Due to the number of posts, another issue will be sent shortly. Please e-mail address changes, unsubscribe requests, or submissions to me. To subscribe to the "real-time" version of the list send an email to uit_mailing_list-subscribe@yahoogroups.com In this issue: Benefits of using a palm rest Starting new shooters Re: Starting new shooters Re: Starting new shooters Iris and apreature ring width sizing USA Shooting Regionals miss the mark Training without jacket/pants Re: Training without jacket/pants Re: Training without jacket/pants Re: Training without jacket/pants Re: Training without jacket/pants Re: Training without jacket/pants Re: Training without jacket/pants Conscious, Subconscious or Unconscious? ******************************************************************** : Besides raising the rifle what other benefits are there to using a palmrest? None I can think of. : If a junior shooter has a problem with the front muzzle weight of an Anschutz 1907 in standing and tilts his upper torso to the right to try to compensate for the weight, will a palm rest help in balancing out this weight problem? If so, how does it do this? Everyone needs to balance out the weight of the rifle. If you don't lean some then the CG will not be near the middle of your support base. Now if you mean he bends a LOT, it will help straighten him up but the weight will be the same (actually a tad more since you'll also have the weight of the rest). : Can a palmrest be used by women on a "sport rifle" in Olympic 50 meter competition? Yes, as long as the gun with the rest is less than 6.5kg. : What things can be done to help the junior shooters cope with the heavier barrel weight on match rifles (standing position)? Are you sure the lean back is because it's too heavy (small, light junior) or because he/she can't get the rifle up to the bull (short arms)? To move the CG back, you can decrease length of pull unless it adversely affects the trigger hand position, which brings the whole gun back closer to them, or add weight to the back of the rifle, which increases overall weight but it won't feel so bad. I could move the CG of my 2002 back 2" by weighting the back end and removing the front weights. Oh, another thing that may help a great deal is adding hooks to the 1907. I bet they would think the gun feels lighter. I have a really small girl on my team (5', 95 pounds if that) who swears the 1912 is lighter than the 2001 she uses. Buy a hook and try it or try to borrow a 1912 and see if that helps. Michael Ray ******************************************************************** I am looking for ideas as to how I SHOULD be training my new shooters. I'll tell you briefly what I've been doing recently. Please keep in mind that our program is geared solely to competition - we are a collegiate rifle team and a Div III one at that so we really have to work to keep up with the scholarship shooters. I have a max of 9 hours a week for 20 weeks a year for 4 years to turn them into a performer. Really only 2 years I guess since if they aren't doing well by then end of the sophomore season, I likely won't keep them around. Just so people don't think I'm some ogre who axes kid's if they don't shoot score X by time Y, let me say I take other things into account as well. Dedication, attitude, team spirit, GPA, and progress during the year are all things that I consider. I start the new kids in air rifle and they shoot that for the first couple months. No scopes, shooting groups on black paper often with minimal shooting apparel. If they cannot master the standing position they will not be much use to our team. Then we do smallbore standing for a day or two after quarter break/Thanksgiving to get the feel of the smallbore again (they shot groups from a rest in tryouts), then focus on prone for a few weeks until Christmas break and then work mostly on kneeling then remainder of the season. That seems to have worked fairly well the last 2 years. How do you start out your newbies (for serious competition in the near future)? Please keep in mind that my questions are geared toward my special situation. A related question - how do you get your kids to LISTEN? If I see them doing something non-productive, I'll start asking them questions about their performance or why they are doing things the way they are. You finally steer them where you want them and they change the behavior. Then 20 minutes later you see them doing it again. Seems like a never ending battle sometimes. They know it's wrong, they agree it's wrong but they continue to do it anyway. Do you just keep after them constantly or keep a 2x4 handy or give up and let them learn the hard way? ******************************************************************** Coach, Although a 2X4 can be handy, do they ever use a shooting diary?? I sware by mine, although i do think if i read it more often that my scores would improve. If so, this diary is not JUST for how thigs are adjusted, its about how you think and feel in and around shooting. I once heard that Marsh Besily (excuse the spelling) coach for WVU has 40 some volumes for her diary!!!! If the shooter KNOWS what he or she is doing wrong they write down the right way and READ the diary before they shoot. I will leave my diary open while I'm shooting so i can read it. hope this helps -Ross PS: "people will not remember 90% of what you said after 10 min" ******************************************************************** > They know it's wrong, they agree it's wrong but they > continue to do it anyway. Do you just keep after them constantly or keep a > 2x4 handy or give up and let them learn the hard way? Try pairing them up for training purposes, so that they can occasionally spend time watching each other? While the watchers won't have your experience, you can direct them to watch for specific things (say blinking as the shot fires, or snatching at the trigger) over the next firing detail. It's