### Closed Caption Disassembly Documentation: Characters

The Closed Caption Character Set is divided into three classes: Standard Characters, Special Characters, and Extended Characters. There are two exceptions: "_" and "£" (note that these are different from "{_}" and "{L}"). "_" is the blank character (explained in the next paragraph), while "£" will appear in a CCD file translated from SCC if the program found an illegal character. CCASDI will refuse to convert a CCD file with "£" characters into SCC format, so you will need to go through the file and turn each instance of "£" into a valid character.

Standard Characters are written in CCD with a single character, usually the actual character to display. Because they are transmitted two at a time, there must be an even number of Standard Characters between each code. The special character "_", the blank character, must be added to the end of any odd set of Standard Characters. This character will not be displayed.

The sixteen Special Characters are actually codes, and like other codes are written between curly braces. Also like codes, Special Characters are always doubled up, with only one member of each pair being displayed. This means if you wish to display "à" twice you need four "`{à}`" codes. Half of the Special Characters are written with the display character between the braces, while the other half use abbreviations.

Sixty-four Extended Characters were added to the Closed Caption specification after it was originally incorporated into the Code of Federal Regulations. Since the CFR is free and the Extended Characters document is not, most (if not all) PC DVD players are incapable of displaying Extended Characters. This situation was taken into account when the Extended Characters were suggested. As a result, Extended Characters are treated differently than any other codes. To add an Extended Character, enter a substitute character (to display if the caption decoder does not support Extended Characters), followed by "_" if needed (since Extended Characters still count as codes), followed by the Extended Character in braces (only once). If the decoder supports Extended Characters, the substitute character will be replaced by the Extended Character. For example, if you wanted a character to say "¡OLÉ!", you'd write "`!_{!}OLE_{É}!_`".

The following table lists all of the characters in the Closed Captioning Character Set, including information on the SCC hexidecimal equivalent for Channels 1 through 4, as well as how to type the character in Windows and Word environments if this isn't obvious. The Windows shortcuts consist of holding the Alt key down while typing a code on the numeric keypad, then releasing Alt to display the character (it will not work with the number keys on the top row of the keyboard), while the Windows shortcut involves holding one or more keys down while typing other keys in sequence ("Ctrl+~,n" means to hold the Ctrl key down while typing "~", then keep the Ctrl key down while typing "n", then releasing the Ctrl key).

