Rehoboam

Rehoboam in Chronicles and Kings

A Synopsis by Ralph W. Klein

2 Chronicles	1 Reigns 12:24	1 Kings
Vannutelli 132 2 Chr 9:29-31 Solomon slept with his fathers. Words of Nathan the prophet, the prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite, and the vision of Iddo the seer. Solomon reigned 40 years.	24b Jeroboam was the son of a harlot named Sareisa. Solomon made him head of the levy in Joseph, and he built Sareira for Solomon. Jeroboam had 300 chariots and built Millo. He exalted himself to the kingship. 24o Shemaiah took garment and gave ten of twelve pieces to Jeroboam. "Take ten pieces to dress yourself." [=1 Kgs 11:29-39 where Ahijah performs this act] 24c Solomon tried to kill him, and Jeroboam fled to Shishak. 24aa Solomon slept with his fathers.	Vannutelli 132 1 Kgs 11:26-28 Jeroboam, from Zeredah, whose mother's name was Zeruah, rebelled. Solomon built the Millo and closed up the gap in the wall of the city of David. Solomon put Jeroboam in charge of the forced labor of Joseph. 11:29-39 Ahijah tore his garment into twelve pieces and gave Jeroboam 10. One tribe will remain Solomon's. Solomon has worshiped other gods. Solomon spared because of David who kept my commandments. David will also have a lamp (fiefdom) before me in Jerusalem. If you, Jeroboam, listen and walk in my ways, I will build you an enduring house. 11:40-43 Solomon sought to kill Jeroboam, but he fled to King Shishak in Egypt. He remained there until the death of Solomon. Solomon slept with his fathers. Book of the Acts of Solomon. Solomon reigned 40 years. Solomon buried in city of his father David. Rehoboam succeeded him. LXX 11:43b = 12:2-3a.
Vannutelli 133 10:1-19 Rehoboam met all Israel at Shechem. Jeroboam requested that Rehoboam lighten the burden he had placed on the people. Elders advised Rehoboam to ease the burden on the people. Younger men urged him to act tougher than his father. Harsh message communicated on third day. God brought this about to fulfill word of Ahijah (only mentioned in 1 Kgs 11:26-39). What share do we have in David? All Israel departed to their tents. Rehoboam reigned over "people of Israel who were living in cities of Judah." People of Israel [who were in Northern Kingdom] stoned Hadoram, who was over forced labor. Rehoboam hurriedly mounted his chariot and fled; and Israel remains in rebellion to this day Look now to your own house, O David.	24d When Solomon died, Jeroboam asked Shishak to send him home. 24e Shishak gave him Ano as his wife; she was the older sister of Thekemeinas Shishak's wife. The oldest daughter of Shishak, she was the mother of Abijah. (cf. 1 Kgs 11:19-22 = Hadad's marriage) 24f Shishak sent Jeroboam away. Jeroboam left Egypt and went to the land of Sareira, which is in the hill country of Ephraim. Jeroboam built a fortification there. 24nb Jeroboam went to Shechem in Ephraim and gathered the tribes of Israel. Rehoboam also went up there. 24p People: Lighten the yoke and we will serve you. 24q Elders of the people advised Rehoboam to listen to the people. 24r Advice of the elders was not pleasing to him. Those who had grown up with him urged him to be tougher than his father. 24s This saying pleased Rehoboam. 24t All the people: To your tents, O Israel. This man should not be leader or ruler. 24u Rehoboam strengthened himself [same word is translated "hurriedly" in NRSV] and went to Jerusalem. All the tribe of Benjamin and the tribe of Judah followed him.	12:1-19 Similar. All Israel = Northern tribes. vv. 2-3a secondary (LXX 11:43b; 24f). Hence Jeroboam does not participate in Shechem assembly. V. 2 repeats 11:40; v 3a is reproduced in v. 20. "Jeroboam" in v. 12 secondary. v. 17 Whole verse secondary? Rehoboam over Israelites in towns of Judah. v. 18 All Israel stoned Adoram, who was over forced labor
		12:20 When all Israel heard that Jeroboam had returned from Egypt, they called him to the assembly and made him king. Only Judah [and Benjamin LXX] followed house of David.
Vannutelli 134 11:1-4 180,000 troops of Judah and Benjamin get ready to fight against north. Shemaiah addressed all Israel in Judah and Benjamin: Don’t fight against your kindred. Division comes from God (v. 4).	24x Rehoboam gathered Judah and Benjamin to fight at Shechem. 24y Shemaiah: Do not fight against your brothers. Each of you, return to his house. The schism is from Yahweh. 24z They listened to word of the Lord and did not go up.	12:21-24 similar. Shemaiah addresses all the house of Judah and Benjamin and the rest of the people.
Vannutelli 135 11:5-17 Rehoboam built defense cities in Judah. Rehoboam built Bethlehem, Etam, Tekoa, Beth-zur, Soco, Adullam, Gath, Mareshah, Ziph, Adoraim, Lachish, Azekah, Zorah, Aijalon, and Hebron. He made the fortresses and the cities strong (vv. 11-12) Levites rallied to Rehoboam in Jerusalem because Jeroboam and his sons had prevented them from serving as priests. Those who sought Yahweh came after them from all the tribes of Israel. They strengthened the kingdom of Judah and for three years they walked in the way of David and Solomon (v. 17). Vannutelli 136 11:18-23 Rehoboam married Mahalath his second cousin (her father was a son of David and her mother was a niece of David), and his second cousin Maacah, the daughter of Absalom (but see 15:16, where Maacah is the mother of Asa [his grandson] and the wife of Abijah [Rehoboam's son]) and begat children. Had 18 wives and 60 concubines and had 28 sons and 60 daughters. Abijah son of Maacah (in 2 Chr 13:2 his mother is Micaiah daughter of Uriel) designated as his heir. Rehoboam distributed sons throughout Judah and Benjamin and found many wives for them (or did he seek many wives for himself?).		12:25 Jeroboam built Shechem and Penuel.
