SISTEMA DE ENSINO POR UNIDADES CAPITALIZÁVEIS (SECUNDÁRIO)

SISTEMA DE ENSINO POR UNIDADES CAPITALIZÁVEIS (SECUNDÁRIO)

Prova Escrita de Inglês (Continuação) Unidade 08

Read the text carefully and solve the exercises:

Genetics

From the moment that each living thing - plant or animal - comes into being its characteristics are strictly determined. Its shape, size, ‘colour, intelligence are all the result of a set of instructions contained in every cell of its body. These instructions are in the form of a ‘code’, its genes, passed on from parent to offspring. The genes themselves are arranged on a long chain in a complex chemical known as deoxyribonucleic-acid: DNA.

To understand DNA is to understand the secret of life: to be able to alter DNA is the basis of the new science of genetic engineering.

DNA was first fully described by Francis Crick and James Watson, two scientists working in Cambridge, England, in 1953. The technology for altering DNA became available about twenty years later - that is adding or taking away genes on the DNA chain (then known as ‘recombinant DNA’) so as to modify the characteristics of the plant or animal to which the DNA belongs.

The implications of this are dramatic. Using genetic engineering, it is possible to produce plants and animals that have particular desired characteristics: to grow plants, for example, that are resistant to disease, or which yield an extra large crop, or grow in difficult conditions: or again to breed animals that are good meat or milk producers - even to breed entirely new types of animals.

Not only can such plants or animals be created once, but from a basic genetic model, in endless numbers of identical units – a process known as ‘cloning’.

DNA. the stuff of life, contains the genes which determine every characteristic of living organisms and pass it on from one generation to the next.(…)

In Guia de Aprendizagem, Ensino Secundário Recorrente

Inglês – Unidades 8, 9, 10

A) Say which statements are TRUE/ FALSE. Find evidence in the text for your choices:

1. The genes are grouped in a small line.

2. The info contained in the DNA was first described in the fifties.

3. A decade later scientists could modify DNA.

4. Mastering DNA we can almost “invent” species adapted to our needs.

B) Find words/ expressions in paragraphs 1 to 4 meaning the same as:

1. form

2. transmitted

3. to change

4. the consequences

C) Answer the following questions, using your own words as far as possible:

1. What is the text about? (Do not answer with the title!)

2. How are the genes organized?

3. Which new science was born around DNA manipulation?

4. Where did the first studies on DNA take place?

5. Refer two situations in which this science can help common people?

II

A) Complete with the correct verb tense of the given verb:

1. Scientists_____ already______ (studied) DNA codes back in the 50’s.

2. However the technology to modify it only________(appear) in the 70’s.

3. Nowadays scientists ______ (create) new species adapted to the farmers’ needs.

4. Lots of people___________ (like) to decide about their children’s appearance in advance!

B) Fill-in the gaps with the appropriate modal verb:

1. By manipulating the DNA, we ______ adapt species to environment.

2. Now that we master DNA, we ______ learn how to avoid diseases.

3. Moral questions are also put on the table: we_____ act carefully not to create monsters!

4. Genetic engineering_____ help controlling diseases but not creating new human beings!

5. Fanatic leaders_______ not have access to such techniques!

C) Rewrite the given sentences into the passive voice:

1. Genetic Engineering helps infertile couples to have babies.

2. Farmers are creating new plants adapted to their lands.

3. McDonalds developed special chicken for its restaurants!

4. Scientists will recreate extinct species in the future.

5. We can clone animals according to industrial needs.

III

Choose ONE of the given topics to write a text of about 80 to 100 words:

A) The new sciences of biotechnology are opening new doors but are also bringing new moral and ethical questions. Recall the three (3) branches of biotechnology and explain their advantages and disadvantages.

B) Cloning humans was a polemical issue since the beginning. Write a small text explaining your personal opinion about it. If possible, give examples to illustrate your position.

SISTEMA DE ENSINO POR UNIDADES CAPITALIZÁVEIS (SECUNDÁRIO)

Prova Escrita de Inglês Cont. Unidade 08

COTAÇÕES

Cotações
Grupo	Questão	alínea
	A)	1 2 3 4	.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................	10 10 (4= T/F) 10 + 10 (6= Evidence)
I	B)	1 2 3 4	.................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................... ............................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................	5 5 5 5
	C)	1 2 3 4 5	............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................	10 10 10 10 10
	A)	1 2 3 4	.................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................... ............................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................	5 5 5 5
	B)	1 2 3 4 5	............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................	2 2 2 2 2
	C)	1 2 3 4 5	............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................	6 (Subj. =1p) 6 (Aux. =2p) 6 (Main Verb = 1p) 6 (P. Ag. = 1p) 6 (Ind. Cpl. = 1p)
III	A/B	---	0 - 07p – Weak content and form; 08 – 14p – Weak content/ many mistakes; 15 – 24p – Good content/ not many mistakes 25 – 30p – Very good content / form with very few and minor mistakes.	30
			Total	200 pontos

SISTEMA DE ENSINO POR UNIDADES CAPITALIZÁVEIS (SECUNDÁRIO)

Prova Escrita de Inglês (Continuação) Unidade 09

I

Read the text carefully and solve the exercises:

ANILA MEMA, 19

Shkoder, Albania

We live in a world of happiness and of troubles, a world of peace and war. We love this world but there is hate as well. Either way, we have to change the world as long as it is ours and it is not as perfect as we want it to be.