STANDARD CHARACTERS
CCD | Display | SCC All Channels | Unicode Name | Windows shortcut | Word shortcut
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
|  | 20 | Space |  |
! | ! | a1 | Exclamation Mark |  |
" | " | a2 | Quotation Mark |  |
# | # | 23 | Number Sign |  |
$ | $ | a4 | Dollar Sign |  |
% | % | 25 | Percent Sign |  |
& | & | 26 | Ampersand |  |
' | ' | a7 | Apostrophe |  |
( | ( | a8 | Left Parenthesis |  |
) | ) | 29 | Right Parenthesis |  |
á | á | 2a | Latin Small Letter A With Acute | Alt+0225 | Ctrl+',a
+ | + | ab | Plus Sign |  |
, | , | 2c | Comma |  |
- | - | ad | Hyphen-Minus |  |
. | . | ae | Full Stop |  |
/ | / | 2f | Solidus |  |
0 | 0 | b0 | Digit Zero |  |
1 | 1 | 31 | Digit One |  |
2 | 2 | 32 | Digit Two |  |
3 | 3 | b3 | Digit Three |  |
4 | 4 | 34 | Digit Four |  |
5 | 5 | b5 | Digit Five |  |
6 | 6 | b6 | Digit Six |  |
7 | 7 | 37 | Digit Seven |  |
8 | 8 | 38 | Digit Eight |  |
9 | 9 | b9 | Digit Nine |  |
: | : | ba | Colon |  |
; | ; | 3b | Semicolon |  |
< | < | bc | Less-Than Sign |  |
= | = | 3d | Equals Sign |  |
> | > | 3e | Greater-Than Sign |  |
? | ? | bf | Question Mark |  |
@ | @ | 40 | Commercial At |  |
A | A | c1 | Latin Capital Letter A |  |
B | B | c2 | Latin Capital Letter B |  |
C | C | 43 | Latin Capital Letter C |  |
D | D | c4 | Latin Capital Letter D |  |
E | E | 45 | Latin Capital Letter E |  |
F | F | 46 | Latin Capital Letter F |  |
G | G | c7 | Latin Capital Letter G |  |
H | H | c8 | Latin Capital Letter H |  |
I | I | 49 | Latin Capital Letter I |  |
J | J | 4a | Latin Capital Letter J |  |
K | K | cb | Latin Capital Letter K |  |
L | L | 4c | Latin Capital Letter L |  |
M | M | cd | Latin Capital Letter M |  |
N | N | ce | Latin Capital Letter N |  |
O | O | 4f | Latin Capital Letter O |  |
P | P | d0 | Latin Capital Letter P |  |
Q | Q | 51 | Latin Capital Letter Q |  |
R | R | 52 | Latin Capital Letter R |  |
S | S | d3 | Latin Capital Letter S |  |
T | T | 54 | Latin Capital Letter T |  |
U | U | d5 | Latin Capital Letter U |  |
V | V | d6 | Latin Capital Letter V |  |
W | W | 57 | Latin Capital Letter W |  |
X | X | 58 | Latin Capital Letter X |  |
Y | Y | d9 | Latin Capital Letter Y |  |
Z | Z | da | Latin Capital Letter Z |  |
[ | [ | 5b | Left Square Bracket |  |
é | é | dc | Latin Small Letter E With Acute | Alt+0233 | Ctrl+',e
] | ] | 5d | Right Square Bracket |  |
í | í | 5e | Latin Small Letter I With Acute | Alt+0237 | Ctrl+',i
ó | ó | df | Latin Small Letter O With Acute | Alt+0243 | Ctrl+',o
ú | ú | e0 | Latin Small Letter U With Acute | Alt+0250 | Ctrl+',u
a | a | 61 | Latin Small Letter A |  |
b | b | 62 | Latin Small Letter B |  |
c | c | e3 | Latin Small Letter C |  |
d | d | 64 | Latin Small Letter D |  |
e | e | e5 | Latin Small Letter E |  |
f | f | e6 | Latin Small Letter F |  |
g | g | 67 | Latin Small Letter G |  |
h | h | 68 | Latin Small Letter H |  |
i | i | e9 | Latin Small Letter I |  |
j | j | ea | Latin Small Letter J |  |
k | k | 6b | Latin Small Letter K |  |
l | l | ec | Latin Small Letter L |  |
m | m | 6d | Latin Small Letter M |  |
n | n | 6e | Latin Small Letter N |  |
o | o | ef | Latin Small Letter O |  |
p | p | 70 | Latin Small Letter P |  |
q | q | f1 | Latin Small Letter Q |  |
r | r | f2 | Latin Small Letter R |  |
s | s | 73 | Latin Small Letter S |  |
t | t | f4 | Latin Small Letter T |  |
u | u | 75 | Latin Small Letter U |  |
v | v | 76 | Latin Small Letter V |  |
w | w | f7 | Latin Small Letter W |  |
x | x | f8 | Latin Small Letter X |  |
y | y | 79 | Latin Small Letter Y |  |
z | z | 7a | Latin Small Letter Z |  |
ç | ç | fb | Latin Small Letter C With Cedilla | Alt+0231 | Ctrl+,,c
÷ | ÷ | 7c | Division Sign | Alt+0247 | Alt+0247
Ñ | Ñ | fd | Latin Capital Letter N With Tilde | Alt+0209 | Ctrl+~,N
ñ | ñ | fe | Latin Small Letter N With Tilde | Alt+0241 | Ctrl+~,n
| |  | 7f | Full Block | [none] | [none]

SPECIAL CHARACTERS
CCD | Display | SCC Channels | Unicode Name | Windows shortcut | Word shortcut
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 & 3 | 2 & 4
{reg} | ® | 91b0 | 19b0 | Registered Sign | Alt+0174 | Alt+Ctrl+R
{o} | ° | 9131 | 1931 | Degree Sign | Alt+0176 | Ctrl+@, Space
{1/2} | ½ | 9132 | 1932 | Vulgar Fraction One Half | Alt+0189 | [none]
{?} | ¿ | 91b3 | 19b3 | Inverted Question Mark | Alt+0191 | Alt+Ctrl+?
{tm} | ™ | 9134 | 1934 | Trade Mark Sign | Alt+0153 | Alt+Ctrl+T
{cent} | ¢ | 91b5 | 19b5 | Cent Sign | Alt+0162 | Ctrl+/,C
{L} | £ | 91b6 | 19b6 | Pound Sign | Alt+0163 | [none]
{note} |  | 9137 | 1937 | Eighth Note | [none] | [none]
{à} | à | 9138 | 1938 | Latin Small Letter A With Grave | Alt+0224 | Ctrl+`,a
{ } |  | 91b9 | 19b9 | Transparent Space |  |
{è} | è | 91ba | 19ba | Latin Small Letter E With Grave | Alt+0232 | Ctrl+`,e
{â} | â | 913b | 193b | Latin Small Letter A With Circumflex | Alt+0226 | Ctrl+^,a
{ê} | ê | 91bc | 19bc | Latin Small Letter E With Circumflex | Alt+0234 | Ctrl+^,e
{î} | î | 913d | 193d | Latin Small Letter I With Circumflex | Alt+0238 | Ctrl+^,i
{ô} | ô | 913e | 193e | Latin Small Letter O With Circumflex | Alt+0244 | Ctrl+^,o
{û} | û | 91bf | 19bf | Latin Small Letter U With Circumflex | Alt+0251 | Ctrl+^,u

