The domes are thought to have been used for 'ramming'. The vertebrae also formed into a straighline during 'ramming' so the backbone would absorb force instead of the skull.

Pachycephlasaurus from Dakota Dinosaur Museum

Pachycephalasaur wyomingenis'thick headed lizard'
Plant eater Late Cretaceous 68-65 MYA. 15-26 feet long. It is the largest and most advanced of the pachycephalids. Has a high domed skull. Head is also narrow with bumps on the back of the head. And also had spikes on the snout. William Winkley found in Montana in 1940.
Pachycephalasaur skull
Pachycephalasaur skull





Stegoceras validum'roof horn'
two species; validus- more thickheaded and edmontense- thinner roof they are suggested as male and female.
6.5- 7 feet long closest relative Stygimoloch and Prenocephle . 67-82 MYA, teeth were used to shred plants. Lifestyles were similar to that of sheep and goats. High domed heads. Brain was about the size of a peanut. Has a curved skull, so it may not have head-butted. It is possibly that it flanked each other, or went for the back legs.


Stygimoloch spinifer'river of Hades devil'

Plant eater. 68-65 MYA late Cretaceous. It's described as a pachycephalasaurid that has large spikes on the head. Which is how it got its name. Is thought that it didn't 'ram', but that its high dome was for show. Found in the Hell Creek formation in Montana.





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