullying and harassment among boys centers on sex and sexual orientation, according to Stutzky's research.
Besides the traditional harassment and name-calling, cyber-bullying tends to spread more rumors and gossip than physical intimidation and bullying, he notes.
"It
is hard to overstate how devastating this kind of bullying is on the young people who have been singled out,"
Stutzky says. "Emotionally,
they are at a very vulnerable time in their development, and while these comments may seem silly to people who have
matured, they are very devastating to the
young people on the receiving end."
Kids are technologically
harassed at school, at home, at the dinner table with parents, when they're on
their computers doing homework at night, even in the middle of the night when
the phone rings, he says. "That's what many say is the worst part about cyber-bullies -- there's no safe
place to get away from them."
Stutzky is working up a list of suggestions for educators and parents on how to spot cyber-bullying. But among immediate things parents can do is watch their child's reaction when a cell phone message comes across, and then ask him or her about the contents. Same thing applies to computer use and instant messages.
Some kids may be too young to have a cell phone or unsupervised Internet access.
"Cyber-bullies
have their victims on an electronic tether,"
Stutzky says. "The
kids on the receiving end can't get out of range."
Contact MIKE WENDLAND at 313-222-8861 or [email protected].
(Reference: Wendland, Mike. (
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Reference
An Act to amend the penal law, in
relation to prohibiting stalking by the use
of technological devices. Bill Summary – A05444. (
http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?bn=A05444
Bill Summary - A05444
See Bill Text
A05444 Summary:
SAME AS No same as
SPONSOR Townsend
COSPNSR
MLTSPNSR
Amd SS120.40, 120.50 & 120.55, Pen L
Prohibits stalking by the use of technological devices and provides criminal
penalties therefore.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A05444 Actions:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A05444 Votes:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A05444 Memo:
TITLE OF BILL : An act to amend the penal law, in relation to
prohibiting stalking by the use of technological devices
PURPOSE OR GENERAL IDEA OF BILL :
Increased the penalty for stalking in the third and fourth degrees by
one penalty level, when such crimes are committed by the use of a
technological device.
SUMMARY OF SPECIFIC PROVISIONS :
Section one amends section 120.40 of Penal Law to define
"technological devices" as the interner, cameras, global positioning
tracking devices and any other tracking devices, but shall not be
limited to such items.
Section two amends Section 120.50 of the Penal Law to make a person
guilty of stalking in the third degree, a class A misdemeanor, when he
or she commits the crime of stalking in the fourth degree by means of
a technological device.
Section three amends Section 120.55 of Penal Law to make a person
guilty of the crime of stalking in the second degree, a class E
felony, when he or she commits the crime of stalking in the third
degree by means of a technological device.
JUSTIFICATION :
In 1999,
first through fourth degree, punishable as a class D felony to a class
A misdemeanor, depending on the severity of the crime. This law is
silent regarding the specific use of technological devices.
As technology evolves, stalkers continue to find new ways to harass
their victims by utilizing such mechanisms as the internet, hidden
cameras, and caller identification. The most serious case to date
involves a
system (GPD) device under the hood of his ex-girlfriend`s car in order
to track her every movement. The stalker told his victim that no
matter where she went, he would find her. This device utilized a
constellation of Defense Department Satellites to pinpoint her
location.
Similar scenarios playing out around the country have prompted the
need to update stalking laws to include stalker use of technology. The
Stalking
enough to include technologies that don`t yet exist. Providing
heightened penalties for stalkers who misuse technology to terrorize
their victims sends a clear message that this type of behavior will
not be tolerated.
PRIOR LEGISLATIVE HISTORY :
This is a new bill
FISCAL IMPLICATIONS :
None
EFFECTIVE DATE : This act shall take effect on the first of November
succeeding the date on which it shall have become a law.