obviously not hugely productive having 50% of the training squad watching the other half (unless you're restricted in the number of firing points you have) but you can do this for short periods, and for specific training exercises. This can be expanded into two or more pairs forming "study groups", so that you can add a little bit of healthy (as opposed to unhealthy) competition between groups. Of course, this follows from Ross Mason's sound advice on the subject of Training Diaries. (Note - like many things, I find the diary to be a wonderful slave, but a lousy master) Of course, how you decide the pairs/groups is a bundle of fun. Let alone trying to cope when two people just don't get on, have an unhealthy rivalry, etc. Hey, you're the coach :-) :-) :-) Martin Sinclair ******************************************************************** [Editor - An interesting post from another forum I thought I would share here. I'm particularly interested in why he suggests using a thick aperature ring width. Ken is formally of the USAMU.] The rear iris size will change minimally with given lighting conditions. The rear iris is used mostly to determine focal length. If you're shooting a rifle and have a variable iris, I've found the following numbers to yield the best accuracy. These numbers should change only minimally given different ambient lighting conditions. The results of a relationship of too small an iris to the lighting conditins appear to affect accuracy minimally. However, should the iris be to large, at first the shooter will be able to call his/her shots well. Shortly however, because of too much light entering the eye, the image will "burn" into the retina. As a result, the shooter will perceive a centered shot. In fact, the actual sight picture may not be centered. To determine correct iris size (given an adjustable iris), have the shooter look through the sights. Have a helper close the iris as small as it will go. Open the iris until the shooter perceives a good, black, sharp sight picture. Record this number. Next, have the helper open the iris all the way. Now decrease the size of the iris until again a good, black, sharp sight picture is seen. Record this number. The average of the two is aproximately where you want to be... however, the shooter should err on the smaller size. The final test is to have the athlete shoot some shots to determine if called shots result for the entire string. If not, go smaller. My numbers are as follows. Standard 22 length barrel= 1.1mm. I've used as big as a 1.35mm for long barrel with an extention tube. Standard air rifle= 1.05. Orthodox number is 1.2mm and is normally a good starting point. As for front sight, it seems always better to err on the largest ring size (that is the difference between OD and ID of the ring) than to go for a narrow ring size. Inner hole is normally dictated by lighting on the target. Low light= larger hole, bright light= smaller hole. I have no evidence for post sights, though I would guess the same concept holds true as well. Ken Johnson ******************************************************************** [Editor - another good article I thought should be shared here since most of this list's members live in the US and should be members of USA Shooting.] Back in January of this year, when I read in Quickshots that USAS was seeking host clubs for a new Regional Championship Program, I was absolutely thrilled. What a terrific idea! Having participated in the NRA's Regionals (competitor, coach of juniors and match director) for years, I saw this as a big step toward USAS's support of grass-roots level competition. As an athlete I looked forward to competing in a USAS match that was a step up from a PTO and as a coach I saw this as a tool for preparing my juniors for participation in the National Championships. Though I am a frequent match sponsor, my immediate thought was that a match of this import should be held at a range that could accomodate the greatest number of athletes. (There is only one match per region sanctioned per event in a given year. With only five regions designated, an average of 9 states is included. For my region, the Northeast, it includes CT, DC, DE, IN, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT and WV). I got on the phone to David Lyman, owner of the Blue Trail Range in CT, and implored him to apply. "David, this is great! And, I'll bring a dozen shooters from my club alone!" He agreed. Imagine my disappointment when I discovered the events that would not be allowed in this Regional Championship Program. It seems that the USAS Regional Championships is designed to parallel the Olympics. It does not include events appearing in the World Championships or even those events recognized by USAS in their own National Championships. What does this mean? Well, for one thing, that many of the Women's events are absent. "Surely," I thought, "this is a mistake. They couldn't possibly mean that women were not allowed to compete." Wrong. Okay, here I admit my personal agenda. I am a belly shooter. My mommy schedule, work schedule and coaching schedule does not allow me to practice often enough to have a fulfilling experience shooting 3-P. I was looking forward to shooting prone. BUT, according to USAS, not only is there no event for Women's Prone in their Regional Championship Program, women are not allowed to even shoot the Men's Prone. But this is only the tip of the iceberg. There is no Women's Running Target (though USAS carries women on the National Team and has a Women's National Championships and National Junior Olympic Championship), and there are also several pistol events that are conspicuously absent. And, remember, women can't shoot the Men's events even for score. I called USAS to discuss what I perceive to be a lapse in judgement. I was told that if they make an exception for including women in prone it would "open the doors" for the other