Principles of Learning

Teachers, instructions, attracting attention, system, trends


Domain

Explanation

4 qualities of teaching specialists

  • Deep concern about subject matter, content & presentation
  • Deep concern about students
  • Deep love for teaching
  • Consistent & methodological usage of the following ten principles of instructions

10 principles of instructions

  1. Meaningfulness: link the lessons with students' own experiences
  2. Prerequisites: assess students' abilities & knowledge to prepare them for contents & cater the contents to students
  3. Open communications: allow essential fundamental understanding of contents for students to pay attention
  4. Selection & organisation of essential contents: enable effective learning & recalling
  5. Teaching tools: facilitate faster, more effective learning through tools, equipment & facilities
  6. Curiosity: flexible transformation of teaching to stimulate, motivate & attract attention
  7. Demonstration: demonstrate sequentially the stages of memory à thoughtfulness à practice à solution process of problems
  8. Active learning: allow students to adopt their own stages of problem-solving
  9. Friendly atmosphere & effects: students feel comfortable about contents; students, who feel satisfied, would continue to learn & apply what's been learnt
  10. Consistency: between objectives, tests, practice, contents & teaching would allow students to learn the necessary contents & apply accordingly

17 techniques of attracting attention

  1. Link up the contents with what the students are most interested in
  2. Begin topic with a practical & realistic problem
  3. Apply on a role within a real-life situation
  4. Point out or suggest possibilities, applications & advantages
  5. Use meaningful connections
  6. Meaningful summary & conclusions
  7. Point up connections: when & where particular contents are used
  8. Explain successful examples
  9. Highlight problems that can arise
  10. Engage in activities that emphasize the need of learning the contents
  11. Bring out issues & problems that show the contents are necessary
  12. Bring out problem issues & obstacles
  13. Ask students which concepts are correct
  14. Present problems that have not been solved
  15. Compare & contrast students' own concepts with actual concepts & activities
  16. Ask students why certain topic is important
  17. Bring out an example & ask students what connections the problem has with what they are learning

13 steps for education system

  1. Electronic communications
  2. Computer-literate & savvy
  3. Parental education improvement
  4. Childhood health-care
  5. Child development
  6. Catch up at any stage
  7. Cater to learning style
  8. Learning to unlearn, think & learn
  9. School teachings
  10. 4-level learning: self-esteem & personal development; lifeskills training; learning; building specific academic, physical & artistic abilities
  11. 3 study purposes: specific subject knowledge, general conceptual skills & personal skills & attitudes that can be easily used in everything we do
  12. Areas to teach
  13. Open mind, clear communication

15 major trends

  1. Age of instant communications
  2. World without economic barriers
  3. One-world economy
  4. New service society
  5. From big to small
  6. New age of leisure
  7. Changing shape of work
  8. Women in leadership
  9. Decade of the brain
  10. Cultural nationalism
  11. Growing underclass
  12. Active aging population
  13. New do-it-yourself (DIY) boom
  14. Cooperative enterprise
  15. Individualism

Excerpts from "Powerful principles of instruction" by Stephen L. Yelon, 2000

"The Learning Revolution" by Gordon Dryden & Jeannette Vos, 1997

Not only is there an art in knowing a thing, but also an art in teaching it - Cicero

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