Practical-01: Static Routing
Step 1: Create the Topology
• Drag two 1841 Routers.
• Drag two 2960 Switches.
• Drag four PCs.
• Connect the devices as follows: Router 0 connects to Router 1, and each router connects to a switch which in turn connects to the PCs.
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Step 2: Assign IP Addresses (To all PCs)
Configure the following settings by clicking on each PC, going to the Desktop tab, and selecting IP Configuration (Static):
PC Name IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway
PC0 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
PC1 10.0.0.3 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
PC2 30.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 30.0.0.1
PC3 30.0.0.2* 255.0.0.0 30.0.0.1
Note: The document lists the same IP address for PC2 and PC3. In a standard configuration, PC3 would typically be assigned 30.0.0.3.
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Step 3: Configure Static Routers
Router 0 Configuration
1. Go to the Config tab under the Interface section.
2. Fast Ethernet 0/0: Set Port Status to ON. Enter IP Address 10.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
3. Fast Ethernet 0/1: Set Port Status to ON. Enter IP Address 20.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
4. Static Routing: Go to Config > Routing > Static and enter:
o Network: 30.0.0.0
o Mask: 255.0.0.0
o Next Hop: 20.0.0.2
5. Click Add.
Router 1 Configuration
1. Go to the Config tab under the Interface section.
2. Fast Ethernet 0/0: Set Port Status to ON. Enter IP Address 30.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
3. Fast Ethernet 0/1: Set Port Status to ON. Enter IP Address 20.0.0.2 and Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
4. Static Routing: Go to Config > Routing > Static and enter:
o Network: 10.0.0.0
o Mask: 255.0.0.0
o Next Hop: 20.0.0.1
5. Click Add.
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Step 4: Verification
• Drag the envelope icon (PDU) from the right sidebar.
• Place it on PC0 and then on PC2 (or any other PC across the network) to test connectivity.
Step 5: Output
• If the configuration is correct, the status at the bottom right corner of the screen will show Successful.
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Practical 2: RIP Routing
Step 1) Create the Topology
• Drag two routers (1841).
• Drag two switches (2860).
• Drag four PCs.
• Connect them as shown in the diagram.
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Step 2) Assign IP Address (To All PCs)
Click on each PC, go to Desktop > IP Configuration, and select Static to enter the following details:
PC Name IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway
PC0 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
PC1 10.0.0.3 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
PC2 30.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 30.0.0.1
PC3 30.0.0.3 255.0.0.0 30.0.0.1*
Note: The document lists the gateway for PC3 as 50.0.0.1, though typical topology for this experiment uses 30.0.0.1.
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Step 3) Configure Routers
Router 0 Configuration
1. Go to Config > Interface.
2. Fast Ethernet 0/0: Set Port Status to ON. Enter IP Address 10.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
3. Fast Ethernet 0/1: Set Port Status to ON. Enter IP Address 20.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
4. RIP Routing: Go to Config > Routing > RIP.
o Add Network 10.0.0.0.
o Add Network 20.0.0.0.
Router 1 Configuration
1. Go to Config > Interface.
2. Fast Ethernet 0/0: Set Port Status to ON. Enter IP Address 30.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
3. Fast Ethernet 0/1: Set Port Status to ON. Enter IP Address 20.0.0.2 and Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
4. RIP Routing: Go to Config > Routing > RIP.
o Add Network 20.0.0.0.
o Add Network 30.0.0.0.
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Step 4) To check if it's working or not
• Drag the envelope from the right sidebar.
• Drag it from PC0 to PC2 (or other alternatives).
Step 5) Output
• If the envelope goes from PC0 to PC2 (or any other PC), it will show Successful in the bottom corner.
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Practical 4: Addressing & Class Format of IPv4
Class A Format
• Structure: In Class A, the network ID is 7 bits and the host ID is 24 bits in length.
• Range: The network ID can have numbers between 0 to 127.
• Identification: The first field "0" identifies it as a Class A network.
• Example: 110.198.60.1.
• Bit Breakdown: 1 byte (Network ID) + 3 bytes (Host ID) = 32 bits total.
Class B Format
• Structure: In Class B, the network ID is 14 bits and the host ID is 16 bits in length.
• Range: The network ID can have numbers between 128 to 191.
• Identification: The first two bits "10" identify the network as Class B format.
• Example: 145.96.10.1.
• Bit Breakdown: 2 bits + 14 bits (Network ID) + 16 bits (Host ID) = 32 bits total.
Class C Format
• Structure: In Class C, the network ID is 21 bits and the host ID is 8 bits in length.
• Range: The network ID can have numbers between 192 to 223.
• Identification: The first 3 bits identify the network as Class C format.
• Example: 197.99.20.2 or 195.110.53.11.
• Bit Breakdown: 3 bits + 21 bits (Network ID) + 8 bits (Host ID) = 32 bits total.
Class D Format
• Purpose: Class D format allows multicast addressing, where a datagram is directed to multiple hosts.