disciplines. I agree. Let's open some doors! I mean, what will it really cost USAS? A few more medals, yes, but what do they gain? First, by only supporting the Olympic events, they are failing to recognize the validity and provide competition for World Championship events. Second, they are turning away a number of potential entries (half of my junior program is girls). One of the strengths of the NRA's Regional system is that it is designed as a feeder to the Nationals. There are a lot of competitors out there who will never have the time or funding to travel to the National Championships. A Regional gives these competitors a "BIG MATCH" to look forward to each year-- an opportunity to compete against more folks than their locally sponsored events can usually attract. In addition, the 'waiver' program which recognizes class winners and provides them with a $50. waiver toward match fees at the National Championships is sometimes a big enough incentive to lure a shooter to the Nationals for the first time. Bottom line: the NRA Regionals support participation in the shooting sports. USAS's National Championships is not overbooked. There are always empty firing points. Encouraging future participants by providing a Regional in National Championship events could only serve to increase interest (thus CUTTING costs for future championships because the cost would be spread over a greater number of entry fees). Incorporating events that are shot at the World Championships could only serve to increase the experience level of future US athletes. Following all the articles on Project Rapid Fire I was impressed at the level of commitment USAS was showing in their development of athletes and support of a shooting discipline in need of more participation. It is hard to believe that the same leadership that could dream up such a unique way of revitalizing the sport could simultaneously drop the ball regarding the Regional Championship Program. I have already made my lone voice heard at USAS. Michele [Editor - Count me in as well! I am certainly for more frequent "bigger" matches, but I think they went overboard on their divisions. There's no way I would consider flying to CT for a match that wasn't the Nationals (I live in IN). As for the NRA Regionals mentioned, there are 5 prone and 2 3P regionals currently listed within an 8 hour drive. I'm not sure how many there will end up being, but it is far more reasonable than trekking a third of the way across the country to one. It's a grave mistake IMHO that they don't allow all ISSF events at these matches. Like these events have too many matches already??? And USAS' concern that it may "open the doors" for the other disciplines. Duh! Hello??? Like we have too many people shooting now?! Like they couldn't use the extra income it would generate? I understand they want to concentrate on winning Olympic medals, but doesn't more people and money seem like it would give us the best chance? Of course, we all think we can do a better job than the last guy and there may be perfectly valid reasons for doing it in this manner, but it would sure be nice to know how they really expect this to grow the sport. Granted, it is their first try at this, and I'm confident changes will be made in future years.] ******************************************************************** Regarding training without jacket/pants to gain inner position skills.... Is not your inner position balance a different reality being without the support of hard canvas. I am a young and not so big girl (1.6 meters high)and shoot a Ans 1912. Without jacket, my outer and inner position change to wider foot stand to counter the rifle weight. Jacket helps to protect from lower spinal distress. If I try to practice without jacket, I feel spinal distress and I feel that I am training with different inner and outer position balance. I feel that practicing without jacket/pants is training me to shoot diffrently. How can what you say be of value in the real world. How would you make it right in your mind when training with and without jacket. Responde sil vous plait. Lilly Straub [Editor - Yes, it is quite likely to feel different, especially if you've never done it that way before. That is the whole point of doing it though because you've come to rely on your clothes to make the position for you. It sounds like you are doing just that since you must change your position. The rifle did not get heavier. One thing to note though is you WILL be pointing lower than normal, so if you keep your target at the same height, you will have to bend back farther to get it up there again! In your case, it may be that you should train with your jacket on but perhaps not button it all the way. It's my feeling that those with short arms who must rest their arm against the ribcage rather than on the hipbone should perhaps wear the jacket simply because you will be having to hold your arm up otherwise since the weight alone will not keep it in place. This is what I have personally found at least. I need the rubber of the jacket to keep things from sliding. I only button my top 2 buttons. It sounds like you may be bending back a fair amount if you get that much lower back support from the jacket. There has been a lot of discussion recently about the potential for hip/back damage originating from positions with wide foot positions and/or deep back bends. I obviously cannot offer much advice without seeing what you really look like, but you may want to add some weight near the butt so the rifle doesn't seem so heavy to you and you can have a more upright position (if this indeed is an issue).] ******************************************************************** Hi Lilly, Michael Ray made some excellent comments, so I will not repeat those. I have some additional thoughts on the subject that I hope will help you understand why I suggest shooting without the stiff clothes sometimes. A number of coaches