EXTENDED CHARACTERS
CCD | Display | SCC Channels | Unicode Name | Windows shortcut | Word shortcut
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 & 3 | 2 & 4
A{Á} | Á | 9220 | 1a20 | Latin Capital Letter A With Acute | Alt+0193 | Ctrl+',A
E{É} | É | 92a1 | 1aa1 | Latin Capital Letter E With Acute | Alt+0201 | Ctrl+',E
O{Ó} | Ó | 92a2 | 1aa2 | Latin Capital Letter O With Acute | Alt+0211 | Ctrl+',O
U{Ú} | Ú | 9223 | 1a23 | Latin Capital Letter U With Acute | Alt+0218 | Ctrl+',U
U{Ü} | Ü | 92a4 | 1aa4 | Latin Capital Letter U With Diaeresis | Alt+0220 | Ctrl+:,U
u{ü} | ü | 9225 | 1a25 | Latin Small Letter U With Diaeresis | Alt+0252 | Ctrl+:,u
'{lsq} | ‘ | 9226 | 1a26 | Left Single Quotation Mark | Alt+0145 | Ctrl+`,`
!{!} | ¡ | 92a7 | 1aa7 | Inverted Exclamation Mark | Alt+0161 | Alt+Ctrl+!
#{*} | * | 92a8 | 1aa8 | Asterisk |  |
'{rsq} | ’ | 9229 | 1a29 | Right Single Quotation Mark | Alt+0146 | Ctrl+','
-{-} | — | 922a | 1a2a | Em Dash [Word shortcut must use numeric keypad minus] | Alt+0151 | Alt+Ctrl+-
c{C} | © | 92ab | 1aab | Copyright Sign | Alt+0169 | Alt+Ctrl+C
s{sm} |  | 922c | 1a2c | Service Mark Symbol [not accessible in Windows] | [none] | [none]
.{.} | • | 92ad | 1a2d | Middle Dot | Alt+0183 | [none]
"{ldq} | “ | 92ae | 1aae | Left Double Quotation Mark | Alt+0147 | Ctrl+`,"
"{rdq} | ” | 922f | 1a2f | Right Double Quotation Mark | Alt+0148 | Ctrl+',"
A{À} | À | 92b0 | 1ab0 | Latin Capital Letter A With Grave | Alt+0192 | Ctrl+`,A
A{Â} | Â | 9231 | 1a31 | Latin Capital Letter A With Circumflex | Alt+0194 | Ctrl+^,A
C{Ç} | Ç | 9232 | 1a32 | Latin Capital Letter C With Cedilla | Alt+0199 | Ctrl+,,C
E{È} | È | 92b3 | 1ab3 | Latin Capital Letter E With Grave | Alt+0200 | Ctrl+`,E
E{Ê} | Ê | 9234 | 1a34 | Latin Capital Letter E With Circumflex | Alt+0202 | Ctrl+^,E
E{Ë} | Ë | 92b5 | 1ab5 | Latin Capital Letter E With Diaeresis | Alt+0203 | Ctrl+:,E
e{ë} | ë | 92b6 | 1ab6 | Latin Small Letter E With Diaeresis | Alt+0235 | Ctrl+:,e
I{Î} | Î | 9237 | 1a37 | Latin Capital Letter I With Circumflex | Alt+0206 | Ctrl+^,I
I{Ï} | Ï | 9238 | 1a38 | Latin Capital Letter I With Diaeresis | Alt+0207 | Ctrl+:,I
i{ï} | ï | 92b9 | 1ab9 | Latin Small Letter I With Diaeresis | Alt+0239 | Ctrl+:,i
O{Ô} | Ô | 92ba | 1aba | Latin Capital Letter O With Circumflex | Alt+0212 | Ctrl+^,O
U{Ù} | Ù | 923b | 1a3b | Latin Capital Letter U With Grave | Alt+0217 | Ctrl+`,U
u{ù} | ù | 92bc | 1abc | Latin Small Letter U With Grave | Alt+0249 | Ctrl+`,u