• Range: The number range is 224 to 239 (Note: source mentions up to 255, but standard Class D ends at 239).
• Identification: The first 4 fields identify the network as Class D format.
• Example: 224.35.6.10.
• Bit Breakdown: 4 bits + 28 bits = 32 bits.
Class E Format
• Purpose: Class E is reserved for future use, specifically for experimental and research purposes.
• Range: The range is 240 to 255.
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Practical 5: DHCP
Step 1) Create the Topology
• Drag one Router (1841).
• Drag one Switch (2960).
• Drag four PCs.
• Connect them as shown in the topology.
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Step 2) Configuration of Router 0
Interface Configuration (GUI)
1. Click on the Config tab (under Interface).
2. Click on FastEthernet 0/0.
3. Make sure the Port Status is ON.
4. Enter the IP Address: 20.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0.
5. Click on FastEthernet 0/1.
6. Make sure the Port Status is ON.
7. Enter the IP Address: 20.0.0.1 (Note: document repeats this IP) and Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0.
DHCP Setup (CLI)
Click on the CLI tab and enter the following commands to get the output:
• # int f0/0
• # ip add 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
• # exit
• # ip dhcp pool test
• # default-router 10.0.0.1
• # dns-server 20.0.0.1
• # exit
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Step 3) Output
1. Check on PC0, PC1, PC2, or PC3.
2. Go to the Desktop tab.
3. Click on IP Configuration.
4. Select DHCP.
5. The message "Requesting for IP Address" will appear, followed by the assigned IP, which is your output.
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Practical 6: DNS-SMTP & POP3
Step 1) Create the Topology
• Drag one Server-PT.
• Drag one Switch 2950-24.
• Drag two PCs.
• Connect them as shown in the topology.
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Step 2) Assign IP Configuration to both PCs
Go to Desktop > IP Configuration and select Static for both PCs:
• PC0:
o IP Address: 10.0.0.2
o Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0
• PC1:
o IP Address: 10.0.0.3
o Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0
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Step 3) Setup for Server
1. Go to the Services tab.
2. Select Email in the services column.
3. In the Email tab, make sure to turn ON the SMTP service and the POP3 service.
4. Enter the Domain Name: gmail.com and click Set.
5. User Setup:
o Click on Add.
o Enter User Name: vijaya and Password: 123.
6. Go to the Desktop tab, then IP Configuration, and set the Server's IP:
o IP Address: 10.0.0.1
o Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0
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Step 4) Configure Mail on both PCs
1. Click on Desktop and go to Email (a "Configure Mail" tab will open).
2. Enter the details as filled in the server tab:
o Your Name: [Your Name].
o Email Address: vijaya@gmail.com.
o Incoming Mail Server: 10.0.0.1.
o Outgoing Mail Server: 10.0.0.1.
o Username: vijaya.
o Password: 123.
3. Click Save.
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Step 5) Mail Browser
1. On PC0, go to Email to open the Mail Browser.
2. Click on Compose.
3. Fill in the details:
o To: vijaya@gmail.com
o Subject: Meeting
o Body: Hi!
4. Click Send.
5. Go to PC1 in the email section; the email from PC0 will appear. You can reply by clicking on the email.
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Step 6) Output
• The output is the successfully displayed Mail Browser tab showing the sent/received email
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Practical 7: Telnet
Step 1) Create the Topology
• Drag 1 Router and 1 PC.
• Connect them as shown.
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Step 2) Router 0 Configuration
1. Go to the CLI tab.
2. When asked "Continue with configuration dialog (yes/no):", type no and press Enter.
3. Enter the following commands:
o en
o config t
o int f0/0
o ip add 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
o no sh
o exit
o line vty 0 4
o password vijaya
o login
o exit
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Step 3) PC0 Configuration
1. Click on Desktop > IP Configuration.
2. Select Static and enter the following details:
o IP Address: 10.0.0.2
o Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0
o Default Gateway: 10.0.0.1
3. Go to the Command Prompt and enter these commands:
o ping 10.0.0.1 (It will start replying)
o telnet 10.0.0.1
o Password: vijaya
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Step 4) Output
• If the command prompt shows Router>, it means the Telnet connection has been successfully established.
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Practical 8: HTTP & FTP
HTTP Configuration
Step 1) Create the Topology
• Drag two PCs and two Servers.
• Connect them as shown in the diagram.
Step 2) Server 0 Setup
1. Click on Server 0 and go to Desktop > IP Configuration.
2. Set the IP Address to 10.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask to 255.0.0.0.
3. Go to the Services tab and click on HTTP.
4. Ensure the HTTP service is ON.
5. Edit the index.html file to write: Welcome to servero
and click Save.
Step 3) Server 1 Setup
1. Click on Server 1 and go to Desktop > IP Configuration.
2. Set the IP Address to 20.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask to 255.0.0.0.
3. Go to the Services tab and click on HTTP.
4. Ensure the service is ON and edit index.html to write: Welcome to server 1
.