Kosovo was such a tragic problem. It's a pity to see in the centre of Europe, a country and its people treated unjustly and awfully. Hundreds of innocent Albanians who live in Kosovo fell prey (1)to the Serbs' uncivilised politics. The Greeks and Serbs wanted to change their borders and that meant war. Now, some German have nostalgia of Hitler, and this means war too.

How can humankind allow this monster - war - to swallow up everything they have built? How can people kill one another while they are all really brothers? That's the most important question facing the world today. People have to choose between destruction and life.

Hey, mankind! For God's sake, be reasonable and not bloodthirsty, leave one another alone to enjoy your work, your lives, your peace!

Besides this, drugs, AIDS, alcohol, robbery, unemployment and environmental problems face the world too. It is wounded. Who is going to treat it? God? He helps those who help themselves. Governments and their leaders? They can't succeed alone. Then who? People - the young people of our generation. We're going to say "Stop" to whatever is bad, and welcome everything that promises a better future. I believe we are going to do it!

In Current (taken from the Guidebook)

1. To live persecuted by somebody.

A) Say what the following words refer to:

1. it (l. 3) 2. That (l. 7) 3. This (l. 15) 4. He (l. 16) 5. They (l. 17)

B) Complete according to the text:

1. Anila is…

2. She thinks we should…

3. She refers two "black spots" in our history,…

4. She refers other world problems like…

5. She argues that governments…

C) Answer the following questions, in your own words:

1. What is the text about? (Do not answer with the title!)

2. What happened in Kosovo?

3. Which other threats does she refer to?

4. What's her opinion about God?

5. How does she see the future? Justify.

A) Verbs of perception with the Gerund and the Infinitive:

1. I was in Baghdad when I heard the bombs …(fall/ falling)

2. I came up to the window and heard people… (scream/ screaming)

3. I couldn't believe my eyes, I saw the man…off the enormous tree he was cutting down. (fall/ falling)

B) Inversion to give emphasis: Rewrite as started, considering the words in italics:

1. If it was already daylight, people could get ready!

Was…

2. I will never forget when we had to go down to a bunker!

Never…

3. There was shooting not only on the ground but in the air too.

Not only…

4. If the sirens had rung, more people would have escaped.

Had…

5. People could not leave their homes in no circumstances.

In no circumstances…

C) Phrasal verbs: Choose the correct form, but be careful to change tenses if needed.

1. They _____the Presidential Palace by the end of the seventh day.

Break down Break up Break into

2. They could have solved the whole question but they ______ the enemy's proposal.

Turn on Turn off Turn down

3. They were______ the Albanian radicals, but killed innocents as well.

Look for Look after Look through

4. The plane ______ tomorrow with lots of refugees.

Take back Take off Take on

5. They __________ the poor man simply because he was black!

Run out run around run over.

III

Choose ONE topic and write a small text of about 80 to 100 words:

A) Refer to a conflict that is now threatening our world. Describe it and try to explain its origins, goals, who is on each side, etc

B) Recall Anila's opinion about the future of the world. What is your personal view on this subject? Justify your position(s).

SISTEMA DE ENSINO POR UNIDADES CAPITALIZÁVEIS (SECUNDÁRIO)

Prova Escrita de Inglês (Cont.) Unidade 09

COTAÇÕES

Cotações
Grupo	Questão	alínea
	A)	1 2 3 4 5	................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ ......................................................................................................................................................................................	7 7 7 (35) 7 7
I	B)	1 2 3 4 5	..................................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................... ........................................................................................... ...........................................................................................	5 5 5 (25) 5 5
	C)	1 2 3 4 5	..................................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................... ........................................................................................... ...........................................................................................	10 10 10 (50) 10 10
	A)	1 2 3	........................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................................	5 5 (15) 5
II	B)	1 2 3 4 5	..................................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................... ........................................................................................... ...........................................................................................	5 5 5 (25) 5 5
	C)	1 2 3 4 5	..................................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................... ........................................................................................... ...........................................................................................	4 4 4 (20) 4 4
III	A/B	---	0 - 07p – Weak content and form; 08 – 14p – Weak content/ many mistakes; 15 – 24p – Good content/ not many mistakes 25 – 30p – Very good content / form with very few and minor mistakes.	30
			Total	200 pontos

SISTEMA DE ENSINO POR UNIDADES CAPITALIZÁVEIS (SECUNDÁRIO)

Prova Escrita de Inglês (Continuação) Unidade 10

Read the following text carefully and solve the exercises:

EU parliament OKs eastern enlargement

By Gareth Harding
UPI Chief European Correspondent

BRUSSELS, Belgium, April 9 (UPI) -- The European Parliament Wednesday voted to admit 10 largely ex-communist states into the European Union, paving the way for the largest expansion of the bloc.

Meeting in Strasbourg, France, EU legislators overwhelmingly accepted membership applications from Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia.