and athletes feel that some athletes depend too much upon their jacket and/or pants as an integral part of their position and that they do not develop inner position skills. (Sometimes these two are related, other times not.) The whole idea here is to remove the added stiffness and enhance the athlete's ability to develop their own "feel" for inner position. That is, to develop an awareness of slight changes in feel inside their body as they hold the gun. ...slight changes in balance and/or in muscle tension. The stiff clothes make it more difficult to develop this inner awareness. (We actually start inner position work without the gun as well.) Once this awareness is developed (over time), the athlete is able to make use of the additional skill in "sensing" subtle changes and differences that have an effect on one's hold and natural point of aim. What about the position wihtout the stiff clothes? If one builds a standing position that is physiologically sound, it will not change too much when the clothes are added. True, it may change some as Michael mentioned. If it changes a lot, then there is the question of how the external position was built. Do not depend upon the coat and pants as an adjunct to your bone structure! Having said that, it still leaves part of your question unanswered. How can training without the clothes (thus with a "different" position and certainly a different feel) possibly help one to shoot better with the clothes? I suspect that you may already see the answer above. We do it as a learning exercise to enhance inner position awareness... to enhance the athlete's awareness and use of inner position concepts. "But the position is different!" Yes, it is. It doesn't matter... you aren't trying to practice a position and you won't "break things" in your shooting by doing different things if they add skills to your toolkit. We have seen that as athletes develop the inner position concepts and make use of them that their performance is enhanced. If an athlete's training is nothing more than wearing the heavy clothes and shooting... their progress is usually much slower than an athlete that performs a variety of shooting and non-shooting drills and exercises. For example, you do not have to shoot in your exact position over and over to develop excellent balance: A middle aged club level athlete, who never shoots standing rifle, once picked up an air rifle and had perfect balance and the gun actually stopped on the target... all with no stiff clothes. How is this possible? They had ice skated 2 hours a week for 8 months (developing lower body strength and excellent balance) and utilized the concepts of a natural, relaxed, inner position. Athletes will often use a balance board and/or do other balance training exercises. These also aid in the awareness of inner position. Since I am not familiar with your particular body's physiology nor your position, I cannot make comments about those topics which are specific to your situation. However, I share Michael's concern about your lower spine pain. I also share his suspicion that your position might involve too much twist and especially too much bend. The stiff clothes, while they may "prevent" the lower back pain now, will not permanently protect you from the problem. I know an athlete who depended on the coat and pants for this and a few years later had to build a completely new standing position because the clothes no longer "protected" them from the pain... the back had deteriorated under the stress of the position even though no pain was evident at first. Even with the coat and no percieved pain... you could be harming yourself. Please look carefully at your external position, eliminate any significant or extreme back bend (consistent with your individual physiology) and also do exercises to strengthen the lower back and the offsetting muscles at the front of your body. (I'm told that crunches are good as a part of this training. Consult someone who is qualified to advise on matters of physical training.) You may also wish to do other exercises to strengthen the upper body. About two years ago, I began to work with a young female shooter who I think is about 4 cm shorter than you. She had extreme back bend, significant twist, and... lower back pain. The first thing I did was help her develop a much more upright standing position. In spite of her small size, she discovered that she could handle even her heavy 2012 smallbore rifle quite well. She was also surprised at how quickly she was able to compete with the new position - it was actually more stable than her old, yet "familiar" position. Hopefully you've gained a better understanding of the "unusual" training drill that I suggested. If you have additional questions or if I've not addressed part of your concerns, please let me know. Remember... we aren't trying to train to the position in this drill. That's the key. Instead, we are building skills that will enhance our ability to train with and use the position. Good luck with your shooting and have fun! "Feel Center!" -JP O'Connor ******************************************************************** Hi Lilly and all others on the list. The standing position in best shot with the rifle pointed out the left side or about 6 inches away from the shoulder. The excessive back bend and pain to the spine is caused by pointing the rifle directly out the front of the position or 90 degrees from the shoulder line. When the rifle is pointed out from the left shoulder we are in fact using the shoulders to bend back and forth to achieve alignment. This will relieve the spine of many of the not so normal bending and while stretching in position. Chet Skinner, Coach ******************************************************************** I've found this topic very interesting, just to seek a little clarification, could the same strategy be used to train in the prone position, if so would you dispense with