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Reference
An Act to amend the penal law, in
relation to prohibiting stalking by the use
of technological devices. Bill Text – A05444. (
http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?bn=A05444&sh=t
Bill Text - A05444
See Bill Summary
S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
5444
2003-2004 Regular Sessions
I N A S S E M B L Y
___________
Introduced by M. of A. TOWNSEND -- read once and referred to the Commit-
tee on Codes
AN ACT to amend the penal law, in relation to prohibiting stalking by
the use of technological devices
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
1 Section 1. Section 120.40 of the penal law is amended by adding a new
2 subdivision 6 to read as follows:
3 6. "TECHNOLOGICAL DEVICES" MEANS THE INTERNET, CAMERAS, GLOBAL POSI-
4 TIONING TRACKING DEVICES AND ANY OTHER TRACKING DEVICE, BUT SHALL NOT BE
5 LIMITED TO SUCH ITEMS.
6 S 2. Subdivision 4 of section 120.50 of the penal law, as added by
7 chapter 635 of the laws of 1999, is amended and a new subdivision 5 is
8 added to read as follows:
9 4. Commits the crime of stalking in the fourth degree and has previ-
10 ously been convicted within the preceding ten years of stalking in the
11 fourth degree{.}; OR
12 5. COMMITS THE CRIME OF STALKING IN THE FOURTH DEGREE BY THE USE OF A
13 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVICE OR TECHNOLOGICAL DEVICES.
14 S 3. Subdivision 4 of section 120.55 of the penal law, as added by
15 chapter 635 of the laws of 1999, is amended and a new subdivision 5 is
16 added to read as follows:
17 4. Being twenty-one years of age or older, repeatedly follows a person
18 under the age of fourteen or engages in a course of conduct or repeated-
19 ly commits acts over a period of time intentionally placing or attempt-
20 ing to place such person who is under the age of fourteen in reasonable
21 fear of physical injury, serious physical injury or death{.}; OR
22 5. COMMITS THE CRIME OF STALKING IN THE THIRD DEGREE BY THE USE OF A
23 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVICE OR TECHNOLOGICAL DEVICES.
24 S 4. This act shall take effect on the first of November next succeed-
25 ing the date on which it shall have become a law.
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
{ } is old law to be omitted.
LBD09215-01-3
.SO DOC A 5444 *END* BTXT 2003
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Reference
E-spying on lover?
Better be careful, it could be illegal. (
http://www.hindustantimes.com/2003/Oct/04/181_396290,00030010.htm
E-spying on lover? Better be careful, it could be illegal
Reuters
A company calling itself Lover
Spy has begun offering a way for jealous lovers -- and anyone else -- to spy on
the computer activity of their mates by sending an
electronic greeting, the equivalent of a thinking-of-you card, that doubles as
a bugging device.
Computer security experts said
the Lover Spy service and software appeared to violate
Marketed as a way to "catch a cheating lover," the Lover Spy company offers to send an e-mail greeting card to lure the victim to a Web site that will download onto the victim's computer a trojan programme to be used for spying.
The Lover Spy software, sold for
$89 for up to five computers, purports to record
anything the victim does on the computer, including all keystrokes, passwords,
e-mail, chats and screen shots and even turn on the victim's Web camera.
The spy programme discreetly sends the information to the Lover Spy server which then forwards it on to whoever paid for the software, maintaining their anonymity, according to the company Web site, which did not list contact information.
"Lover Spy is being used today by private investigators worldwide, spouses and parents who want to protect their children," the site claims.
"You don't need physical access to the
computer," said Richard Smith, an independent privacy and security
researcher in
"That would be a felony," said Mark Rasch,
former head of the
"Yikes! That is clearly a wiretapping violation,"
Chris Hoofnagle, associate director of the
"It sounds a lot like a commercial version of Magic Lantern," the controversial programme the FBI proposed a few years ago to remotely install a keystroke logger onto people under investigation, he said.
Other spyware exists, such as eBlaster from Florida-based SpectorSoft, but it is installed manually and marketed for customers to install on their own computer, Rasch said.
"Typically, you have a husband or wife who puts a keystroke logger on the home PC to monitor what Web pages the spouse is going to and what e-mails they're sending," he said.
However, even installing a spyware programme on your own computer may be illegal if it is recording the data of someone else without their consent, depending on the state in which the spying occurs, Hoofnagle said.
Not only could the Lover Spy company be prosecuted for selling software that enables spying, but the person who pays for the service could face up to 10 years in prison and fines for actual damages under the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, he said.