"In the life of our parliament and the life of the European Union this is one of the most significant votes elected representatives have been called upon to take," said parliament president Pat Cox shortly before the historic vote.

Greek Deputy Foreign Minister Tassos Giannitsis, whose country holds the rotating presidency of the EU, told parliamentarians, "The acceding states are part of our shared history, heritage and culture and their accession marks the end of the artificial division of our continent."

EU leaders are set to sign a membership treaty with the 10 central and east European countries at a ceremony below the Acropolis in Athens, Greece, next week.

The expansion of the bloc still has to be approved by voters in the candidate countries and by parliaments in EU member states. Maltese and Slovene voters have already given their approval to EU membership. Hungary is set to go to the polls Saturday with Slovakia and Lithuanian due to vote on the matter next month.

In a resolution adopted by more than 90 percent of Euro-deputies, the EU assembly urged the 10 future members to sort out remaining problems -- such as fighting corruption, tackling crime and protecting minority rights -- before they join in May 2004.

It also called on the expanded EU of 25 to "speak with a common voice in world politics," and demanded that members show "a stronger sense of solidarity" in drawing up joint policies.

Since the start of the conflict between Washington and Baghdad, Europe has been bitterly divided over how to disarm Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. Half the EU's 15 current members have opposed the U.S. military build-up in the Gulf, while the vast majority of ex-communist states have supported the coalition forces.

http://www.upi.com/view.cfm?StoryID=20030409-091411-4934r

A) Complete according to the text:

1. The article is about…

2. The EP approved…

3. The EU Presidency belongs now…

4. The most important issue in the future will be…

B) Complete the table with data from the text:

Candidate Countries	What European Countries Have in Common	Percentage of Euro-Deputies that approved the Resolution	Official Date to Join the EU

C) Answer the following questions:

1. Has the official membership treaty already taken place?

2. Who approved this expansion of the EU?

3. Which people accepted their entrance to the EU?

4. Which problems had to be solved by candidates before 2004?

5. Why do you think the European countries need a stronger sense of solidarity?

A) Complete with the appropriate past tense:

1. When I turned on the television, they________(talk) about the enlargement of the EU.

2. The European project__________(begin) a long time ago.

3. The EU _____already______(make) other enlargement processes.

4. The EU__________(grow) ever since it was created.

5. The EU _________(face) several problems in its history.

B) Complete the sentences as started, using a passive structure:

1. We expect the new members to disturb the EU balance.

The new members…

2. They say enlargement to Eastern European countries will bring new problems.

It is said that…

3. The common belief is that new countries are going to join the EU.

It is…

4. People see the EU as a strong project.

The EU…

C) Conditional sentences

1. If the EU gives financial support, eastern economies will develop.

Provided that…

2. The EU project will grow, if there are politicians who believe in it.

As long as…

3. The eastern countries may help their minorities but many citizens will escape to Western countries any way.

Even if…

4. If the new members can't solve serious internal problems, we will have to share them.

Unless…

III

Choose ONE topic and write a small text of about 100 to 120 words.

A) Are you in favour or against the European Union project? Justify your position(s).

B) Do you agree with the next step the EU will give, accepting Eastern European countries? Justify your position(s)

Caixa de texto: SISTEMA DE ENSINO POR UNIDADES CAPITALIZÁVEIS (SECUNDÁRIO)

Prova Escrita de Inglês (Cont.) Unidade 10

COTAÇÕES

Group	Exercises	Goals	Points	Sub-totals
I	A) Sentence completion B) Note-taking C) Questions	a) To complete the sentences with generic info from the text. b) To scan the text for factual info c) Skim the text for specific info for direct answers.	4 x 8p 4 x 4,5p 5 x 10p	32p 18p 50p
II	A) Past tenses B) Alternative passives C) Conditional sentences	a) To Identify/ apply the past tenses, according to a given context. b) To rephrase a sentence as started, using a passive structure. c) To recall/apply the Conditional structures.	5 x 4p 4 x 5p 4 x 5p	20p 20p 20p
III	A/B Text Production	To write a personal text using vocabulary from the unit, expressing personal opinion.	40p	40p
Total				200p

Correction Guidelines

Group	Exercises	Goals
I	A) Sentence completion B) Note-taking C) Questions	a) Correct 8p; partially correct = 6p; incorrect = 0p b) Correct = 4.5; Incorrect = 0p c) Correct with personal words = 10p; correct but fully copied = 5p; correct and balanced between personal words and quotes = 8p; doesn't answer the question = 0p
II	A) Past tenses B) Alternative passives C) Conditional sentences	a) Correct = 4p; Incorrect = 0p b) Correct = 5p; partially correct 2.5p, Incorrect = 0p c) Correct = 5p, partially correct 2,5p; Incorrect = 0p
II	A/B Text Production	0 -9p = Weak content/ illogical sentence sequences; 10 - 19p = Weak content/ logical sentences but too many mistakes; 20- 29p = Appropriate context / Logical sentence sequence, few grammar mistakes, 30 – 40p = Very good content / Coherent text with very few mistakes.

Note: Grammar mistakes, in any group, are entitled -0,5p.