Step 4) Assign PC IP Configuration
• PC0: Go to Desktop > IP Configuration. Set IP Address to 10.0.0.2 and Subnet Mask to 255.0.0.0.
• PC1: Go to Desktop > IP Configuration. Set IP Address to 20.0.0.2 and Subnet Mask to 255.0.0.0.
Step 5) Testing in Web Browser
1. Go to any PC (e.g., PC0), click on Desktop, and open the Web Browser.
2. In the URL type http://10.0.0.1 and press Enter; the webpage for Server 0 will open.
3. On PC1, open the Web Browser and type http://20.0.0.1; the webpage for Server 1 will open.
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FTP Configuration
Step 1) Create the Topology
• Drag two PCs, one Server, and one Switch.
• Connect them together.
Step 2) Server Setup
1. Go to the Services tab and click on FTP.
2. Ensure the service is ON.
3. User Setup: Enter Username: vijaya and Password: 123.
4. Select the permissions (Write, Read, Delete, Rename, List) and click Add.
Step 3) Assign PC IP Configuration
• PC0: IP Address 10.0.0.2, Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
• PC1: IP Address 10.0.0.3, Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
Step 4) Command Prompt Testing
1. On PC0 or PC1, go to Desktop > Command Prompt.
2. Type ftp 10.0.0.1 and press Enter.
3. Enter the credentials: Username: vijaya and Password: 123.
4. If the prompt shows ftp>, the configuration is successful.
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Practical 8: HTTP & FTP
HTTP Configuration
Step 1) Create the Topology
• Drag two PCs and two Servers.
• Connect them as shown in the diagram.
Step 2) Server 0 Setup
1. Click on Server 0 and go to Desktop > IP Configuration.
2. Set the IP Address to 10.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask to 255.0.0.0.
3. Go to the Services tab and click on HTTP.
4. Ensure the HTTP service is ON.
5. Edit the index.html file to write: Welcome to servero
and click Save.
Step 3) Server 1 Setup
1. Click on Server 1 and go to Desktop > IP Configuration.
2. Set the IP Address to 20.0.0.1 and Subnet Mask to 255.0.0.0.
3. Go to the Services tab and click on HTTP.
4. Ensure the service is ON and edit index.html to write: Welcome to server 1
.
Step 4) Assign PC IP Configuration
• PC0: Go to Desktop > IP Configuration. Set IP Address to 10.0.0.2 and Subnet Mask to 255.0.0.0.
• PC1: Go to Desktop > IP Configuration. Set IP Address to 20.0.0.2 and Subnet Mask to 255.0.0.0.
Step 5) Testing in Web Browser
1. Go to any PC (e.g., PC0), click on Desktop, and open the Web Browser.
2. In the URL type http://10.0.0.1 and press Enter; the webpage for Server 0 will open.
3. On PC1, open the Web Browser and type http://20.0.0.1; the webpage for Server 1 will open.
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FTP Configuration
Step 1) Create the Topology
• Drag two PCs, one Server, and one Switch.
• Connect them together.
Step 2) Server Setup
1. Go to the Services tab and click on FTP.
2. Ensure the service is ON.
3. User Setup: Enter Username: vijaya and Password: 123.
4. Select the permissions (Write, Read, Delete, Rename, List) and click Add.
Step 3) Assign PC IP Configuration
• PC0: IP Address 10.0.0.2, Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
• PC1: IP Address 10.0.0.3, Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0.
Step 4) Command Prompt Testing
1. On PC0 or PC1, go to Desktop > Command Prompt.
2. Type ftp 10.0.0.1 and press Enter.
3. Enter the credentials: Username: vijaya and Password: 123.
4. If the prompt shows ftp>, the configuration is successful.
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Practical 9: OSPF
Step 1) Create Configuration Topology
• Drag 2 Routers, 2 Switches, and 2 PCs.
• Connect them as shown in the diagram.
Step 2) Assign IP to PCs
Configure the PCs by going to Desktop > IP Configuration > Static:
PC Name IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway
PC2 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1
PC3 30.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 30.0.0.1
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Step 3) Configure Router 1
Click on Router 1 and go to the CLI tab to enter the following commands:
• en
• config t
• interface fa 0/0
• ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
• no shutdown
• exit
• interface se 0/0/0 (Note: document lists 0/0/10)
• ip address 20.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
• no shutdown
• exit
• router ospf 1
• network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
• network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
• exit
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Step 4) Configure Router 2
Click on Router 2 and go to the CLI tab:
• en
• config t
• interface fa 0/0
• ip address 30.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
• no shutdown
• exit
• interface se 0/0/0 (Note: document lists 01010)
• ip address 20.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
• no shutdown
• exit
• router ospf 1
• network 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
• network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
• exit
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Step 5) Testing
• Go to PC2.
• Open Desktop > Command Prompt.
• Type ping 30.0.0.2 and press Enter.
Step 6) Output
• If the ping reply is received successfully, OSPF routing is working properly between both networks.