Web sites that surreptitiously
send programmes to a visitor's computer are an
increasingly security menace, said Chris Wysopal,
research director at security consultancy AtStake in
"The risk has always been there, but when the tools are really easy to use you are going to see more spying going on," he said.
The only defences are anti-virus software, which may be able to detect the spyware, and a personal computer firewall which can alert a user when the trojan tries to connect to the Internet to send data out, according to Wysopal.
People should be cautious about allowing Web sites to run unknown code on their PC, he added.
(Reference: E-spying
on lover? Better be careful, it could be illegal. (
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Reference
Governor Pataki
Signs Law to Protect Stalking Victims. (
http://www.pcnr.com/news/2003/0924/General_Stories/035.html
General Stories
Governor Pataki Signs Law to Protect Stalking Victims
"Stay Away" orders to protect victims from offenders with mental illness
Governor George Pataki announced on September 19th that he has signed into law legislation that protects crime victims from offenders who have been found not responsible by reason of mental disease or defect through a "stay away" special order of conditions. The legislation would allow a judge to impose a special order of conditions requiring the defendant to stay away from a victim or witness to the offense, and refrain from harassing or interfering with the victim or witness, as well as their family members.
"This critical legislation will help protect victims and witnesses from harassment or threats even after a case is over," Governor Pataki said. "By allowing the court to impose ‘stay away’ orders, we can prevent offenders with mental illnesses from continuing to harass, stalk, or threaten victims."
The legislation allows the court to impose a special order of conditions that requires the defendant to:
1) stay away from the home, business, or place of employment of the victim or victims, or of any witness designated by the court; and 2) refrain from harassing, intimidating, threatening or otherwise interfering with the victim or witness, as well as specifically named family members.
The legislation also requires that the victim or witness be notified of special order of conditions by the Office of Mental Health. The court must also notify local law enforcement agencies of the "stay away" order. The special order of conditions is valid for five years from the date of its issuance, and the court may extend the period for an additional five years. Current law only provides a victim with an order of protection while a case is pending or after a defendant has been convicted.
(Reference: Governor
Pataki Signs Law to Protect Stalking Victims. (
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Reference
Letters. (June
2001)
http://www.g2mil.com/June2001Letters.htm
…
Finally, stalking people has
become illegal in the
…
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Reference
The Effect of Stalking on its Victims
http://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/homepage/Group/BussLAB/stalkinghelp.org/effectonvictims.html
The Effect of Stalking on its Victims
Ninety-three percent of stalking
victims indicate that being stalked had a
significant negative impact on their personal relationships.
Of those victims currently in romantic relationships, 71 % indicate that being stalked created conflict in their romantic relationships, most often reporting that their current romantic partner was jealous of or intimidated by the stalker.
Sixty-three percent of stalking victims reported conflict in their friendships as a result of being stalked. The conflict was most often created by victims' unwillingness to attend social events where their stalker might be present and friend's frustration because they believed the victim was not doing enough to deter their stalker.
Nearly 38% of stalking victims
reported losing time from school or work as a
result of being stalked. Some indicated that they had changed jobs or transferred to another school to escape
the always-present terror they experienced.
Most stalking victims reported that they were at a loss about what they could do to end their victimization. Most of the tactics they tried seemed to make matters worse.
Many of the victims reported living in perpetual fear that something might push their
stalker over the edge and lead him to
physically assault, sexually assault, or even murder them.
(Reference: The
Effect of Stalking on its Victims.)
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http://in.geocities.com/anindianyogi/stalking.html
Published on internet:
Revised:
Wednesday, November 29, 2006
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“Thou belongest to That Which Is Undying, and not merely
to time alone,” murmured the Sphinx, breaking its muteness at
last. “Thou art eternal, and not merely of the
vanishing flesh. The soul in man cannot be killed, cannot die. It waits, shroud-wrapped,
in thy heart, as I waited,
sand-wrapped, in thy world. Know thyself, O mortal! For there is One within thee, as in all men, that
comes and stands at the bar and bears
witness that there IS a God!”
(Reference: Brunton, Paul. (1962)
A
Search in Secret
Amen