all the kit, or keep the sling and/or glove ? Rob [Editor - My opinion is it would be too difficult to do in the sling positions. Kneeling could be done without pants and with just the top button done on the jacket, but I don't think there's much problem with the clothes dictating the prone position. You will not gain any worth from having to hold the rifle up without the aid of a sling. However, the other training exercises we've mentioned like shooting groups on black paper (so you can't see the groups - darken the range if needed) can and should be done in each position so you eliminate visual feedback and work on just the feel of the position.] ******************************************************************** Yes, the sling positions are more problematic from this "no stiff clothes" point of view. I think the key is to build the kinesthetic awareness. This can be done in offhand and then applied to the others. We are not practicing the position... we are learning a physical awareness skill. What we pay attention to, and to what degree, and when, is very important. Personally, I'm not sure that I'm capable of handling prone without the jacket. Although kneeling without the pants would be instructive as well, I sure wouldn't want to be without my boot! I think your response is a good one. One of the issues with the sling positions is an apparent "pulse beat" or "loose hold" that happens some times and not others... assuming one has the sling in the right position and pulse beat should be at a minimum. It is most often not pulse related. It is usually an NPA that is *slightly* low... the bicep is given a tiny bit of tension and the athlete is not aware of this. Big problem. Although we may never actually feel this (with all the weight, tension, and tightness from the coat and sling), we need to be aware of the effect, its cause, and its solution. Thanks, JP ******************************************************************** in a conversation at a local shoot this last weekend one person was talking about the way they train sometimes (they are a prone onyl shooter) this included removing the rear sight and shooting at a single diagram on a blank card (if you get me) they explained how if they where shooting well the shots would hit the black and if not they wouldn't i hope that all makes sence and yes i can't spell has anyone else tried this method?? i'm plannign on trying it as soon as i get ahead on my summer competition cards Michelle [Editor - Yes, that is the proper method for adjusting the cheekpiece as well. If you rest your head in exactly the same position each time, you'll have a tight group near the middle of the target. Otherwise, it can look pretty bad! Thanks for bringing that up. I've only used that to adjust cheekpieces, not as a drill for burning in the feel of the position.] ******************************************************************** At our club shoot last night I took off my back sight and fired a few groups to check my cheekpiece position because I had been losing a few shots. The group was left so I shifted my cheekpiece across until it centred and put my sights back on and my next shoot showed an improvement. This method is part of the position rebuilding posted here recently which I have tried with a great improvement in my shooting. Gerald. ******************************************************************** WHICH IS IT: THE CONSCIOUS, SUBCONSCIOUS OR UNCONSCIOUS MENTAL ENTITIES? The differences of operation and speed for the mind were researched many (1830 or so) years ago. At least three researchers determined the mind operated on a two-step mental timing sequences. This was the conscious and subconscious mental sequence for many years while being also published in the textbook of that age. (Freud [effective domain], Bergson [reprehensive domain], and Coue' [active domain]), the three foregoing functional domains, are mutually complementary, agree by indicating that within the general psyche there exist a deep internal strata (unconscious). Far from being inferior in value to superficial strata, the deeper unconscious stratum frequently yields results, which could never be achieved from the surface of consciousness. It is essential that the readers and writers of these topics should come to a definitive understanding in regard to the use of these words. Berheim, in a published work (Automatisme et suggestion, Alcan, Paris 1917) is frequently the victim of confusion in terms. He identifies the "subconscious" with a vague "consciousness"; whereas he regards the "unconscious" with a priory "non-psychological", and identifies it with "automatism." The consequence is that the phenomena of suggestion, not being automatic, is simply "conscious," and by the very definition cannot be held as unconscious. What all of this says is the conscious and subconscious are functionally closely related while unconsciousness is not. When we wish to act on the physical world we must seek to know the laws, or rules, which regulate its mechanism, we must endeavor to elucidate the unending sequences of cause and effect. We are compelled to fully understand, consciously grasp, the nexus at work. After a great amount of additional research the same three researchers and others realized that the mind actually operated on a three-step sequence. The new understanding is conscious, subconscious, and unconscious. The big difference is that the first two are aware of the physical being or existence and the last one is completely without awareness of existence. The major difference in timing is that the first two operate at a very slow speed and the unconscious works at warp speed. And this is the major reason why those who work with the conscious and subconscious will not see or note the function that occurs internal of the unconscious. So for those shooting athletes that train and compete in the conscious and subconscious will always be a day late