U{Û} | Û | 923d | 1a3d | Latin Capital Letter U With Circumflex | Alt+0219 | Ctrl+^,U
"{<<} | « | 923e | 1a3e | Left-Pointing Double Angle Quotation Mark | Alt+0171 | Ctrl+`,<
"{>>} | » | 92bf | 1abf | Right-Pointing Double Angle Quotation Mark | Alt+0187 | Ctrl+`,>
A{Ã} | Ã | 1320 | 9b20 | Latin Capital Letter A With Tilde | Alt+0195 | Ctrl+~,A
a{ã} | ã | 13a1 | 9ba1 | Latin Small Letter A With Tilde | Alt+0227 | Ctrl+~,a
I{Í} | Í | 13a2 | 9ba2 | Latin Capital Letter I With Acute | Alt+0205 | Ctrl+',I
I{Ì} | Ì | 1323 | 9b23 | Latin Capital Letter I With Grave | Alt+0204 | Ctrl+`,I
i{ì} | ì | 13a4 | 9ba4 | Latin Small Letter I With Grave | Alt+0236 | Ctrl+`,i
O{Ò} | Ò | 1325 | 9b25 | Latin Capital Letter O With Grave | Alt+0210 | Ctrl+`,O
o{ò} | ò | 1326 | 9b26 | Latin Small Letter O With Grave | Alt+0242 | Ctrl+`,o
O{Õ} | Õ | 13a7 | 9ba7 | Latin Capital Letter O With Tilde | Alt+0213 | Ctrl+~,O
o{õ} | õ | 13a8 | 9ba8 | Latin Small Letter O With Tilde | Alt+0245 | Ctrl+~,o
[{lb} | { | 1329 | 9b29 | Left Curly Bracket |  |
]{rb} | } | 132a | 9b2a | Right Curly Bracket |  |
/{\} | \ | 13ab | 9bab | Reverse Solidus |  |
/{^} | ^ | 132c | 9b2c | Circumflex Accent |  |
-{_} | _ | 13ad | 9bad | Low Line |  |
-{|} | ¦ | 13ae | 9bae | Broken Bar |  |
-{~} | ~ | 132f | 9b2f | Tilde |  |
A{Ä} | Ä | 13b0 | 9bb0 | Latin Capital Letter A With Diaeresis | Alt+0196 | Ctrl+:,A
a{ä} | ä | 1331 | 9b31 | Latin Small Letter A With Diaeresis | Alt+0228 | Ctrl+:,a
O{Ö} | Ö | 1332 | 9b32 | Latin Capital Letter O With Diaeresis | Alt+0214 | Ctrl+:,O
o{ö} | ö | 13b3 | 9bb3 | Latin Small Letter O With Diaeresis | Alt+0246 | Ctrl+:,o
s{ß} | ß | 1334 | 9b34 | Latin Small Letter Sharp S | Alt+0196 | Ctrl+&,s
Y{yen} | ¥ | 13b5 | 9bb5 | Yen Sign | Alt+0165 | [none]
C{x} | ¤ | 13b6 | 9bb6 | Currency Sign | Alt+0164 | [none]
/{bar} | | | 1337 | 9b37 | Vertical Bar |  |
A{Å} | Å | 1338 | 9b38 | Latin Capital Letter A With Ring Above | Alt+0197 | Ctrl+@,A
a{å} | å | 13b9 | 9bb9 | Latin Small Letter A With Ring Above | Alt+0229 | Ctrl+@,a
O{Ø} | Ø | 13ba | 9bba | Latin Capital Letter O With Stroke | Alt+0216 | Ctrl+/,O
o{ø} | ø | 133b | 9b3b | Latin Small Letter O With Stroke | Alt+0248 | Ctrl+/,o
+{ul} |  | 13bc | 9bbc | Box Drawings Light Down and Right | [none] | [none]
+{ur} |  | 133d | 9b3d | Box Drawings Light Down and Left | [none] | [none]
+{ll} |  | 133e | 9b3e | Box Drawings Light Up and Right | [none] | [none]
+{lr} |  | 13bf | 9bbf | Box Drawings Light Up and Left | [none] | [none]

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