		12:26-33 Jeroboam made two calves of gold. Here are your gods, O Israel. One in Bethel and one in Dan. Jeroboam appointed priests who were not Levites. Festival on 8-15 (Tabernacles = 7-15). Jeroboam offered incense on altar at Bethel. Vannutelli 135
		Vannutelli 137 13:1-34. Man of God from Judah predicted the rise of Josiah, who would kill priests of high places. Jeroboam’s hand withered when he stretched it out against the man of God and altar torn down. Hand of Jeroboam was restored when man of God prayed. Man of God refused gift from Jeroboam. Prophet from Bethel deceptively (an angel spoke to me) invited Man of God to dinner. Prophet put Man of God under a curse via oracle of Yahweh. Man of God killed by a lion and buried by the prophet, who asserted that Man of God’s judgment against Bethel and the cities of Samaria would come true. Jeroboam made priests for the high places from among all the people. This matter became sin to the house of Jeroboam.
	24g Jeroboam’s wife Ano inquired about her sick son. 24h-i Ano took foodstuffs for Ahijah at Shiloh [and is not disguised since Shemaiah and not Ahijah had designated her husband as king]. He is 60 years old and blind. 24k Servant invited her in. 24l Message to her: When you come to the gate of Sareira, your maidservants will say, "Your child has died." 24m Jeroboam’s people who die in the city will be eaten by dogs, those in the country by birds. They will cry, "Alas, Lord." 24na When she came to Sareira, the child died. This curse comes before Jeroboam is made king and even before Shemaiah’s royal oracle in 24o.	Vannutelli 138 14:1-20 Abijah son of Jeroboam became ill. Jeroboam sent his wife in disguise to the prophet Ahijah at Shiloh. Yahweh told Ahijah, who is blind, that Ms. Jeroboam has come. Ahijah accused Jeroboam of idolatry and announced the violent end of his dynasty and threatened exile. When Jeroboam’s wife came back to Tirzah, her son died. Vannutelli 139 vv. 19-20 Jeroboam’s acts are in Book of the Annals of the Kings of Israel. Jeroboam reigned 22 years and was succeeded by Nadab. This pericope (vv. 1-20) is not in the best mss. of the LXX.
Vannutelli 140 12:13-14 Rehoboam established himself; became king at 41 and reigned for seven years. His mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonitess. He did evil and did not seek Yahweh. (cf. LXX 12:24a; 1 Chr 10:13-14)	24ab Rehoboam 16 when he became king (hence he listened to young advisers) and ruled 12 years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Naanan, daughter of Ana, son of Naas (Nahash), king of Ammon. He did evil and did not walk in way of David his father.	14:21-22 Similar. Judah (LXX: Rehoboam) did evil in the sight of Yahweh. They provoked Yahweh to jealousy more than their ancestors had done.
		14:23-24 They built high places, pillars, and sacred poles. Male temple prostitutes (?) in land. They committed abominations of pre Israelite inhabitants of the land.
12:1 Rehoboam grew strong and he and all Israel abandoned Torah.
12:2 Shishak attacked Jerusalem in fifth year of Rehoboam because they had been unfaithful to Yahweh (cf. 1 Chr 10:13).		14:25 Shishak attacked Jerusalem.
12:3-9a Shishak had 1200 chariots and 60,000 cavalry and countless infantry. V. 4 Shishak came as far as Jerusalem (fortresses did Rehoboam no good). Shemaiah: You abandoned Yahweh and Yahweh has abandoned you to Shishak. When the officers and the king humbled themselves, God decided not to destroy them though they would become servants of Shishak. Shishak attacked Jerusalem.
12:9b-11 Shishak raided temple and palace in Jerusalem, including shields of gold (9:16) which Solomon had made; these were replaced by shields of bronze and kept in the guard room.		14:26-28 Similar.
12:12 Because Rehoboam humbled himself, wrath of Yahweh turned from him. Conditions were good in Judah. For vv. 13-14 see above.
Vannutelli 141 12:15-16 Acts of Rehoboam are written in records of prophet Shemaiah and the seer Iddo. Continual wars between Rehoboam and Jeroboam. Rehoboam buried in the city of David (Par + with his ancestors). Abijah succeeded him.		14:29-31 Acts of Rehoboam written in book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah. War between Rehoboam and Jeroboam. Rehoboam buried in city of David with his ancestors. Abijam succeeded him.
13:7-8 Aibjah's sermon: Worthless scoundrels defied Rehoboam when he was a youth and fainthearted and could not withstand them. The kingdom of the LORD is in the hands of the sons of David.

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