and dollar short with the shooting technique. One of the main reasons is the appearance of the Quiet Zone or QZ~. The QZ~ operates in the unconscious level and therefore the conscious very seldom notes its passing but if you look at the probability chart you note that the QZ~ function always occurs with 1 second or less timing. While the condition called "hold" occurs after the one-second period and therewith missing the 100% probability of achieving the perfect bull's-eye (PBE). By looking at the probability chart you will notice that all functions implemented after the one second will miss 70% to 25% at 2 seconds and 0% at 4.5 seconds. Many shooting athletes have experienced this and commented on such an occurrence without really understanding why it happens. So they continue to shoot and champion the use of the conscious and subconscious mental level for practice and competitions. You cannot really blame them as the text books caught the conscious and subconscious level but when the third level came forward, many books by this time had been printed and even today many will be trained using the term of subconscious without full understanding of what they really want is the third stage of unconscious. What is the real difference besides timing.? The conscious and subconscious operate in the conscious (awareness) mode, which is based upon receipt of the external world informational data of the 5 senses while the unconscious is not connected to the 5 senses. The unconscious derives its data from permanent memory and the prioritized data placed in quay from the conscious element for analysis and comparisons. Mental practice, therefore, must not be viewed upon as a chapter of medicine, any more than suggestion must be regarded as a special case of will. The two belongs to distinct categories. Mental practice is not properly speaking a therapeutic method. With the work accomplished to date it passes from the medicinal to the pedagogical domain. Mental practice is not so much consisting of a descriptive science as of an educational or reeducation of our mental aptitudes and habits which human beings have been tending more and more to lose. The work of modern science is a great achievement, but it is incomplete. For its completion a certain change is necessary both in out look and method. As the philosopher Spir has well put it, "We are masters of nature externally alone, inwardly we are natures slaves." Investigating all that surrounds us, we have forgotten our own personality, 'and now or never is the moment when we must put into practice the maxim of Thales, "Know thyself." The doctrines of mental practice, in conjunction with other doctrines of psychology, enable us to make a major advance in this knowledge. It is not hard to understand as you have been implementing it all your life. Set down and get comfortable. close the eyes. See a pictorial representation of the shooting position as you construct it. Then look at all the various elements that make up the position such as arms and legs. Test this position for balance. Check for NPA and then look to the elbows and the placement of the face not he cheek piece. Any of the components you feel is not quite right then ask the unconscious what is wrong and what it takes to correct it according to your understanding of what a shooting position looks and feels like. The unconscious will answer with either affirmative or negative feeling and through emotions. If it is OK you will feel good but if something is wrong look for the negative feeling on the subjects point. This sixth sense is generated through the use of the kinesthetic sensors and data from memory. The results are compared with that information you hold as the perfect shooting position and technique. Not what you think is you, but that which is the model of the perfect position and technique held in your memory cells. Why is this so. The unconscious mind works automatically and it derives its model patterns and command instruction from permanent memory being used by the unconscious mental entity to form the necessary movement or non-movement instructions necessary to the neuromuscular system. This is nothing new as it is the normal mental functioning that you have experienced from birth. The QZ~ effect is also the same balance reset function you have experienced from birth. So your student wants to learn the 2X2=18. All that is needed is the student to view it in the pictorial representation and then analyze it for correctness and see the 18 change to a 4 and then place it into memory. After that the student needs to view the whole pictorial representation and the data will appear for the student. Instant knowledge thru photograph memory. But in fact it has been there all the time. The unconscious needs a refresh and analysis with acceptance period to move the data to permanent memory. This takes the cognitive entity about 6 hours of mental background analysis and acceptance. If this is not done the memory will dump the information and it will be lost forever. Many of my students have learned that schoolwork need not be hard to accomplish. So by teaching shooting sport you are in fact improving the mental process and loading new knowledge into the student at a much faster pace while realizing greater retention for each student. It is a two way street for the teacher and the student. So through mental practice you will analyze the shooting technique including position and make the requisite adjustments prior to refilling into the percent memory files. This file will be used for automatic functioning so make sure they are correct and follow a solid mental checklist using full logic sequences... Chet Skinner, Coach ******************************************************************** End of UIT Mailing List #22 Michael Ray - DBA & Systems Engineer Rose-Hulman Inst. of Tech. Rifle Coach UIT Shooting Page - http://www.geocities.com/Colosseum/1190/index.htm