Impacts of Urban and Industrial Development on Groundwater, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia^*)

by : Soetrisno S.^**)

 

Abstract

Urban and industrial development in Bandung has changed the land usage. For nearly three decades, thousand hectares of technical irrigated paddy fields and dry crop land in the Bandung basin have been converted to the housing complexes, business districts, and industrial areas.

The land use conversion has an impacts on groundwater recharge, both its quantity and quality. In another side the urban and industrial development effected to the total of groundwater usage, since groundwater is still a mayor resources for water supply.

Abstraction of deep groundwater which is recorded to be 10.5 M m³ in 1970 has rapidly increased to 66.9 M m³ in 1995.

Continous lowering of the piezometric head of 2 - 4 m/year in the industrial center during the last five years has considerably changed the flow of groundwater system, in which vertical downward leakage occur almost in the entire of the basin.

Poor drainage and sewerage system in heavy populated area, unproper waste disposal sites and untreated indutrial waste water has led the deterioration of quality of shallow groundwater in the Bandung basin.

Efforts have been made to keep groundwater sustainable with strictly applied of spatial planning to reduce groundwater usage by increasing surface water, reallocation of industries, which mostly textile industry to the nearby of surface water resources and promoted shallow recharged wells.

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*) Paper presented at Groundwater and Land-Use Planning, Fremantle, Western Australia, 16 - 18 September 1996.

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